Venous Thromboembolism Prophylaxis in Patients Treated for Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia: A Comprehensive Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is a common malignancy in children, often treated with intensive chemotherapy regimens. Venous thromboembolism (VTE) poses a significant risk during ALL treatment, leading to suboptimal outcomes. Thromboprophylaxis is crucial in mitigating this risk, but its efficacy and safety remain uncertain.

Subclinical left ventricular dysfunction and laboratory predictor of activity in children with ulcerative colitis: A single-centre study.

Aim: We aimed to detect subclinical cardiac impairment in children with ulcerative colitis (UC) and test the association between absolute monocytic count (AMC) and lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio (LMR) with disease activity.

Methods: A group of children with UC and a comparable group as healthy controls were included. All children underwent history-taking, clinical examination and blood testing for complete blood counts with white blood cell differentials, LMR and erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR).

Stone heart syndrome: A curious case of digoxin toxicity and calcium infusion.

Stone heart syndrome has a complex interaction with digoxin toxicity, where, theoretically, the administration of intravenous calcium can worsen a patient's condition. Research on this subject is conflicting, so it is imperative to approach it cautiously.

A Contemporary Review of Blood Transfusion in Critically Ill Patients.

Blood transfusion is a common therapeutic intervention in hospitalized patients. There are numerous indications for transfusion, including anemia and coagulopathy with deficiency of single or multiple coagulation components such as platelets or coagulation factors. Nevertheless, the practice of transfusion in critically ill patients has been controversial mainly due to a lack of evidence and the need to consider the appropriate clinical context for transfusion.

Endothelial Dysfunction Linked to Ventricular Dysfunction in Children With Sickle Cell Disease, a 3D Speckle Tracking Study.

Background: Sickle Cell Disease (SCD) is not a hematologic disease that occurs in isolation; it results in multi-organ complications. There is growing evidence of vascular stiffness as its underlying cause. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between endothelial stiffness and LV dysfunction in SCD patients and to explore its pathophysiology, particularly regarding the depletion of vasodilators such as Nitric Oxide (NO).

Laser debonding of ultrathin occlusal veneers fabricated from different CAD/CAM ceramic materials.

Background: Erbium lasers safely offer the possibility of reuse for debonded restorations. Since these lasers have a high affinity for water molecules, they are absorbed by resin cement causing explosive ablation of the cement and thus, the restoration debonds. The efficiency of this process depends on many factors, including the ceramic type, its chemical composition and thickness.

Interrogating the estrogen-mediated regulation of adrenocortical Klotho expression using ovariectomized albino rat model exposed to repeated restraint stress.

Reproductive aging is associated with altered stress response and many other menopausal symptoms. Little is known about the adrenal expression of the anti-aging protein Klotho or how it is modulated by estrogen in ovariectomized stressed rats. Fifty-six Wistar female rats were assigned into seven equal groups.

The Ethical Principles in Ethical Guidance Documents during the COVID-19 Pandemic in the United Kingdom and the Republic of Ireland: A Qualitative Systematic Review.

Background: The sudden onset of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic was accompanied by a myriad of ethical issues that prompted the issuing of various ethical guidance documents for health care professionals in clinical, research, and public health settings throughout the United Kingdom (UK) of Great Britain and Northern Ireland and the Republic of Ireland. The aim of this review was to identify the main principles in ethical guidance documents published in the UK and Ireland during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Methods: This review used a qualitative systematic review methodology with thematic synthesis to analyze the included ethics-related guidance documents, as defined in this review, published in the UK and Ireland from March 2020 through March 2022.

Medical School Curriculum Relating to Clinical Ethical Decision Making During a Pandemic: A Scoping Review.

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has demonstrated the need for medical students to be prepared to make adequate decisions during unique challenges presented during pandemics.

Objective: This review aims to provide a comprehensive look into the current global literature that discusses medical curricula on clinical ethical issues during a pandemic.

Methods: The scoping review methodology was divided into three stages.

Ethics sensitivity among dialysis nurses in Jazan region: A descriptive cross-sectional study.

Background: Ethical sensitivity is defined as paying attention to ethical ideals in a conflict situation and being conscious of one's own role and duty in that situation. One essential element of ethical conduct is the ability to recognize and respond to ethical dilemmas. Lack of or diminished ethical awareness is a breach of nursing's professional obligation since it can lead to morally incongruent treatment.

Plasmapheresis in the ICU.

Therapeutic plasma exchange (TPE) is a treatment paradigm used to remove harmful molecules from the body. In short, it is a technique that employs a process that functions partially outside the body and involves the replacement of the patient's plasma. It has been used in the ICU for a number of different disease states, for some as a first-line treatment modality and for others as a type of salvage therapy.

Prevalence of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease at a Tertiary Care Center in Saudi Arabia.

Objectives: To determine the prevalence of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in patients who received abdominal imaging and to assess the clinical and metabolic characteristics of NAFLD.

