Maternal hemoglobin change from early pregnancy to second trimester is associated with risk of gestational diabetes mellitus: a retrospective cohort study.

Introduction: The accrual of iron that is reflected in high maternal hemoglobin (Hb) status is increasingly recognized as a risk factor for gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). Changes in maternal Hb level could also implicate glycemic status in pregnancy. This study aimed to determine the associations between maternal Hb levels and their changes with GDM.