Postoperative care in ICU versus non-ICU after head and neck free-flap surgery: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objective: Admission to the intensive care unit (ICU) has long been considered as routine by most head and neck surgeons after microvascular free-flap transfer. This study aimed to answer the question 'Is there a difference in the flap survival and postoperative complications rates between admission to intensive care unit (ICU) versus Non-ICU following microvascular head and neck reconstructive surgery?'.

Design: Systematic review, and meta-analysis.

PD-1/PDL-1 Inhibitors and Cardiotoxicity; Molecular, Etiological and Management Outlines.

Background: The US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has approved several immunotherapeutic drugs for cancer since 2010, and many more are still being evaluated in other clinical studies. These inhibitors significantly increase response rates and result in the treatment of patients with advanced cancer. However, cancer immunotherapy leads to essential cardiac toxicity properties that have become distinct from other cancer patients' care and are mostly related to their etiology.