Assessment of a Stream Gauge Network Using Upstream and Downstream Runoff Characteristics and Entropy.

A method for constructing a stream gauge network that reflects upstream and downstream runoff characteristics is assessed. For the construction of an optimal stream gauge network, we develop representative unit hydrographs that reflect such characteristics based on actual rainfall-runoff analysis. Then, the unit hydrographs are converted to probability density functions for application to entropy theory.

Optimization of pressure gauge locations for water distribution systems using entropy theory.

It is essential to select the optimal pressure gauge location for effective management and maintenance of water distribution systems. This study proposes an objective and quantified standard for selecting the optimal pressure gauge location by defining the pressure change at other nodes as a result of demand change at a specific node using entropy theory. Two cases are considered in terms of demand change: that in which demand at all nodes shows peak load by using a peak factor and that comprising the demand change of the normal distribution whose average is the base demand.

Estimation of sediments in urban drainage areas and relation analysis between sediments and inundation risk using GIS.

Sediments entering the sewer in urban areas reduce the conveyance in sewer pipes, which increases inundation risk. To estimate sediment yields, individual landuse areas in each sub-basin should be obtained. However, because of the complex nature of an urban area, this is almost impossible to obtain manually.