Background: The advent of digital nephropathology offers the potential to integrate deep learning algorithms into the diagnostic workflow. We introduce PICASO, a novel permutation-invariant set operator to dynamically aggregate histopathologic features from instances. We applied PICASO to two nephropathology scenarios: detecting active crescent lesions in sets of glomerular crops with IgA nephropathy and case-level classification for antibody-mediated rejection (AMR) in kidney transplant.
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