Stress and Reproductive Hormones of Free-Ranging Dolphins Across a Natural Salinity Gradient.

Bottlenose dolphins () inhabit environments with variable natural salinities and experience physiological imbalances from extreme salinity fluctuations. Low salinity exposure (≤10) disrupts osmoregulation and increases the production of steroid hormones aldosterone (electrolyte balance) and cortisol (stress response). The effect(s) of high salinity exposure (>35) on steroid hormone production in bottlenose dolphins has not previously been assessed.

Hyperglycosylation as an Indicator of Aging in the Bone Metabolome of .

Chronological aging of bone tissues is a multi-faceted process that involves a complex interplay of cellular, biochemical, and molecular mechanisms. Metabolites play a crucial role for bone homeostasis, and a changed metabolome is indicative for bone aging, although bone metabolomics are currently understudied. The vertebral bone metabolome of the model fish Japanese medaka () was employed to identify sex-specific markers of bone aging.

Cycling of labile and recalcitrant carboxyl-rich alicyclic molecules and carbohydrates in Baffin Bay.

Marine dissolved organic matter (DOM) is an important, actively cycling carbon reservoir (662 GtC). However, the chemical structure and cycling of DOM within rapidly warming, polar environments remains largely unconstrained. Previous studies have shown rapid surface cycling of carbohydrates as biologically-labile DOM (LDOM).

Applying the SOUND Trial for Omitting Axillary Surgery in Patients With Early Breast Cancer in Bahrain.

Objective: The Sentinel Node vs. Observation After Axillary Ultra-Sound (SOUND) trial reported that omission of axillary surgery was not inferior to sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) in those with cT1 breast cancer and negative preoperative axillary ultrasound. The aim of our study was to evaluate the clinical characteristics of early breast cancer patients undergoing breast conserving surgery (BCS) at our institution in order to investigate the exportability of SOUND criteria to our patient population.

Laparoscopic Versus Open Surgery for Colorectal Cancers: Clinical and Pathological Outcomes from a Single Institution in Bahrain.

Introduction: Colorectal carcinoma is commonly diagnosed and accounts for an important cause of cancerrelated mortality worldwide. Despite that literature has shown the superiority of laparoscopic surgery, with improved short-term clinical benefits and equivalent oncological outcomes compared with open surgery for colorectal cancer, most cases are operated by open approach. The purpose of this study was to compare the clinical and pathological outcomes between laparoscopic and open colorectal cancer surgery at our institution.

Need for Staging Investigations in Newly Diagnosed Breast Cancer: Establishing Local Guidelines for Radiological Staging in Bahrain.

Objective: Staging workup and detection of distant metastases is important in newly diagnosed breast cancer in order to make treatment decisions and establish the prognosis. There is wide variation in current recommendations for staging investigations in breast cancer. Routine staging is performed for all patients in Bahrain because of lack of consistent guidelines.

Isotopic compositions of organic and inorganic nitrogen reveal processing and source dynamics at septic influenced and undeveloped estuary sites.

Historically, dissolved organic nitrogen (DON) has not been characterized in the nitrogen profiles of most estuaries despite its significant contribution to total nitrogen and projected increase in loading. The characterization of dissolved inorganic nitrogen (DIN) and DON processing from groundwater to surface water also remains unconstrained. This study attempts to fill in these knowledge gaps by quantifying the DON pool and potential sources in a semiarid, low inflow estuary (Baffin Bay, Texas) using stable isotope techniques.

Toward a More Comprehensive Approach for Dissolved Organic Matter Chemical Characterization Using an Orbitrap Fusion Tribrid Mass Spectrometer Coupled with Ion and Liquid Chromatography Techniques.

Dissolved organic matter (DOM) represents one of the largest active organic carbon pools in the global carbon cycle. Although extensively studied, only <10% of DOM has been chemically characterized into individual dissolved compounds due to its molecular complexity. This study introduced a more comprehensive DOM characterization method by coupling both ion chromatography (IC) and liquid chromatography (LC) with high mass accuracy and resolution mass spectrometry.