Methods: This is a retrospective study of 500 family medicine patients (aged 18 years and older) who completed abdominal imaging at King Faisal Specialist Hospital & Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, from January 2016 through June 2020.

Results: The patients enrolled had a mean age of 49.

The Impact of Continuity of Care on Health Indicators in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Family Medicine Clinics in Riyadh.

Background: Diabetes Mellitus Type 2 (DM2) is highly prevalent in Saudi Arabia, with many experiencing complications due to the disease. Family medicine physicians are usually the primary care providers responsible for the medical management of type 2 diabetes mellitus patients. Microvascular and macrovascular complications can occur if type 2 diabetes mellitus is poorly managed.

Color stability and marginal adaptation of ceramic veneers cemented using different composite resins.

Background: The purpose of this study was to compare the color stability and marginal adaption of lithium disilicate veneers before and after thermocycling using various resin composite materials employed as cement.

Methods: Laminate veneer preparation was done on an acrylic tooth according to standardized procedures. The veneer preparations were duplicated into twenty-one dies.

Assessment of the Effective Management of Patients With Severe Primary Hypercholesterolemia Under Care in Family Medicine Clinics at King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.

Background Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) is the primary cause of death in Saudi Arabia. Hypercholesterolemia is a prevalent risk factor that can lead to ASCVD. The American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association (ACC/AHA) guidelines have provided recommendations for managing severe primary hypercholesterolemia, defined as medically well adults 21-75 years of age with low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) ≥190 mg/dL (≥4.

Find new channel for overcoming chemoresistance in cancers: Role of stem cells-derived exosomal microRNAs.

Chemoresistance has remained a significant concern in tumor recurrence and elevated cancer-related mortalities. A deep insight into mechanisms by which cancerous cells resist administered drugs can pave the way to overcome chemotherapy-induced cell death and develop novel procedures to rescue patients. Regarding accumulated data, stem cell-derived exosomal microRNAs (miRNAs) can be deemed a novel and promising method to overcome chemoresistance.

Beneath the Skin: A Review of Current Trends and Future Prospects of Transdermal Drug Delivery Systems.

The ideal drug delivery system has a bioavailability comparable to parenteral dosage forms but is as convenient and easy to use for the patient as oral solid dosage forms. In recent years, there has been increased interest in transdermal drug delivery (TDD) as a non-invasive delivery approach that is generally regarded as being easy to administer to more vulnerable age groups, such as paediatric and geriatric patients, while avoiding certain bioavailability concerns that arise from oral drug delivery due to poor absorbability and metabolism concerns. However, despite its many merits, TDD remains restricted to a select few drugs.

Clinical and neurophysiological risk factors of learning disabilities in different types of idiopathic focal epilepsy.

Objectives: Academic difficulties are common in epileptic children. A learning disability (LD) is a reduction in the learning capacity of children or the intellectual ability of adults, which is different from mental retardation or dementia.

Materials & Methods: The participants were 56 patients, of whom 35 were males (62.

CRISPR-Cas9 and He Jiankui's Case: an Islamic Bioethics Review using and .

The discovery of clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR) and the CRISPR-mediated protein 9 (CRISPR-Cas9) immediately revealed numerous potential therapeutic applications. Although CRISPR-Cas9 will most likely be useful for addressing issues such as genetic diseases and related medical issues, use of this modality for germline modification generates complex ethical questions regarding the safety and efficacy, human genetic enhancement, and "designer" babies. In this article, the case of the He Jiankui affair is used as an example of the potential for unregulated use of CRISPR-Cas9 technology.

Green tea extract modulates lithium-induced thyroid follicular cell damage in rats.

Background: The aim of the current work was to clarify the modulation role of green tea extract (GTE) over structural and functional affection of the thyroid gland after long term use of lithium carbonate (LC). The suggested underlying mechanisms participating in thyroid affection were researched.

Materials And Methods: Twenty-four Sprague-Dawley adult albino rats were included in the work.

Exposure to perfluoroalkyl substances in early pregnancy and risk of sporadic first trimester miscarriage.

Many first trimester sporadic miscarriages are unexplained and the role of environmental exposures is unknown. The present aim was to study if levels of Perfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) in early pregnancy are associated with unexplained, sporadic first trimester miscarriage. The study was performed within the Swedish SELMA pregnancy cohort.

The Prognostic Impact of Pulse Pressure in Acute Heart Failure: Insights from the HEARTS Registry.

Background: Low pulse pressure predicts long-term mortality in chronic heart failure, but its prognostic value in acute heart failure is less understood. The present study was designed to examine the prognostic value of pulse pressure in acute heart failure.

Methods: Pulse pressure was tested for its impact on short- and long-term mortality in all patients admitted with acute heart failure from October 2009 to December 2010 in eighteen tertiary centers in Saudi Arabia (n = 2609).