Automated Insulin Delivery Effects During Driving Among Older Adults with Type 1 Diabetes in a Randomized Trial.

Dysglycemia among drivers with type 1 diabetes (T1D) is associated with impaired driving performance, and glucose levels "above 5 to drive" are often recommended for insulin-treated drivers. Evidence for diabetes treatments that support euglycemia while driving is minimal, particularly for older drivers. In this randomized, crossover trial involving adults aged ≥60 years with T1D, we used continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) during driving to compare the first-generation closed-loop automated insulin delivery (AID) versus a sensor-augmented pump therapy.

Driving-Related Glucose Patterns Among Older Adults with Type 1 Diabetes.

Older adults with type 1 diabetes may face challenges driving safely. Glucose "above-5-to-drive" is often recommended for insulin-treated diabetes to minimize hypoglycemia while driving. However, the effectiveness of this recommendation among older adults has not been evaluated.

Routine ophthalmologic examination in bacteremia is not necessary: incidence of and risk factors for ocular involvement.

bacteremia is known to present a virulent clinical course, including multiple metastatic infections, which is not uncommon in Asia. However, there are limited data on the incidence and risk factors for ocular involvement in bacteremia. We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of all patients with bacteremia who underwent ophthalmologic examination in a tertiary center in Seoul, Korea, from February 2012 to December 2020.

MACULAR MICROVASCULATURE IN X-LINKED RETINOSCHISIS: Optical Coherence Tomography and Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography Study.

Purpose: The study aimed to evaluate the macular microvasculature of X-linked retinoschisis (XLRS) and identify correlations between vascular changes, structural changes, and functional outcome.

Methods: Genetically confirmed XLRS patients and heathy control subjects underwent complete ophthalmic examination, dilated funduscopic examination, optical coherence tomography, and optical coherence tomography angiography. Schisis distribution, outer plexiform layer discontinuation, photoreceptor layer thickness, and photoreceptor outer segment length were reviewed using optical coherence tomography.

Colonoscopy Insertion in Patients with Gastrectomy: Does Position Impact Cecal Intubation Time?

Background: A history of abdominal surgery is associated with difficulty in colonoscopy insertion. Few studies have reported effective colonoscopy insertion for patients who underwent abdominal surgery due to stomach cancer.

Aim: We aimed to compare the impact of supine position (SP) and left lateral position (LLP) as the starting position of colonoscopy insertion in patients who underwent abdominal surgery due to stomach cancer.

Astigmatic correction of simultaneous femtosecond laser-assisted cataract surgery (FLACS) with intrastromal arcuate keratotomy (ISAK) versus Toric intraocular Lens Impantation with conventional phacoemulsification.

Background: To compare the efficacies in astigmatic correction of simultaneous femtosecond laser-assisted cataract surgery (FLACS) with intrastromal arcuate keratotomy (ISAK) versus toric intraocular lens (IOL) implantation with conventional phacoemulsification in moderate astigmatism.

Methods: A retrospective chart review was conducted for patients who had undergone cataract surgery by one surgeon. We identified patients with preoperative corneal astigmatism from + 0.

Effects of lid debris debridement combined with meibomian gland expression on the ocular surface MMP-9 levels and clinical outcomes in moderate and severe meibomian gland dysfunction.

Background: To evaluate the effects of lid debris debridement and meibomian gland expression (MGX) on extracellular matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) levels and clinical outcomes of moderate and severe MGD.

Methods: In this retrospective case series study, a total 48 eyes of 24 patients with moderate and severe MGD underwent one session of lid debris debridement using the BlephEx combined with MGX. We evaluated the tear film break-up time (TBUT), corneal and conjunctival fluorescein staining scores, Schirmer 1 test, biomicroscopic examination of lid margins and meibomian gland (MG), ocular surface disease index (OSDI) questionnaire score, and extracellular MMP-9 levels using a point-of-care MMP-9 immunoassay device before and 4 weeks after lid debris debridement and MGX.

Effect of gut microbiome on minor complications after a colonoscopy.

Background/aims: Minor complications that might occur after colonoscopy, including abdominal discomfort, bloating, diarrhea, and constipation, could a barrier for patients to undergo a screening colonoscopy. In this study, we aimed to identify the effect of gut microbial diversity and composition on minor complications after colonoscopy.

Methods: A total of 24 healthy subjects provided their stools before bowel preparation and on the 7th and 28th day after colonoscopy.

Mosapride Improves Lower Esophageal Sphincter and Esophageal Body Function in Patients With Minor Disorders of Esophageal Peristalsis.

Background/aims: High-resolution manometry (HRM) has broadened the awareness of minor esophageal peristaltic disorders. However, the treatments for these minor disorders are limited and the role of prokinetics has been controversial. This study evaluates the effect of mosapride in patients with minor peristaltic disorders.

Efficacy and Safety of Etomidate in Comparison with Propofol or Midazolam as Sedative for Upper Gastrointestinal Endoscopy.

Background/aims: In this study, we compared the efficacy and safety of etomidate with those of propofol or midazolam for the maintenance of sedation during endoscopy.

Methods: The study enrolled patients who underwent sedative endoscopy in our hospital and divided them into three groups. Patients in each group were administered midazolam as induction therapy and were subsequently administered either midazolam (M + M group), propofol (M + P group), or etomidate (M + E group) as maintenance medication.

