Hyperthyroidism induced by paraneoplastic human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) production from testicular tumours: a retrospective clinical and histopathological study.

Human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) has structural similarities with thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) and may stimulate TSH receptors at higher concentrations. During pregnancy, placental hCG causes TSH suppression, contributing to hyperemesis. However, in males, clinical manifestations caused by excess hCG are rare.

Visible-light-mediated Diels-Alder reactions under single-chain polymer confinement: investigating the role of the crosslinking moiety on catalyst activity.

Macromolecular scaffolds are rapidly emerging in catalysis owing to the ability to control catalyst placement at precise locations. This spatial proximity allows for enhanced catalyst activity that may not be observed using small molecules. Herein, we describe a triphenylpyrylium (TPT)-based visible-light active single-chain polymer nanoparticle (SCNP) that facilitates the radical cation [4 + 2]-cycloaddition.

Establishment of primary prostate epithelial and tumorigenic cell lines using a non-viral immortalization approach.

Background: Research on prostate cancer is mostly performed using cell lines derived from metastatic disease, not reflecting stages of tumor initiation or early progression. Establishment of cancer cell lines derived from the primary tumor site has not been described so far. By definition, cancer cells are able to be cultured indefinitely, whereas normal epithelial cells undergo senescence in vitro.

Association of Academic Physiatrists Residency and Fellowship Program Directors' Resident Recruitment Subcouncil Position Paper on Residency Recruitment.

Residency recruitment practices have undergone significant changes in the last several years. Interviews are now conducted fully virtually leading to both positive and negative downstream effects, including decreased cost to applicants and programs, decreased time away from clinical activities, flexibility in scheduling, and increased applications for applicants and program directors. In response to these changes, the Association of Academic Physiatrists Residency and Fellowship Program Directors Council convened a workgroup consisting of program directors, program coordinators, residents, and medical students who reviewed the available literature to provide an evidence-based set of best practices for program leaders and applicants.

Loss of PDE4D7 expression promotes androgen independence, neuroendocrine differentiation and alterations in DNA repair: implications for therapeutic strategies.

Background: Androgen signalling remains the seminal therapeutic approach for the management of advanced prostate cancer. However, most tumours eventually shift towards an aggressive phenotype, characterised by androgen independence and treatment resistance. The cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) pathway plays a crucial role in regulating various cellular processes, with the phosphodiesterase PDE4D7 being a vital modulator of cAMP signalling in prostate cancer cells.

Systematic comparison of local approaches for isotopically nonstationary metabolic flux analysis.

Quantification of reaction fluxes of metabolic networks can help us understand how the integration of different metabolic pathways determine cellular functions. Yet, intracellular fluxes cannot be measured directly but are estimated with metabolic flux analysis (MFA) that relies on the patterns of isotope labeling of metabolites in the network. For metabolic systems, typical for plants, where all potentially labeled atoms effectively have only one source atom pool, only isotopically nonstationary MFA can provide information about intracellular fluxes.

A preliminary study on the respiratory benefits of adaptive video gaming in individuals with cervical spinal cord injuries.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to collect preliminary data to assess whether participation in adaptive video gaming using a pneumatic sip-and-puff video game controller may provide respiratory or health benefits for individuals with cervical-level spinal cord injuries.

Methods: A survey was anonymously distributed to potential participants and consisted of four sections: (1) General Information, (2) Gaming Habits, (3) Respiratory Quality of Life, and (4) Impact of Adaptive Video Gaming on Respiratory Health.

Results: The study included 124 individuals with cervical-level spinal cord injuries.

The CAPRA&PDE4D5/7/9 Prognostic Model Is Significantly Associated with Adverse Post-Surgical Pathology Outcomes.

Objectives: To investigate the association of the prognostic risk score CAPRA&PDE4D5/7/9 as measured on pre-surgical diagnostic needle biopsy tissue with pathological outcomes after radical prostatectomies in a clinically low−intermediate-risk patient cohort. Patients and Methods: RNA was extracted from biopsy punches of diagnostic needle biopsies. The patient cohort comprises n = 151 patients; of those n = 84 had low−intermediate clinical risk based on the CAPRA score and DRE clinical stage View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Photochemically Mediated Polymerization of Molecular Furan and Pyridine: Synthesis of Nanothreads at Reduced Pressures.

