Failure of human immunodeficiency virus enzyme immunoassay to rule out infection among polymerase chain reaction-negative Vietnamese infants at 12 months of age.

Background: : Previous studies have demonstrated that >90% of HIV-uninfected infants serorevert, as seen in the results of enzyme immunoassay (EIA) testing by 12 months of age, making it feasible to confirm or rule out infection. We assessed the reliability of EIA in a cohort of Vietnamese infants.

Methods: : HIV-exposed, uninfected infants enrolled in a parent diagnostic and monitoring study from February 2005 through August 2006 were eligible for inclusion in a prospective cohort study of HIV-EIA performance.