Inhibitory Effects of β-Caryophyllene on Infection In Vitro and In Vivo.

The human specific bacterial pathogen () is associated with severe gastric diseases, including gastric cancer. Recently, the increasing resistance makes the usage of antibiotics less effectively. Therefore, development of a new antimicrobial agent is required to control infection.

Risk of Delayed Bleeding after a Colorectal Endoscopic Mucosal Resection without Prophylactic Clipping: Single Center, Observational Study.

Background/aims: Bleeding is one of the major complications of a colorectal polypectomy. The aim of this study was to identify the risk of delayed bleeding, particularly after a colorectal endoscopic mucosal resection (EMR) without prophylactic clipping.

Methods: Between April 2014 and August 2014, patients who underwent colorectal EMR (≥6 mm and <2 cm) without prophylactic clipping were included.

Additive Role of Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography Vessel Density Measurements in Glaucoma Diagnoses.

Purpose: This study compared the glaucoma diagnostic abilities of optical coherence tomography (OCT) and optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA). In addition, the possibility of enhancing diagnostic capability by combining the two modalities was investigated.

Methods: A total of 131 healthy eyes and 113 glaucomatous eyes were imaged by both OCT and OCTA.

Inhibitory Effects of Menadione on Growth and -Induced Inflammation via NF-κB Inhibition.

is classified as a group I carcinogen by WHO because of its involvement in gastric cancer development. Several reports have suggested anti-bacterial effects of menadione, although the effect of menadione on major virulence factors of and -induced inflammation is yet to be elucidated. In this study, therefore, we demonstrated that menadione has anti- and anti-inflammatory effects.

Bleb-associated endophthalmitis: Proportion, presentation, management and outcomes in Victoria, Australia.

Importance: Bleb-associated endophthalmitis is a potentially vision-threatening complication of trabeculectomy. With improvements in surgical technique and changing patterns of intraoperative antimetabolite use, a re-evaluation of the incidence of bleb-associated endophthalmitis is warranted.

Background: To investigate changes in the incidence, presentation, management and outcomes of bleb-associated endophthalmitis between 1997 and 2015 in Victoria, Australia.

Is stool frequency associated with the richness and community composition of gut microbiota?

Background/aims: Recently, a number of studies have reported that the gut microbiota could contribute to human conditions, including obesity, inflammation, cancer development, and behavior. We hypothesized that the composition and distribution of gut microbiota are different according to stool frequency, and attempted to identify the association between gut microbiota and stool frequency.

Methods: We collected fecal samples from healthy individuals divided into 3 groups according to stool frequency: group 1, a small number of defecation (≤2 times/wk); group 2, normal defecation (1 time/day or 1 time/2 day); and group 3, a large number of defecation (≥2-3 times/day).

Insulin Resistance Is Associated with Early Gastric Cancer: A Prospective Multicenter Case Control Study.

Background/aims: Recently, increased body weight has been found to be associated with an increasing risk of several cancers, including gastric cancer. The true pathogenic role of hyperglycemia in the development of gastric cancer remains unclear as hyperglycemia and its associated conditions may work as carcinogenic factors. The goal of this study was to clarify the factors associated with early gastric cancer and evaluate a homeostasis model assessment of the insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) index, fasting glucose, and lipid profile as predictors of early gastric cancer.

Anti-inflammatory effects of Kaempferol on Helicobacter pylori-induced inflammation.

Inflammation induced by Helicobacter pylori infection related to gastric carcinogenesis. In this study, we have investigated the anti-inflammatory effect and its mechanism of kaempferol in the inflammatory response caused by H. pylori infection in vitro.

Effect of Sending Educational Video Clips via Smartphone Mobile Messenger on Bowel Preparation before Colonoscopy.

Background/aim: We aimed to evaluate the efficacy of sending educational video clips via smartphone mobile messenger (SMM) on enhancing bowel preparation before colonoscopy.

Methods: This was a prospective, endoscopist-blinded, randomized controlled study. Patients in the SMM group received two video clips sent via SMM that explained the diet and regimen for bowel preparation, whereas those in the control group did not receive any video clips.

[Gastric Cancer Recurrence in 12 Years after Surgical Resection].

Recurrence of gastric cancer after 10 years of surgical resection is highly rare. There are limited data on the surveillance of patients with gastric cancer after 10 years from gastrectomy. A 50-year-old man presented to the gastroenterology clinic at our hospital for the management of abnormal findings on a routine colonoscopic exam.

Self-management Experiences of Older Korean Women With Urinary Incontinence: A Descriptive Qualitative Study Using Focus Groups.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to explore the self-management experiences of Korean women with urinary incontinence (UI).

Design: Descriptive, qualitative study using focus groups.

Subjects And Setting: Twenty-two community-dwelling women, 65 years and older, participated in 3 focus-group interviews.

Assessment of colon polyp morphology: Is education effective?

Aim: To determine the inter-observer variability for colon polyp morphology and to identify whether education can improve agreement among observers.

Methods: For purposes of the tests, we recorded colonoscopy video clips that included scenes visualizing the polyps. A total of 15 endoscopists and 15 nurses participated in the study.