A New Species and Three New Records Belonging to and from Korea.

During an investigation of fungi of the orders and in Korea, a new species, sp. nov., and three new records, , , and , were found in soil and freshwater samples.

Descriptions of 19 Unrecorded Species Belonging to in Korea.

A survey of fungal diversity in soil and freshwater habitats in Korea isolated several species of the class . Morphological characteristics and multigene phylogenetic analyses showed that these species represented new records for Korea. Herein, we report the descriptions, illustrations, and molecular phylogeny of 19 species previously undescribed in Korea, including , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , and

3D bio-printed proteinaceous bioactive scaffold loaded with dual growth factor enhanced chondrogenesis and in situ cartilage regeneration.

Articular cartilage has a limited self-healing capacity, leading to joint degeneration and osteoarthritis over time. Therefore, bioactive scaffolds are gaining attention as a promising approach to regenerating and repairing damaged articular cartilage through tissue engineering. In this study, we reported on a novel 3D bio-printed proteinaceous bioactive scaffolds combined with natural porcine cancellous bone dECM, tempo-oxidized cellulose nanofiber (TOCN), and alginate carriers for TGF-β1, FGF-18, and ADSCs to repair cartilage defects.

Design strategies for organelle-selective fluorescent probes: where to start?

Monitoring physiological changes within cells is crucial for understanding their biological aspects and pathological activities. Fluorescent probes serve as powerful tools for this purpose, offering advantageous characteristics over genetically encoded probes. While numerous organelle-selective probes have been developed in the past decades, several challenges persist.

Memory consolidation from a reinforcement learning perspective.

Memory consolidation refers to the process of converting temporary memories into long-lasting ones. It is widely accepted that new experiences are initially stored in the hippocampus as rapid associative memories, which then undergo a consolidation process to establish more permanent traces in other regions of the brain. Over the past two decades, studies in humans and animals have demonstrated that the hippocampus is crucial not only for memory but also for imagination and future planning, with the CA3 region playing a pivotal role in generating novel activity patterns.

Levamisole, as a viral vaccine adjuvant, induces robust host defense through the modulation of innate and adaptive immune responses.

Introduction: An effective vaccination policy must be implemented to prevent foot-and-mouth disease (FMD). However, the currently used vaccines for FMD have several limitations, including induction of humoral rather than cellular immune responses.

Methods: To overcome these shortcomings, we assessed the efficacy of levamisole, a small-molecule immunomodulator, as an adjuvant for the FMD vaccine.

A new perspective on apoptosis: Its impact on meat and organoleptic quality in different animals.

Apoptosis serves as the initial phase in the conversion of muscle to meat, driving key biochemical and morphological changes in the postmortem muscle. To effectively improve and control meat quality across different animal species, it is important to gather more information on the mechanisms by which apoptotic potential, mediated through the interaction of apoptosis-related molecules, influences meat quality variations. The apoptotic potential, determined by the balance between apoptotic and anti-apoptotic molecules, such as Ca, cytochrome , caspases, and heat shock proteins, varies among different species.

Effects of exercise training on nigrostriatal neuroprotection in Parkinson's disease: a systematic review.

Introduction: Parkinson's disease (PD) is characterized by progressive neurodegeneration within the nigrostriatum, leading to motor dysfunction. This systematic review aimed to summarize the effects of various exercise training regimens on protein or gene expression within the nigrostriatum and their role in neuroprotection and motor function improvement in animal models of Parkinson's disease (PD).

Methods: PubMed, EMBASE, and Web of Science were searched up to June 2024 and included sixteen studies that adhere to PRISMA guidelines and CAMARADES checklist scores ranging from 4 to 6 out of 10.

Outcomes of the Paul Glaucoma Implant in Refractory Secondary Glaucoma.

Purpose: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of the Paul Glaucoma Implant (PGI) surgery in patients with secondary glaucomas.

Patients And Methods: Retrospective chart review of adult patients with medically recalcitrant secondary glaucoma who underwent PGI implantation at a single tertiary center between August 2022 and June 2023. The primary outcome measure was surgical success.

Cation Effect on the Electrochemical Platinum Dissolution.

Ensuring the stability of electrocatalysts is paramount to the success of electrochemical energy conversion devices. Degradation is a fundamental process involving the release of positively charged metal ions into the electric double layer (EDL) and their subsequent diffusion into the bulk electrolyte. However, despite its vital importance in achieving prolonged electrocatalysis, the underlying causality of catalyst dissolution with the EDL structure remains largely unknown.

Opportunistic bone density assessment using pre-treatment [18F]FDG-PET/CT identifies fracture risk in lymphoma patients undergoing corticosteroid-containing chemotherapy.

Not available.

Partial Avulsion Patterns in the Pediatric Humeral Medial Epicondyle.

Background: The anterior oblique bundle of the medial ulnar collateral ligament (UCL) inserts on the anteroinferior aspect of the humeral medial epicondyle, while the flexor pronator mass (FPM) originates superficial and proximal to the UCL. With valgus stress, these distinct footprints may produce injury patterns that affect only focal areas of the medial epicondyle.

Hypothesis: The proximal UCL can act on the medial epicondyle either in isolation or in conjunction with the FPM to form partial avulsion fracture patterns within the pediatric medial epicondyle, and the predominant pattern involves only the proximal UCL footprint.

The 2022 ADEA Climate Study in U.S. and Canadian Dental Schools and Allied Dental Programs: Methodological Considerations.