Determining organic nitrogen emission sources and secondary formations in an urban coastal airshed via stable isotope techniques.

Organic nitrogen (ON) has been excluded in the majority of atmospheric N studies. However, dissolved organic nitrogen (DON) deposition influences coastal water quality and primary production creating an urgent need for comprehensive atmospheric ON characterization, especially in coastal airsheds. This study measured the concentration and isotopic composition of rainwater DON (δN-DON) and applied stable isotope mixing models to determine the ON emission source apportionments in a small-sized coastal city.

Risk Factors Associated With Sentinel Lymph Node Metastasis in Clinically Node-Negative Breast Cancer.

Objective: Sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) is the standard of care for axillary staging in clinically node negative breast cancer. If predictive factors for sentinel lymph node (SLN) metastasis could be identified, it would allow selection of candidates for SLNB and omit axillary surgery in those with the lowest risk of axillary lymph node involvement. The aim of this study was to determine risk factors associated with SLN metastasis in breast cancer patients in Bahrain.

Risk Factors for Positive Margins in Breast-Conserving Surgery.

Introduction Breast-conserving surgery (BCS) followed by adjuvant radiotherapy has similar overall survival compared to mastectomy but is associated with higher rates of local recurrence. Positive surgical margins in BCS are the most important predictor of local recurrence. The aim of our study was to assess the risk factors associated with positive margins in women undergoing BCS for breast cancer in order to inform our clinical practice and minimize re-operation rates.

Left-Sided Acute Appendicitis in a Patient With Situs Inversus Totalis.

Acute appendicitis is one of the most common reasons for presentation to the emergency department that requires an emergency appendectomy. Clinical presentation with abdominal pain in the left lower quadrant is very uncommon but can occur with a congenital left-sided appendix or right-sided long appendix. We report a rare case of a 65-year-old man with incidental finding of situs inversus totalis who presented with left lower quadrant abdominal pain.

De-escalation of Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy in Patients With Ductal Carcinoma In Situ.

Introduction Current guidelines recommend that sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) be performed in patients with ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) undergoing mastectomy, in patients for whom the location of excision may compromise future SLNB, or if there is a high suspicion or risk of upstaging to invasive cancer on final pathology. Whether axillary surgery should be performed in patients with DCIS remains controversial. Our study aimed to examine the factors associated with the upgrade of DCIS to invasive cancer on final pathology and sentinel lymph node (SLN) metastases to evaluate whether axillary surgery may be safely omitted in DCIS.

Bioactive Ingredients in Extract and Synergistic Effects of Combined and Metformin Preparations on Antioxidant Activities in Diabetic and Non-Diabetic Skeletal Muscle Cells.

With healthcare costs rising, many affected by ailments are turning to alternative medicine for treatment. More people are choosing to complement their pharmacological regimen with dietary supplements from natural products. In this study, the compound composition of ( and the effects of combined preparations of and metformin on antioxidant activity in human skeletal muscle myoblasts (HSMMs) and human diabetic skeletal muscle myoblasts (DHSMMs) were investigated.

Contralateral axillary metastasis: a diagnostic and therapeutic clinical dilemma.

We report a 61-year-old woman with primary right breast cancer and metastatic lymphadenopathy in the contralateral axilla. This case represents a clinical dilemma because primary breast cancer, occult contralateral breast cancer and extra-mammary primary lesion can all be the source of the contralateral axillary metastasis. The patient underwent bilateral modified radical mastectomy.

Iningainema tapete sp. nov. (Scytonemataceae, Cyanobacteria) from greenhouses in central Florida (USA) produces two types of nodularin with biosynthetic potential for microcystin-LR and anabaenopeptin production.

