Persistent hiccup: A rare presentation of COVID-19.

Background: Hiccups are involuntary diaphragmatic muscle contractions with early glottis closure terminating inspiration. They are classified into two types: acute (<48 hours) and persistent (>48 hours). COVID-19 is the defining health crisis of our generation.

Preventing acute kidney injury and improving outcome in critically ill patients utilizing risk prediction score (PRAIOC-RISKS) study. A prospective controlled trial of AKI prevention.

Background: Acute kidney injury (AKI) has significant impact on mortality and morbidity in critically ill patients.

Methods: A prospective controlled interventional pilot study composed of observation and intervention arms was run at two different Intensive care unit (ICU) sites. A recently validated risk prediction score was used to predict the AKI in critically ill patients at high risk of developing AKI.

Design and Synthesis of New 1,3,4-Oxadiazole - Benzothiazole and Hydrazone Derivatives as Promising Chemotherapeutic Agents.

Looking for new cytotoxic and antimicrobial agents with improved antitumor activity, a series of hydrazide and oxadiazole derivatives were designed and synthesized using 3-methoxyphenol as starting substance. Novel N'-(arylidene)-2-(3-methoxyphenoxy)acetohydrazide derivatives ()/1-(4-substitutedphenyl)-2-[(5-[(3-methoxyphenoxy)methyl]-1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-yl)thio]ethan-1-one derivatives ()/N-(6-substitutedbenzothiazol-2-yl)-2-[(5-[(3-methoxyphenoxy)methyl]-1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-yl)thio]acetamide derivatives () were obtained and evaluated for their in vitro antimicrobial activity against various gram-positive, gram-negative bacteria and fungi. The antimicrobial activity potential of the compounds against gram-negative bacteria was found to have higher compared to the potential against gram-positive bacteria.

Evaluation of the biological activity of novel monocationic fluoroaryl-2,2'-bichalcophenes and their analogues.

A series of bichalcophene fluorobenzamidines 5a-e was synthesized from the corresponding mononitriles 4a-e via a direct reaction with lithium bis(trimethylsilyl)amide LiN(TMS)2 followed by de-protection with ethanolic HCl (gas). Bichalcophene fluorobenzonitriles 4a-e were prepared adopting a Stille coupling reaction between the bromo compounds 3a-c and 2-(tri-n-butylstannyl)furan or analogues. As an approach to drug discovery, the structure-antimutagenicity relationship of novel fluoroarylbichalcophenes was examined using the Ames Salmonella/microsomal assay.

Characterization of a sodium dodecyl sulphate-degrading Pseudomonas sp. strain DRY15 from Antarctic soil.

A bacterium capable of biodegrading surfactant sodium dodecyl sulphate (SDS) was isolated from Antarctic soil. The isolate was tentatively identified as Pseudomonas sp. strain DRY15 based on carbon utilization profiles using Biolog GN plates and partial 16S rDNA molecular phylogeny.

The Conyza triloba extracts with high chlorophyll content and free radical scavenging activity had anticancer activity in cell lines.

The discovery of anticancer agents paradigm has been shifted to natural resources to overcome the toxicity of many synthetic agents at early clinical stages. In the present study, the antimutagenic, anticancer, phytochemistry, and free radical scavenging activities of five extracts of Conyza triloba were investigated. Extracts II (water : methanol), III (methylene chloride), and IV (methylene chloride : methanol) had the highest chlorophyll content and the highest superoxide scavenging, and metal chelating activities comparable to that of trolox.

The position of imidazopyridine and metabolic activation are pivotal factors in the antimutagenic activity of novel imidazo[1,2-a]pyridine derivatives.

The antimutagenic activity of eight novel imidazo[1,2-a]pyridine derivatives (I-VIII) against sodium azide (NaN3) and benzo[a]pyrene (B[a]P) was evaluated using the Salmonella reverse mutation assay. At non-toxic concentrations (12.5-50 µM), imidazopyridines I, II, III, and V with a terminal imidazopyridine group were mutagenic, while derivatives VII and VIII with a central imidazopyridine group were not mutagenic.

Novel 4-substituted phenyl-2,2'-bichalcophenes and aza-analogs as antibacterial agents: a structural activity relationship.

Antibiotic resistance is a major health problem; therefore, new antibacterial agents will need to be continuously developed. A series of novel bichalcophenes has been tested and found to have antimicrobial activity against selected bacteria. Due to the promising antimicrobial effects of these 4-substituted phenyl bichalcophene derivatives, the study reported here was launched to examine the interaction between novel bichalcophenes and tetracycline.

Antimutagenic and antioxidant activity of novel 4-substituted phenyl-2,2'-bichalcophenes and aza-analogs.

Evaluation of the potential antimutagenic activities of new compounds by Ames assay has been of great interest for the development of novel therapeutics for many diseases including cancer. Ten novel bichalcophenes with in vitro and in vivo broad spectrum activities against various microbial strains were investigated throughout the present study for their cytotoxic, antioxidant, and antimutagenic potential in a Salmonella reverse mutation assay system against sodium azide (NaN(3)) and benzo[a]pyrene (B[a]P). At nontoxic concentrations, all bichalcophenes alone or in combination with NaN(3) (1 μg/plate) or B[a]P (20 μM) with S9 mix were not mutagenic.

Efficacy of two novel 2,2'-bifurans to inhibit methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus infection in male mice in comparison to vancomycin.

The therapeutic efficacy of two novel bifurans and vancomycin in an animal model of a methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) infection was compared. Adult male CF-1 mice (25-35 g) were intraperitoneally injected with 200 μL/mouse containing 10(7) cell-forming units of MRSA. After 16 hours, animals were treated with 110 mg/kg of vancomycin, or 5 mg/kg of mononitrile bifuran (1A) or monocationic bifuran (1B) and killed after 8 hours.

The antimutagenicity of 2-substituted selenazolidine-4-(R)-carboxylic acids.

Selenium can have cancer chemopreventive activity, although the mechanism of action has not been well defined. Selenazolidine-4-(R)-carboxylic acids (SCAs) were devised as prodrugs of L-selenocysteine, to provide selenium in a form and at a concentration commensurate with cancer chemopreventive activity. In the present study, a series of selenazolidines has been evaluated in the Salmonella typhimurium TA98 tester strain and all were found to possess antimutagenic activity.