Paraben exposure related to Staphylococcal enterotoxin IgE sensitization, allergic rhinitis and nasal patency in children.

The study aims to investigate the link between paraben exposure, Staphylococcal enterotoxin IgE sensitization, and their combined relationship on allergic rhinitis and nasal patency in children. We assessed 276 children aged 10-12, examining their demographic backgrounds, atopy status, prevalence of allergic diseases, and serum specific IgE levels for Staphylococcal enterotoxins A, B, and toxic shock syndrome toxin (TSST). Parabens metabolites in urine samples were measured to assess exposure levels.

Efficacies of different treatment strategies for infants hospitalized with acute bronchiolitis.

Background: Acute bronchiolitis is a common cause of hospitalization during infancy that carries significant morbidity and mortality rates.

Purpose: This study compared the efficacy of different treatment modalities for infants with bronchiolitis in terms of hospital stay and clinical severity scores.

Methods: The PubMed database was searched for relevant studies.

The KAAACI Guidelines for Sublingual Immunotherapy.

Allergen immunotherapy is regarded as the only disease-modifying treatment option for various allergic conditions, including allergic rhinitis and asthma. Among the routes of administration of allergens, sublingual immunotherapy (SLIT) has gained clinical interest recently, and the prescription of SLIT is increasing among patients with allergies. After 30 years of SLIT use, numerous pieces of evidence supporting its efficacy, safety, and mechanism allows SLIT to be considered as an alternative option to subcutaneous immunotherapy.

Associations of personal urinary volatile organic compounds and lung function in children.

Background: We investigated the correlation between urine VOC metabolites and airway function in children exposed to anthropogenic volatile organic compounds (VOCs), notable pollutants impacting respiratory health.

Methods: Out of 157 respondents, 141 completed skin prick tests, spirometry, IOS, and provided urine samples following the International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood (ISAAC)-related questions. Allergic sensitization was assessed through skin prick tests, and airway functions were evaluated using spirometry and impulse oscillometry (IOS).

KAAACI Guidelines for Allergen Immunotherapy.

Allergen immunotherapy (AIT) is a causative treatment for various allergic diseases such as allergic rhinitis, allergic asthma, and bee venom allergy that induces tolerance to offending allergens. The need for uniform practice guidelines in AIT is continuously growing because of the increasing discovery of potential candidates for AIT and evolving interest in new therapeutic approaches. This guideline is an updated version of the Korean Academy of Asthma Allergy and Clinical Immunology recommendations for AIT published in 2010.

Growth and micronutrient levels of 6-12 years-old children with food allergies, food sensitisation, and food restrictions.

Aim: We investigated the association of food allergy, food sensitisation, and food restriction with growth and micronutrients levels in schoolchildren.

Methods: A total of 195 schoolchildren (6-12 years old) from six elementary schools in Korea were enrolled, and questionnaires were administered to their parents during June and July 2015. Food allergy was defined by the presence of urticaria, skin rash, pruritus, throat tightness, gastrointestinal complaints, or respiratory difficulty after consumption of a food to which allergy was plausible during the past 12 months.

Sex differences in body composition affect total airway resistance during puberty.

Background: During puberty, changes in body composition due to sex hormones are associated with lung mechanics. However, little is known about the mediation effect of sex differences in body composition during puberty with total airway resistance.

Methods: We prospectively recruited 620 children (10-12 years old) from the general population and conducted a cross-sectional study.

Personal Exposure to Total VOC Is Associated With Symptoms of Atopic Dermatitis in Schoolchildren.

Background: The urinary levels of volatile organic compound (VOC) metabolites provide individual exposure levels compared to data obtained by measuring these compounds in ambient air. We aimed to investigate the association between personal urinary concentrations of VOC metabolites and symptoms of atopic dermatitis in schoolchildren.

Methods: Nine urinary VOC metabolites were analyzed from urine samples of 149 children.

Changes in childhood growth after adenotonsillectomy: a population-based cohort study.

Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the association between adenotonsillectomy (T&A) and serial changes in growth in children through a population-based nationwide study as well as the national health insurance service (NHIS) database.

Methods: Propensity score (PS) matched children with and without T&A were selected in NHIS database, which includes all individuals born in Korea in 2008-2009. Serial changes of BMI and height were compared in children with and without T&A, and growth changes depending on the time of operation were also considered.

The Relationship between Aeroallergen Sensitization and Chronic Cough in School-Aged Children from General Population.

Objective: Determining sensitivity to allergens is an essential step in diagnosing children with allergic diseases. Chronic cough has remained poorly understood with causative triggers. The purpose of our study was to shed light on the relationship between sensitization to aeroallergens and chronic cough.

Association of phthalate exposure and airway dysfunction with mediation by serum periostin.

Background: Phthalates can cause respiratory and immunological disorders. However, little is known about the role of serum periostin and YKL-40 levels in mediating the effects of phthalates. We investigated the mediating role of these biomarkers in the relationship between phthalates and airway dysfunction.

Estimating COVID-19 Infection and Severity Risks in Patients with Chronic Rhinosinusitis: A Korean Nationwide Cohort Study.

Background: Basic studies suggest that severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection can affect chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS), but there is unclear real-world evidence regarding the association of underlying CRS with the risk for SARS-CoV-2 infection and severe coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19).

Objective: We aimed to determine whether CRS is associated with increased risk for SARS-CoV-2 infection and severe COVID-19.

Methods: Altogether, 219,959 adult patients who tested for SARS-CoV-2 in South Korea from January 1 to May 15, 2020 (excluding self-referral) were identified in this nested case-control study with propensity score matching.

Abnormal iron status is independently associated with reduced oscillometric lung function in schoolchildren.

Background: Associations between anemia and allergic diseases have been reported, but the relationship of iron deficiency with airway dysfunction in children remains unclear. We aimed to investigate the relationship between abnormal iron parameters and lung function in schoolchildren.

Methods: Four hundred and forty-five children (10-12 years-old) from 11 elementary schools in were enrolled.

The potential pathways underlying the association of propyl-paraben exposure with aeroallergen sensitization and EASI score using metabolomics analysis.

Propyl-paraben exposure is associated with aeroallergen sensitization, but its association with atopic dermatitis (AD) is inconclusive. No studies have been conducted on the metabolomic pathways underlying these associations. We investigated the associations between propyl-paraben exposure and aeroallergen sensitization, AD, and Eczema Area and Severity Index (EASI) score and identified the underlying pathways using untargeted metabolomics analysis.

Association of serum lipopolysaccharide-binding protein level with sensitization to food allergens in children.

Lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-binding protein (LBP) is an acute-phase reactant that mediates innate immune responses triggered by LPS. Recent studies indicated a positive correlation of circulating LBP level with chronic low-grade inflammation, a condition present in many non-communicable diseases. We determined the association of serum LBP concentration with allergic sensitization in a general pediatric population.

Assessment of vitamin D, exercise, and lipid profile associated with excessive daytime sleepiness in school children.

Previous research reported associations of excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS) with a low vitamin D level, obesity, and sexual maturity. The aim of this study was to identify the association and rank the importance of these with EDS. This study examined 618 children who were 10-12 year-old.

Bacterial Microbiota-derived Extracellular Vesicles in Children With Allergic Airway Diseases: Compositional and Functional Features.

Purpose: Bacterial extracellular vesicles (EVs) play crucial roles in bacteria-host interactions. Due to their cargo, EVs are considered fingerprints of the parent cell, which are detectable in body fluids. We studied the composition and function of bacterial microbiota-derived EVs genes in urine to evaluate whether they have specific characteristics concerning allergic airway disease.

Atopic dermatitis: Correlation of severity with allergic sensitization and eosinophilia.

It is widely acknowledged that food sensitization is related to atopic dermatitis in infants and young children. To investigate the association of aeroallergen sensitization with increased rates and severity of atopic dermatitis in school children. We enrolled 576 children (mean age, 9.