Nanothreads are emerging one-dimensional sp-hybridized materials with high predicted tensile strength and a tunable band gap. They can be synthesized by compressing aromatic or nonaromatic small molecules to pressures ranging from 15-30 GPa. Recently, new avenues are being sought that reduce the pressure required to afford nanothreads; the focus has been placed on the polymerization of molecules with reduced aromaticity, favorable stacking, and/or the use of higher reaction temperatures.

An automated workflow that generates atom mappings for large-scale metabolic models and its application to Arabidopsis thaliana.

Quantification of reaction fluxes of metabolic networks can help us understand how the integration of different metabolic pathways determines cellular functions. Yet, intracellular fluxes cannot be measured directly but are estimated with metabolic flux analysis (MFA), which relies on the patterns of isotope labeling of metabolites in the network. The application of MFA also requires a stoichiometric model with atom mappings that are currently not available for the majority of large-scale metabolic network models, particularly of plants.

Influence of adaptive video gaming on quality of life and social relationships.

In recent years, the field of adaptive video gaming has been growing rapidly. However, its acceptance as an integral service within the rehabilitation field has been slow to develop and no studies have examined the benefits of providing adaptive gaming services for individuals with disabilities. 110 participants with 6 months or more of adaptive gaming experience took part in a self-administered survey which comprised of questions assessing gaming habits, quality of life, and social relationships.

Prostate-specific membrane antigen and fibroblast activation protein distribution in prostate cancer: preliminary data on immunohistochemistry and PET imaging.

Introduction: Fibroblast activation protein (FAP) has been recently presented as new imaging target for malignant diseases and offers high contrast to surrounding normal tissue. FAP tracer uptake has been reported in various tumor entities. The aim of this study was to compare FAP and Prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) expression in primary prostate cancer employing histological analyses and PET imaging in two small patient collectives.

Perfect and Defective C-Furan-Derived Nanothreads from Modest-Pressure Synthesis Analyzed by C NMR.

The molecular structure of nanothreads produced by the slow compression of C-furan was studied by advanced solid-state NMR. Spectral editing showed that >95% of carbon atoms were bonded to one hydrogen (C-H) and that there were 2-4% CH, 0.6% C═O, and <0.

'Sacrificial' supramolecular assembly and pressure-induced polymerization: toward sequence-defined functionalized nanothreads.

Limited supramolecular strategies have been utilized to synthesize sequence-defined polymers, despite the prominence of noncovalent interactions in materials design. Herein, we illustrate the utility of 'sacrificial' aryl-perfluoroaryl supramolecular synthons to synthesize sp-hybridized nanothreads from sp-enriched reactants. Our strategy features A-B reactant pairs in the form of a phenol:pentafluorophenol co-crystal that is preorganized for an electronically-biased and sequence-defined polymerization.

Establishment of a quantification method for β-glucans and their immune activity potential for quality control of β-glucan containing products.

Beta glucans are complex glucose polymers well known for their immune modulatory properties. Therefore they are used and advertised in dietary supplements. Unfortunately there is no standardized test system for quality control of such health-related foods.

Testicular function in males with infantile nephropathic cystinosis.

Study Question: Do males with the rare lysosomal storage disease infantile nephropathic cystinosis (INC) have a chance of biological fatherhood?

Summary Answer: Cryostorage of semen could be an option for approximately 20% of young males with INC, with surgical sperm retrieval from the centre of the testes providing additional opportunities for fatherhood.

What Is Known Already: Biallelic mutations in the cystinosin (CTNS) gene in INC cause dysfunction in cystine transport across lysosomal membranes and cystine accumulation throughout the body. Spontaneous paternity in cystinosis has not been described, despite the availability of cysteamine treatment.

