Endoscopic characteristics and performance of WASP classification in the diagnosis of colorectal sessile-serrated lesions in Vietnamese patients.

Background/aims: Sessile-serrated lesions (SSLs) are challenging to detect due to their typically subtle appearance. The Workgroup serrAted polypS and Polyposis (WASP) classification was developed to diagnose SSLs endoscopically. This study aimed to evaluate the endoscopic characteristics of SSLs and the performance of the WASP classification in the Vietnamese population.

Implementing narrow banding imaging with dual focus magnification for histological prediction of small rectosigmoid polyps in Vietnamese setting.

Background And Aim: Small rectosigmoid colorectal polyps (<10 mm) are prevalent, with a low prevalence of advanced neoplastic lesions. The "diagnose-and-leave" strategy, employing narrow band imaging (NBI), is gaining popularity for its safety and cost-effectiveness by reducing polypectomy complications and minimizing histopathology expenses. This study assessed the diagnostic efficacy of NBI with dual focus (DF) magnification for real-time neoplastic prediction of rectosigmoid polyps and explored the feasibility of implementing this strategy in Vietnam.

Effectiveness of Dual-Focus Magnification on Confidence Levels in Optical Diagnosis of Small Colorectal Polyps.

Background and objectives Achieving accurate real-time optical diagnoses of colorectal polyps with high-confidence predictions is crucial for appropriate decision-making in daily practice. The dual-focus (DF) magnification mode helps endoscopists scrutinize subtle features of polyp surfaces and vessel patterns. This prospective study aimed to evaluate the impact of DF imaging on enhancing the rate of high-confidence narrow-band imaging (NBI)-based optical diagnosis.

Endoscopic Kyoto and Kimura-Takemoto Classifications Are Comparable in Predicting High-Risk Gastric Precancerous Lesions.

Introduction: Severe and extensive gastric atrophy, extensive or incomplete gastric intestinal metaplasia, and gastric dysplasia are considered high-risk gastric precancerous lesions (HGPLs). Endoscopic findings based on the endoscopic Kyoto classification (EKC) and the Kimura-Takemoto classification (KTC) have been reported to be significantly associated with HGPLs. This study aimed to compare these two classifications in predicting active Helicobacter pylori (H.

Utility of narrow-band imaging with or without dual focus magnification in neoplastic prediction of small colorectal polyps: a Vietnamese experience.

Background/aims: Accurate neoplastic prediction can significantly decrease costs associated with pathology and unnecessary colorectal polypectomies. Narrow band imaging (NBI) and dual-focus (DF) mode are promising emerging optical technologies for recognizing neoplastic features of colorectal polyps digitally. This study aimed to clarify the clinical usefulness of NBI with and without DF assistance in the neoplastic prediction of small colorectal polyps (<10 mm).

Performance of chromoendoscopy and narrow-band imaging in the diagnosis of gastric intestinal metaplasia.

Background/aims: Chromoendoscopy and narrow-band imaging (NBI) have been reported to aid in the diagnosis of gastric intestinal metaplasia (GIM). This study aimed to assess the diagnostic validity of chromoendoscopy combined with NBI in the diagnosis of GIM in Vietnamese.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out on patients with dyspeptic symptoms who underwent esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) at the University Medical Center at Ho Chi Minh City.

Effects of autophagy inhibition by chloroquine on hepatic stellate cell activation in CCl4-induced acute liver injury mouse model.

Background And Aim: Hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) activation, a critical event in liver fibrosis, has been recently shown to be related to autophagy. Determine whether chloroquine (CQ) could affect (i) the activation of HSC in vivo and (ii) the hepatic damage in a mice acute liver injury model.

Methods: The acute liver injury was induced in BALB/c mice by carbon tetrachloride (CCl group); 24 h before and after CCl administration animals were treated by CQ (CCl  + CQ group).

Clinical characteristics and risk factors of gastroesophageal reflux disease in Vietnamese patients with upper gastrointestinal symptoms undergoing esophagogastroduodenoscopy.

Background And Aim: The risk factors associated with the increase in prevalence of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) are not consistent across countries and there have been few studies in Asia in the past 10 years. This study was conducted to assess the features and risk factors of GERD in Vietnamese patients.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 1947 out-patients ≥18 years of age who were presented with upper gastrointestinal symptoms and underwent esophagogastroduodenoscopy.

Prevalence, clinical characteristics, and risk factors of Barrett esophagus in Vietnamese patients with upper gastrointestinal symptoms.

The current barrier for investigation of Barrett esophagus (BE) in Asia is diagnostic standardization, which is a challenge to identify its true risk factors. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence, clinical characteristics and risk factors of BE in Vietnamese patients with upper gastrointestinal symptoms.A cross-sectional study was conducted on consecutive outpatients who underwent upper gastrointestinal endoscopy.

