Skeletal Findings Consistent with Signs of Rigorous Jewish Religious Practice in Four Skeletons from Qumran (Near-East), First-Century CE.

Anthropological and palaeopathological examination of four male skeletons from Qumran (Near-East) revealed skeletal lesions that may be linked to an intense practice of traditional Jewish rituals within this hyper-religious community of the first-century CE: chronic inflammation of the external auditory canals linked to frequent immersion in sacred baths (mikvah), and osteo-articular lesions following intense and repeated genuflection and anteflexion of the trunk.

Intergenerational transmission of physical abuse, probability of conviction, and laws against abuse in Tunisia.

Background: A robust research literature suggests that parents victimized by physical abuse in childhood are more likely to physically abuse their own children. However, no research has examined whether the existence of a law against maltreatment may mitigate intergenerational transmission effects.

Objectives: This study examines the association between parents' childhood physical victimization and later very severe physical abuse on their children and explores the effect of laws against maltreatment on intergenerational transmission of physical abuse in Tunisia, using knowledge of the existence of a law against child abuse as a proxy.

Protective and Promotive Factors in Migrant and Refugee Children Facing Violence: A Systematic Review.

Migrant and refugee children are at risk of experiencing various forms of violence before, during, or after migration. This study systematically identifies, reviews, and synthesizes evidence on protective and promotive factors that contribute to the resilience of migrant and refugee children facing violence. Of the 3,663 articles identified through search in five electronic databases and snowball technique, 31 quantitative or qualitative research studies met the inclusion criteria.

Lost and Found: Misdiagnosis of AIDS-Related Bone Marrow Suppression As Neutropenic Fever and Benign Ethnic Neutropenia in a Patient With Congenital HIV.

Neutropenia is a relatively uncommon but notable secondary effect of HIV infection. While the various hematopoietic effects of HIV and AIDS are well-described in the literature, high-quality evidence directly linking neutropenia with mortality in HIV-infected patients remains limited. The multifactorial etiology of neutropenia complicates its diagnosis, particularly when it occurs secondary to HIV.

A Case Report on a Hybrid Approach to Managing Acute Large Bowel Obstruction Secondary to Spigelian Hernia.

Spigelian hernias are an uncommon type of primary ventral hernia and are defined as a defect in the Spigelian aponeurosis (fascia). Herein, we present an uncommon case of Spigelian hernia to highlight the potential complications of these hernias and the need for surgical management. This is a case report of an 86-year-old gentleman presenting post-fall with an acute rib fracture and an incidental Spigelian hernia seen on a CT trauma pan scan.

Social Norms and Family Child Labor: A Systematic Literature Review.

Background: Research has established the family as the predominant context for child labor practices. Decisions to involve children in child labor within the family or by a family member (herein family child labor) is strongly motivated by cultural beliefs that normalize child labor. This systematic review sought to synthesize evidence on the social norms that support child labor practices, and the normative interpretation of international child labor legislation/standards.

Therapeutic duplication on the general surgical wards.

Therapeutic duplication is the practice of prescribing multiple medications for the same indication or purpose without a clear distinction of when one agent should be administered over another. This is a problem that occurs frequently, especially on electronic prescribing records (EPR) as the medication chart is not always reviewed before prescribing. The aim of this Quality Improvement Project (QIP) was to reduce therapeutic duplication to 0% through educating the general surgical team.

Is it Possible to Predict Non Sentinel Node Positivity on the Basis of mRNA Copy Numbers of CK19 Receptor in Breast Cancer?

Aims: To determine if there is any correlation between the number of positive non-sentinel lymph nodes (NSLN) and the mRNA copy numbers of cytokeratin 19 receptor on one step nucleic acid amplification (OSNA) in the sentinel lymph node (SLN).

Methods: An 8-year retrospective study of consecutive patients who had primary surgery and sentinel node biopsy for breast cancer from January 2011 to December 2018 was carried out. All these patients had intra-operative analysis of sentinel lymph nodes by OSNA.

Inspiratory-resistive loading increases the ventilatory response to arousal but does not reduce genioglossus muscle activity on the return to sleep.

Arousals from sleep are thought to predispose to obstructive sleep apnea by causing hyperventilation and hypocapnia, which reduce airway dilator muscle activity on the return to sleep. However, prior studies of auditory arousals have not resulted in reduced genioglossus muscle activity [GG-electromyogram (EMG)], potentially because airway resistance prior to arousal was low, leading to a small ventilatory response to arousal and minimal hypocapnia. Thus we aimed to increase the ventilatory response to arousal by resistive loading prior to auditory arousal and determine whether reduced GG-EMG occurred on the return to sleep.

Laryngohyoid and cervical vertebra lesions after a fall from a low height.

The aim of this study was to determine the frequency and nature of cervical trauma in the case of low-height falls (up to 2.50 m). A retrospective study was carried out on 114 autopsy cases that died after low-height falls.

MR diffusion tensor imaging and fiber tracking in inflammatory diseases of the spinal cord.

Purpose: Our aim was to study the fractional anisotropy (FA) variations and the fiber tracking (FT) patterns observed in patients with myelitis.

Material And Methods: Fifteen patients with symptomatic myelitis and 11 healthy subjects were prospectively selected. We performed T2-weighted and diffusion tensor imaging on a 1.

Brain MR diffusion tensor imaging and fibre tracking to differentiate between two diffuse axonal injuries.

We report here two cases of diffuse axonal injury (DAI) studied by MR diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) and fibre tracking (FT) focused on the corpus callosum. In one case, DTI and FT pattern matched the diagnosis of broken white matter tracts. In the other case there was a discrepancy between DTI and FT data that showed unaltered white matter tracts with the presence of intra-cellular oedema.