Diagnostic efficiency of hybrid imaging using PSMA ligands, PET/CT, PET/MRI and MRI in identifying malignant prostate lesions.

Objective: The objective of this study was to assess the accuracy of Ga-PSMA-11 PET/MRI, F-PSMA-1007 PET/CT, Ga-PSMA-11 PET/CT, and multiparametric (mp)MRI for the delineating of dominant intraprostatic lesions (IPL).

Materials And Methods: 35 patients with organ-confined prostate cancer who were assigned to definitive radiotherapy (RT) were divided into three groups based on imaging techniques: Ga-PSMA-PET/MRI (n = 9), F-PSMA-PET/CT (n = 16) and Ga-PSMA-PET/CT (n = 10). All patients without PSMA-PET/MRI received an additional mpMRI.

Scalable Synthesis of Crystalline One-Dimensional Carbon Nanothreads through Modest-Pressure Polymerization of Furan.

Carbon nanothreads, which are one-dimensional sp-rich polymers, combine high tensile strength with flexibility owing to subnanometer widths and diamond-like cores. These extended carbon solids are constructed through pressure-induced polymerization of sp molecules such as benzene. Whereas a few examples of carbon nanothreads have been reported, the need for high onset pressures (≥17 GPa) to synthesize them precludes scalability and limits scope.

A child with soft-tissue infection and lymphadenitis.

We report a case of a soft-tissue infection with , a rare opportunistic pathogen in individuals with chronic granulomatous disease.

Roles of CCR2 and CCR5 for Hepatic Macrophage Polarization in Mice With Liver Parenchymal Cell-Specific NEMO Deletion.

Background & Aims: Macrophages are key regulators of inflammation and cancer promotion in the liver, and their recruitment and activation is linked to chemokine receptor signaling. However, the exact roles of the chemokine receptors CCR2 and CCR5 for macrophage functions in the liver is obscure.

Methods: To study CCR2 and CCR5 in inflammatory liver injury, we used mice with a hepatocyte-specific knock-out of the nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) essential modulator (NEMO), termed NEMO mice, and generated NEMOCcr2 and NEMOCcr5 mice.

Optimization of Hydantoins as Potent Antimycobacterial Decaprenylphosphoryl-β-d-Ribose Oxidase (DprE1) Inhibitors.

In search of novel drugs against tuberculosis, we previously discovered and profiled a novel hydantoin-based family that demonstrated highly promising in vitro potency against . The compounds were found to be noncovalent inhibitors of DprE1, a subunit of decaprenylphosphoryl-β-d-ribose-2'-epimerase. This protein, localized in the periplasmic space of the mycobacterial cell wall, was shown to be an essential and vulnerable antimycobacterial drug target.

Response of Different Treatment Protocols to Treat Chronic Non-Bacterial Osteomyelitis (CNO) of the Mandible in Adult Patients: A Systematic Review.

(1) Background: Chronic non-bacterial osteomyelitis (CNO) is an autoinflammatory bone disease of finally unknown etiology, which can occur alone or related with syndromes (chronic recurrent multifocal osteomyelitis-CRMO; synovitis, acne, pustulosis, hyperostosis and osteitis syndrome-SAPHO). The involvement of the mandible is rather rare. (2) Methods: We carried out a systematic literature search on CNO with mandibular involvement, according to the "Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses" (PRISMA) guidelines, considering the different synonyms for CNO, with a special focus on therapy.

Novel pathogenic alterations in pediatric and adult desmoid-type fibromatosis - A systematic analysis of 204 cases.

Desmoid-type fibromatosis (DTF, aggressive fibromatosis) is a non-metastasizing mesenchymal neoplasm of deep soft tissue with a tendency towards local recurrence. Genetic alterations affecting canonical Wnt/β-catenin signaling are reported in the majority of DTF. While most sporadic DTF harbor somatic mutations in CTNNB1, germline mutations in adenomatous polyposis coli (APC) are known to occur in hereditary DTF types (FAP, Gardner-Syndrome).