Iningainema is a recently described genus of heterocytous, false-branching cyanobacteria originally described from Australia. In this work, we present Iningainema tapete sp. nov.

The Influence of Bacteria on the Growth, Lipid Production, and Extracellular Metabolite Accumulation by Phaeodactylum tricornutum (Bacillariophyceae).

To examine the impact of heterotrophic bacteria on microalgal physiology, we co-cultured the diatom Phaeodactylum tricornutum with six bacterial strains to quantify bacteria-mediated differences in algal biomass, total intracellular lipids, and for a subset, extracellular metabolite accumulation. A Marinobacter isolate significantly increased algal cell concentrations, dry biomass, and lipid content compared to axenic algal cultures. Two other bacterial strains from the Bacteroidetes order, of the genera Algoriphagus and Muricauda, significantly lowered P.

Ileo-caecal intussusception secondary to lipoma in an adult: A rare cause for intestinal obstruction.

Intussusception in adults is a rare condition. Unlike in children, it is often associated with a pathologic lesion that serves as a lead point. We report an unusual case of ileo-caecal intussusception due to lipoma.

Preliminary Assessment of Microbial Community Structure of Wind-Tidal Flats in the Laguna Madre, Texas, USA.

Aside from two samples collected nearly 50 years ago, little is known about the microbial composition of wind tidal flats in the hypersaline Laguna Madre, Texas. These mats account for ~42% of the lagoon's area. These microbial communities were sampled at four locations that historically had mats in the Laguna Madre, including Laguna Madre Field Station (LMFS), Nighthawk Bay (NH), and two locations in Kenedy Ranch (KRN and KRS).

Spatial variation and availability of nutrients at an oyster reef in relation to submarine groundwater discharge.

Submarine groundwater discharge (SGD) is often an overlooked component of the solute budgets in coastal embayments and is not considered in oyster restoration, conservation, and management plans. A combination of spatial and temporal geochemistry (nutrients, trace metals, alkalinity components, stable isotopes, and major ions) of porewater and surface water combined with SGD-derived solute fluxes and turnover times was used to examine the significance of SGD in delivering nutrients to paleovalley systems in coastal embayments, thus sustaining the health and productivity of oyster reefs. A 1-km area encompassing a paleovalley system, in Copano Bay, Texas, exhibited significant differences in the spatial and temporal hydrogeochemical characteristics (major ions, stable isotopes and nutrients) along the reef when compared to the other environments (i.

Synchronous breast and colon cancer: the importance of multidisciplinary team cancer meetings.

A 58-year-old female patient presented with left breast lump. Mammography and ultrasonography were performed, which reported lesions suspicious of malignancy in the left breast and axilla. Core biopsy of the lesions revealed invasive ductal carcinoma with axillary lymph node metastasis.

Surgical treatment of granulomatous mastitis: Our experience in Bahrain.

Granulomatous mastitis (GM) is a rare, benign inflammatory disease of the breast with unknown etiology. There is no universally accepted treatment for GM. The aim of this study was to show our experience with surgical treatment of GM.

Male occult triple-negative breast cancer.

Male breast cancer is a rare but important condition accounting for only 1% of breast cancer worldwide and less than 1% of all male malignancies. Occult male breast cancer is an extremely rare type of male breast cancer that manifests as axillary metastases without an identifiable breast lesion. We report a case of triple-negative occult male breast cancer who underwent modified radical mastectomy.

Transverse colon volvulus in a patient with sickle cell disease.

Although colonic volvulus is a relatively rare cause of large bowel obstruction, accounting for up to 5% of all cases of intestinal obstruction, transverse colon volvulus is extremely uncommon compared with volvulus of the sigmoid colon or caecum and is responsible for only 3% of all reported cases. We report an unusual case of spontaneous volvulus of the transverse colon in a young man with sickle cell disease who underwent resection with primary anastamosis. Having a high index of suspicion and early operative intervention allowed for this patient to have an uneventful postoperative course.