Regular exercise suppresses steatosis-associated liver cancer development by degrading E2F1 and c-Myc via circadian gene upregulation.

Regular exercise is believed to suppress cancer progression. However, the precise molecular mechanisms by which exercise prevents cancer development remain unclear. In this study, using a steatosis-associated liver cancer mouse model, we found that regular exercise at a speed of 18 m/min for 20 min daily suppressed liver cancer development.

Kinetics of cardiovascular and inflammatory biomarkers in paediatric dengue shock syndrome.

Glycocalyx disruption and hyperinflammatory responses are implicated in the pathogenesis of dengue-associated vascular leak, however little is known about their association with clinical outcomes of patients with dengue shock syndrome (DSS). We investigated the association of vascular and inflammatory biomarkers with clinical outcomes and their correlations with clinical markers of vascular leakage. We performed a prospective cohort study in Viet Nam.

Secondary metabolites from marine fungus Penicillium chrysogenum VH17 and their antimicrobial and cytotoxic potential.

One new compound, methyl 3-((1-((2-carbamoylphenyl)amino)-1-oxopropan-2-yl)amino)-3-oxopropanoate (1), along with 9 known secondary metabolites (2-10) were isolated and elucidated chemical structures from the methanol extract of the marine-derived fungus Penicillium chrysogenum VH17. Subsequent bioassays showed the antimicrobial and cytotoxic potential of the isolated compounds. All compounds 1-10 displayed antimicrobial effects against at least one tested reference microorganism with MIC values ranging from 32 to 256 µg mL-1.

Towards a machine-learning assisted non-invasive classification of dengue severity using wearable PPG data: a prospective clinical study.

Background: Dengue epidemics impose considerable strain on healthcare resources. Real-time continuous and non-invasive monitoring of patients admitted to the hospital could lead to improved care and outcomes. We evaluated the performance of a commercially available wearable (SmartCare) utilising photoplethysmography (PPG) to stratify clinical risk for a cohort of hospitalised patients with dengue in Vietnam.

Oral Microbial Profile Analysis in Patients with Oral and Pharyngeal Cancer Reveals That Tumoral Promotes Oral Cancer Progression by Activating YAP.

The incidence of oral cancer has recently been increasing worldwide, particularly among young individuals and women. The primary risk factors for head and neck cancers, including oral and pharyngeal cancers, are smoking, alcohol consumption, poor oral hygiene, and repeated exposure to mechanical stimuli. However, approximately one-third of the patients with oral and pharyngeal cancers are neither smokers nor drinkers, which points to the existence of other mechanisms.

Optimizing daylight in west-facing facades for LEED V4.1 compliance using metaheuristic approach.

This study introduces an optimized design approach for west-facing room façades to improve daylighting while adhering to LEED v4.1 sustainability criteria. Employing parametric modeling, metaheuristic optimization, and validated daylight simulations, the research highlights the African Vulture Optimization Algorithm's success in achieving 100% LEED compliance and superior performance over random models in daylight sufficiency and glare reduction.

Antimicrobial and Cytotoxic Secondary Metabolites from a Marine-Derived Fungus Penicillium Citrinum VM6.

Investigation of an antimicrobial and cytotoxic ethyl acetate extract prepared from solid fermentation of the marine-derived fungus Penicillium citrinum VM6 led to the isolation of eight metabolites (1-8), including one citrinin dimer dicitrinone F (1). Of these, compound 7 was isolated for the first time from the Penicillium genus and compound 1 with carbon-bridged C-7/C-7' linkage is rarely reported. All compounds (1-8) exhibited selective antimicrobial activity against the tested Gram-positive bacteria and Candida albicans with MICs of 32-256 µg/mL.

A Pair of Undescribed Alkaloid Enantiomers from Marine Sponge-Derived Fungus Hamigera avellanea and Their Antimicrobial and Cytotoxic Activities.

From marine sponge-associated fungus Hamigera avellanea, thirteen secondary metabolites including a pair of undescribed alkaloid enantiomers (+)-hamiavemin A (4S) (+)-1 and (-)-hamiavemin A (4R) (-)-1. Compound 1 was enantiomers resolved by the Chiralpak AS-3 column, using a hexane/isopropanol mobile phase. Their structures were determined based on extensive analyses of HR-ESI-MS, 1D and 2D NMR spectra.

Labdane- diterpenoids and sesquiterpenes from and their nitric oxide inhibitory activity in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated RAW264.7 macrophages.

One new labdane- diterpenoid, 3,15-dihydroxylabda-8(17),12-dien-16,15-olide () named curcumatin and twelve known compounds, coronarin D (), isocoronarin D (), ()-labda-8(17),12-diene-15,16-dial (), zerumin A (), ()-labda-8(17),12-dien-15,16-dioic acid (), furanodiene (), linderazulene (), zedoarol (), zedoarondiol (), germacrone-1,10-epoxide (), germacrone-4,5-epoxide (), and zingiberenol () were isolated from the ethanol extract of the roots of Salisb. Their structures were elucidated by 1D-, 2D-NMR spectroscopic analysis, HR-ESI-MS, and comparing with the NMR data reported in the literature. Compounds , , and significantly inhibited the nitric oxide production effect in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.

Transformation Chlorophyll a of to Chlorin e6 Derivatives and Several Applications.

Background: Spirulina platensis contains a large amount of chlorophylls, chlorophyll a, that are starting materials to synthesize functionalized chlorins. Chlorin e6 (Ce6) as well as its derivatives are second generation sensitizers using in photodynamic therapy (PDT) of various cancers. In this study, we transfer chlorophyll a of S.