Use of endoscopic assessment of gastric atrophy for gastric cancer risk stratification to reduce the need for gastric mapping.

Stratification for gastric cancer risk typically involves histologic grading of gastric biopsies. This study aimed to compare endoscopic assessment of gastric atrophy and histologic gastric mapping for gastric cancer risk stratification in a region with relatively high risk of gastric cancer. Endoscopic and histologic gastric cancer risk stratification were compared in Vietnamese patients with functional dyspepsia.

The Distribution of Incomplete Gastric Intestinal Metaplasia (GIM) Subtype among Biopsy Sites according to the Updated Sydney System and Its Association with GIM Extension.

Background: Current guidelines recommend that extensive gastric intestinal metaplasia (GIM) be considered as a high-risk marker for the development of gastric cancer (GC). But there is emerging evidence that the incomplete GIM subtype is also a high-risk marker.

Aims: To evaluate the performance of biopsy sites according to the updated Sydney system on detecting the incomplete GIM subtype and to assess its association with GIM extension.

Multimode smartphone biosensing: the transmission, reflection, and intensity spectral (TRI)-analyzer.

We demonstrate a smartphone-integrated handheld detection instrument capable of utilizing the internal rear-facing camera as a high-resolution spectrometer for measuring the colorimetric absorption spectrum, fluorescence emission spectrum, and resonant reflection spectrum from a microfluidic cartridge inserted into the measurement light path. Under user selection, the instrument gathers light from either the white "flash" LED of the smartphone or an integrated green laser diode to direct illumination into a liquid test sample or onto a photonic crystal biosensor. Light emerging from each type of assay is gathered via optical fiber and passed through a diffraction grating placed directly over the smartphone camera to generate spectra from the assay when an image is collected.

Characterization of drug authenticity using thin-layer chromatography imaging with a mobile phone.

Thin-layer chromatography (TLC) has a myriad of separation applications in chemistry, biology, and pharmacology due to its simplicity and low cost. While benchtop laboratory sample application and detection systems for TLC provide accurate quantitation of TLC spot positions and densities, there are many applications where inexpensive and portable instruments would greatly expand the applicability of the technology. In this work, we demonstrate identity verification and concentration determination of pharmaceutical compounds via TLC using a custom 3D-printed cradle that interfaces with an ordinary mobile phone.

Comparison of the Treatment Efficiency of Bone Marrow-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cell Transplantation via Tail and Portal Veins in CCl4-Induced Mouse Liver Fibrosis.

Because of self-renewal, strong proliferation in vitro, abundant sources for isolation, and a high differentiation capacity, mesenchymal stem cells are suggested to be potentially therapeutic for liver fibrosis/cirrhosis. In this study, we evaluated the treatment effects of mouse bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs) on mouse liver cirrhosis induced by carbon tetrachloride. Portal and tail vein transplantations were examined to evaluate the effects of different injection routes on the liver cirrhosis model at 21 days after transplantation.

Interobserver and intraobserver agreement for gastric mucosa atrophy.

Background: The grade of gastric mucosa atrophy caused by Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection is closely associated with the risk of gastric cancer, especially of the intestinal type. Interobserver and intraobserver agreement for endoscopic gastric mucosa atrophy in subjects with H.

Differences in K-ras and mitochondrial DNA mutations and microsatellite instability between colorectal cancers of Vietnamese and Japanese patients.

Background: The incidence of early-onset (under 50 years of age) colorectal cancer (CRC) in the Vietnamese has been reported to be quite higher than that in the Japanese. To clarify the differences in genetic alterations between Vietnamese and Japanese CRCs, we investigated mutations in K-ras and mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) and high-frequency microsatellite instability (MSI-H) in the CRCs of Vietnamese and Japanese patients.

Methods: We enrolled 60 Vietnamese and 233 Japanese patients with invasive CRCs.

Relationship between endoscopic and histologic gastric atrophy and intestinal metaplasia.

Background: The severity of endoscopic gastric atrophy (EGA), high-stage Operative Link on Gastritis Assessment (OLGA) gastritis (i.e., stage III or IV), and extensive intestinal metaplasia (IM) with incomplete subtype have been separately reported as high-risk factors of gastric cancer (GC).

The severity of endoscopic gastric atrophy could help to predict Operative Link on Gastritis Assessment gastritis stage.

Background And Aims: The aims of the present study were to evaluate the role of moderate-to-severe endoscopic gastric atrophy (EGA) on predicting Operative Link on Gastritis Assessment (OLGA) gastritis stage, and to assess the association of high-stage OLGA gastritis with gastric neoplasia in patients with non-ulcer dyspepsia.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out on 280 dyspeptic outpatients. EGA was assessed according to the Kimura-Takemoto classification.