Objectives: From January 2020 to the end of August 2020, preliminary research gathered data about the need for and the feasibility of an ADEA-led joint Climate Study of dental schools and allied dental programs in the United States and Canada. Informed by these findings, the first ever ADEA-led joint Climate Study took place in 2022. The objectives of this manuscript were to describe the timeline of this climate study and provide information about its methodology, specifically about (a) who participated in this research, (b) what was assessed, (c) how the study was conducted, and (d) how the results were communicated.

Facial Skin Quality Improvement After Treatment With CPM-HA20G: Clinical Experience in Korea.

Background: Intradermal injection of CPM-HA20G, a low-viscoelasticity hyaluronic acid (HA) dermal filler with glycerol, has been shown to be effective for facial rejuvenation in Caucasians, but research in Asians is limited.

Aims: This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of CPM-HA20G in enhancing facial skin quality in Korean women using a protocol developed by local aesthetic experts.

Patients/methods: In this 24-week prospective, single-arm, open-label study, 20 women received CPM-HA20G injections in the immediate subdermal layer on the anterior cheek (1 mL per side; total 2 mL) in three sessions every 4 weeks.

Gestational Diabetes Mellitus: Mechanisms Underlying Maternal and Fetal Complications.

Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) affects over 10% of all pregnancies, both in Korea and worldwide. GDM not only increases the risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes such as preeclampsia, preterm birth, macrosomia, neonatal hypoglycemia, and shoulder dystocia, but it also significantly increases the risk of developing postpartum type 2 diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular disease in the mother. Additionally, GDM is linked to a higher risk of childhood obesity and diabetes in offspring, as well as neurodevelopmental disorders, including autistic spectrum disorder.

High-dimensional multiple imputation (HDMI) for partially observed confounders including natural language processing-derived auxiliary covariates.

Multiple imputation (MI) models can be improved with auxiliary covariates (AC), but their performance in high-dimensional data remains unclear. We aimed to develop and compare high-dimensional MI (HDMI) methods using structured and natural language processing (NLP)-derived AC in studies with partially observed confounders. We conducted a plasmode simulation with acute kidney injury as outcome and simulated 100 cohorts with a null treatment effect, incorporating creatinine labs, atrial fibrillation (AFib), and other investigator-derived confounders in the outcome generation.

Creating the 5A Nursing Response Model for the Emerging Pandemic: A Qualitative, Theory-Generating Study.

Aim: The aim of this qualitative exploratory study aimed was to explore how nurses experienced and responded to the COVID-19 pandemic crisis in clinical settings to develop a response model.

Design: Focus group interviews.

Methods: Thirteen focus group interviews (n = 50) with nurses and nurse leaders practicing in diverse clinical settings were conducted between May and July of 2021 in South Korea.

Decision Regret About Treatment Amongst Women With Early Breast Cancer: An Integrative Review.

Aims: To synthesise evidence on decision regret about treatment amongst women with early breast cancer, including (1) the type of treatment related to decision regret, (2) the level of decision regret, and (3) factors associated with decision regret.

Design: Integrative review.

Methods: Studies published between January 2000 and December 2023 were searched from five online databases to provide up-to-date evidence.

Bridging Experience and Practice: A Grounded Theory Study of Nurses' Hospitalisation Experiences as Patients or Family Members.

Aims: This study aimed to develop a grounded theory that explains how nurses' experiences as patients or family members influence their provision of patient-centred care.

Design: A grounded theory approach.

Methods: Twenty clinical nurses in South Korea participated; nine had experiences as patients and 11 as family members during hospitalisation.

Evaluation of physicochemical property changes in 3D-printed biodegradable medical devices under simulated oral physiological conditions.

Biodegradable medical devices undergo degradation following implantation, potentially leading to clinical failure. Consequently, it is necessary to assess the change in their properties post-implantation. However, a standardized method for the precise evaluation of the changes in their physicochemical properties is currently lacking.

Effect of remimazolam on intraoperative hemodynamic stability in patients undergoing cerebrovascular bypass surgery: a prospective randomized controlled trial.

Background: Maintenance of stable blood pressure (BP) during cerebrovascular bypass surgery is crucial to prevent cerebral ischemia. We compared the effect of remimazolam anesthesia with that of propofol-induced and desflurane-maintained anesthesia on intraoperative hemodynamic stability and the need for vasoactive agents in patients undergoing cerebrovascular bypass surgery.

Methods: Sixty-five patients were randomized into remimazolam (n = 31, remimazolam-based intravenous anesthesia) and control groups (n = 34, propofol-induced and desflurane-maintained anesthesia).

The fibronectin-targeting PEG-FUD imaging probe shows enhanced uptake during fibrogenesis in experimental lung fibrosis.

Progressive forms of interstitial lung diseases, including idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), are deadly disorders lacking non-invasive biomarkers for assessment of early disease activity, which presents a major obstacle in disease management. Excessive extracellular matrix (ECM) deposition is a hallmark of these disorders, with fibronectin being an abundant ECM glycoprotein that is highly upregulated in early fibrosis and serves as a scaffold for the deposition of other matrix proteins. Due to its role in active fibrosis, we are targeting fibronectin as a biomarker of early lung fibrosis disease activity via the PEGylated fibronectin-binding polypeptide (PEG-FUD).

Demographic disparities in access to COVID-19 clinical trial sites across the United States: a geospatial analysis.

Throughout the COVID-19 pandemic, underserved populations, such as racial and ethnic minority communities, were disproportionately impacted by illness and death. Ensuring people from diverse backgrounds have the ability to participate in clinical trials is key to advancing health equity. We sought to analyze the spatial variability in locations of COVID-19 trials sites and to test associations with demographic correlates.