Oncogenic Osteomalacia: Challenges in Diagnosis.

To report a case of osteomalacia induced by a mesenchymal tumour in the head and neck region, in view of its rarity and classical late diagnosis. To review the literature on the usage of fluorodeoxyglucose-positron emission tomography-computed tomography (FDG PET-CT) and octreotide scanning in the localisation of the culprit tumour. An elderly male presented with a 7-year history of chronic muscle pain and weakness, to the extent of functional disability.

An Interesting Case of Thyrotoxicosis.

Ectopic thyroid tissue can be present in the embryonal path of descent of the thyroglossal duct anywhere from the foramen caecum to the thyroid gland. However, for such ectopic thyroid tissue to be hyperfunctioning is quite rare. Here, we discuss a 56-year-old female patient who presented with persistent thyrotoxicosis for over 7 years.

Multimodal Imaging and Visual Evoked Potentials Reveal Key Structural and Functional Features That Distinguish Symptomatic From Presymptomatic Huntington's Disease Brain.

Background: Huntington's disease (HD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder characterized by motor, cognitive, and psychiatric abnormalities. Currently, matched analyses of structural and functional differences in the brain from the same study cohort and, specifically, in HD patients from an ethnically diverse Indian population are lacking. Such findings aid in identifying noninvasive and sensitive imaging biomarkers.

Melioidosis Presenting as Septic Arthritis: The Role of F-18 Fludeoxyglucose Positron Emission Tomography/Computed Tomography in Diagnosis and Management.

Melioidosis, caused by the soil saprophyte , is a great mimicker. With its wide variety of presentations which are often nonspecific, a good clinical suspicion is required for the timely diagnosis of the disease. F-18 fludeoxyglucose (FDG) positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) has a well-established role in the diagnosis and management of various infective diseases.

Radio-guided Minimally Invasive Parathyroidectomy: A Descriptive Report of the Experience from Tertiary Center in Bangalore.

Overview: Minimally invasive parathyroidectomy (MIP) is an accepted surgical procedure for parathyroid adenomas. In the patients with parathyroid adenoma localized by dual phase Tc-Sestamibi scan, a focused approach utilizing the gamma probe intra-operatively helps in ensuring complete resection and avoiding exploration of the other parathyroid glands.

Objective: The aim of the study was to evaluate the performance of radio-guided MIP for parathyroid adenomas detected by dual phase Tc-MIBI preoperatively, without intra-operative parathyroid hormone (ioPTH) monitoring for patients who had evidence of single-gland disease.

Brain perfusion single photon emission computed tomography abnormalities in patients with minimal hepatic encephalopathy.

Background: Minimal hepatic encephalopathy (MHE) is the mildest form of hepatic encephalopathy (HE). Minimal hepatic encephalopathy patients do not demonstrate clinically overt symptoms of HE but present with abnormal neuropsychological and/or neurophysiological tests indicative of cerebral dysfunction. This study was performed in such patients to identify regions of abnormal cerebral perfusion and to correlate regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) changes with psychometric hepatic encephalopathy score (PHES), Child-Turcotte-Pugh's score (CTP), and model for end-stage liver disease (MELD) score.

Tc99m-ECD brain SPECT in patients with Moyamoya disease: A reflection of cerebral perfusion status at tissue level in the disease process.

Background: Moyamoya disease is a rare, progressive cerebrovascular disorder caused by intracranial stenosis of the circle of Willis, resulting in successive ischemic events. Computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) play a major role in diagnosis.

Objective: The aim of the study was to describe the spectrum of findings on brain SPECT in patients with Moyamoya disease and to compare the findings with other investigations.

Fourier phase analysis on equilibrium gated radionuclide ventriculography: Range of phase spread and cut-off limits in normal individuals.

Aim: To define the range of phase spread on equilibrium gated radionuclide ventriculography (ERNV) in normal individuals and derive the cut-off limit for the parameters to detect cardiac dyssynchrony.

Materials And Methods: ERNV was carried out in 30 individuals (age 53±23 years, 25 males and 5 females) who had no history of cardiovascular disease. They all had normal left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF 55-70%) as determined by echocardiography, were in sinus rhythm, with normal QRS duration (≤120 msec) and normal coronary angiography.

Role of Tc99m sulfur colloid scintigraphy in differentiating non-cirrhotic portal fibrosis from cirrhosis liver.

Background: Two most important causes of portal hypertension are cirrhosis of liver and non-cirrhotic portal fibrosis (NCPF). The purpose of this study was to assess the scintigraphic appearances of Tc99m sulfur colloid liver scan in differentiating liver cirrhosis from NCPF.

Materials And Methods: Retrospective analysis records of 146 patients (91 male and 55 female) with diffuse hepatocellular disease was done for liver size, liver uptake, spleen size, spleen uptake, colloid shift to bone marrow and lungs.

Pertechnetate SPECT-CT in corrosive gastric injury.

We report a 24-year-old woman with corrosive poisoning who was subjected to pertechnetate scintigraphy to evaluate gastric injury. Fusion imaging (SPECT-CT) provided valuable information regarding viability of gastric mucosa, and it helped guide appropriate management.

Potential diagnostic role of renal scintigraphy in the management of patients with high anorectal malformation.

Urological problems are the leading associated anomalies in patients with anorectal malformation (ARM). In this study, we evaluated the role of scintigraphy in managing patients with high ARM. The records of infants with urologic anomalies on abdominal ultrasound and referred for scintigraphic evaluation were retrospectively analyzed.

Efficacy of indigenously developed single vial kit preparation of 99mTc-ciprofloxacin in the detection of bacterial infection: an Indian experience.

Objective: To investigate the diagnostic efficacy of indigenously developed single vial kit preparation of Tc-ciprofloxacin (Diagnobact) for the detection of orthopedic infections.

Methods: Seventy-seven patients [25 with clinical suspicion of diabetic foot osteomyelitis (DFOM), 25 with orthopedic device-related infection (ODRI) and 27 with tubercular bone infection] underwent three-phase Tc-methylenediphosphonate bone scintigraphy followed by static Tc-ciprofloxacin imaging at 1, 4 and 24 h. Imaging (anterior and posterior views) was performed under a dual-head gamma-camera using a low-energy, high-resolution, parallel-hole collimator.

Hepatobiliary scintigraphy in management of bile leaks in patients with blunt abdominal trauma.

Background: Hepatobiliary scintigraphy (HBS) is a useful diagnostic tool in detecting the presence and site of bile leaks.

Methods: We present a retrospective analysis of HBS carried out in 35 patients with blunt abdominal trauma over a period of 5 years from 2001 to 2006.

Results: Twenty-three of 35 patients with blunt abdominal trauma had localized bile leaks and were managed conservatively.