Association of N-acetyltransferase-2 and glutathione S-transferase polymorphisms with idiopathic male infertility in Vietnam male subjects.

N-acetyltransferase-2 (NAT2) and Glutathione S-transferases (GSTs) are phase-II xenobiotic metabolizing enzymes participating in detoxification of toxic arylamines, aromatic amines, hydrazines and reactive oxygen species (ROS), which are produced under oxidative and electrophile stresses. The purpose of this research was to investigate whether two common single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) of NAT2 (rs1799929, rs1799930) and GSTP1 (rs1138272, rs1695) associated with susceptibility to idiopathic male infertility. A total 300 DNA samples (150 infertile patients and 150 healthy control) were genotyped for the polymorphisms by ARMS - PCR.

Self-Optimized Biological Channels in Facilitating the Transmembrane Movement of Charged Molecules.

We consider an anisotropically two-dimensional diffusion of a charged molecule (particle) through a large biological channel under an external voltage. The channel is modeled as a cylinder of three structure parameters: radius, length, and surface density of negative charges located at the channel interior-lining. These charges induce inside the channel a potential that plays a key role in controlling the particle current through the channel.

Topical delivery of dexamethasone acetate from hydrogel containing nanostructured liquid carriers and the drug.

The potential of hydrogel containing nanostructured lipid carriers (NLC) to enhance the skin permeation rate and skin deposition of dexamethasone acetate (DEA) was investigated. The particle size of obtained NLCs was around 224.4 nm.

Gynostemma pentaphyllum Tea Improves Insulin Sensitivity in Type 2 Diabetic Patients.

Aims. To evaluate the effect of the traditional Vietnamese herb Gynostemma pentaphyllum tea on insulin sensitivity in drug-naïve type 2 diabetic patients. Methods.

Antidiabetic Effects of Add-On Gynostemma pentaphyllum Extract Therapy with Sulfonylureas in Type 2 Diabetic Patients.

Aims. To investigate the antidiabetic effect of the traditional Vietnamese herb Gynostemma pentaphyllum (GP) together with sulfonylurea (SU) in 25 drug-naïve type 2 diabetic patients. Methods.

Herbal extract of gynostemma pentaphyllum decreases hepatic glucose output in type 2 diabetic goto-kakizaki rats.

The aim of the study was to explore the effect of Gynostemma pentaphyllum (GP) extract on hepatic glucose output (HGO) in spontaneously type 2 diabetic Goto-Kakizaki (GK) rats treated orally with GP or placebo extract 1600 mg/kg daily, during three days or three weeks. The three-week treatment of GP, but not three-day treatment, significantly reduced plasma glucose (PG) levels from 9.8 ± 0.

New pyrano-pyrone from Goniothalamus tamirensis enhances the proliferation and differentiation of osteoblastic MC3T3-E1 cells.

The new pyrano-pyrone, (+)-8-epi-9-deoxygoniopypyrone (1) and (+)-9-deoxygoniopypyrone (2) were isolated from a chloroform extract of Goniothalamus tamirensis leaves. Their absolute stereostructures were discussed and confirmed by using infrared (IR), Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (FT-ICR-MS), one (1D) and two-dimensional (2D) nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectra, Mosher's method, and comparison with the known compounds leiocapin A (3), deoxygoniopypyrone A (4), and (-)-8-epi-9-deoxygoniopypyrone (5). At concentrations of 2.

Antidiabetic effect of Gynostemma pentaphyllum tea in randomly assigned type 2 diabetic patients.

The aim of the study was to investigate the antidiabetic effect of the traditional Vietnamese herb Gynostemma pentaphyllum in 24 drug-naïve type 2 diabetic patients. All patients were randomized to authenticated Gynostemma pentaphyllum tea or placebo tea, 6 g daily, during twelve weeks and received information regarding diet and exercise. Fasting plasma glucose, insulin levels, and glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA(1C)) were measured before, during, and after the treatment.

Intrapleural injection of elastase: a model for inducing subpleural emphysema?

Subpleural emphysema induction was attempted by injecting elastase intrapleurally into rats and cats. Microscopic evaluation of emphysema (alveolar dilation and septal rupture) was compared with a quantification of alveolar dilation (Fawell-Newman method). The emphysema found in animals treated with an intrapleural injection of porcine pancreatic elastase did not appear to be specifically located in a subpleural zone, and was identical to the focal emphysema induced by an enzyme instillation into the airways.

[Pulmonary emphysema induced by elastase: influence of the dose and effect of added collagenase].

The endotracheal deposition of pancreatic porcine elastase (EPP) at 40 u X kg-1 body weight provokes a typical pulmonary emphysema (alveoli disruption) in rats. This emphysema is significant (p less than 0.001) when quantitatively compared to a placebo (100% increase of the mean linear intercept, ILM).

[Attempt to induce, in the rat, a hepatitis of cirrhotic origin, using amino steroids: holaphyllaminol or amino 3-beta hydroxy-20-beta pregnene-5].

Holaphyllaminol, or Amino-3 beta-Hydroxy-20-beta Pregnene-5, was administered by gastric tube to male Wistar rats at dose of 50, 100 and 200 mg/kg/24 hr respectively, during 10, 20, 40 and 80 days. This substance provokes hepatic lesions beginning at the periportal region, the characteristics of which are a cholestasis, a canalar proliferation and a fibrosis. The interest of these alterations lies in the fact that they present the same features as certain human chronic hepatitis; their progression, a function of the dose of the toxin and the duration of treatment, may make possible to realisation of a model of experimental chronic hepatitis.