Enhanced anaerobic digestion of freezing and thawing pretreated cow manure with increasing solid content: kinetics and microbial community dynamics.

High solid anaerobic digestion has proved the mainstream technology for the treatment of organic wastes. However, the high molecular weight and complex lignocellulosic structure of cow manure (CM) make it indigestible and inefficient, leading to limit the hydrolysis step of anaerobic digestion at high solid content. To mitigate this bottleneck, an improved cost-effective freezing and thawing pretreatment technique was proposed in this study.

Academia-pharmaceutical industry linkage: An academic perspective.

Background: The pharmaceutical sector in Pakistan has grown over a period, however, there are several barriers in the framework governing the growth of the country's pharmaceuticals. The lack of academia-industry linkage (AIL) is among the critical barriers; hence the focus of the study is to find out the reasons for the lack in the above collaboration. Understanding barriers may help their redressal.

A novel green synthesis of MnO-Coal composite for rapid removal of silver and lead from wastewater.

The presence of Ag(I) and Pb(II) ions in wastewater poses a significant threat to human health in contemporary times. This study aims to explore the development of a novel and economical adsorbent by grafting MnO particles onto low-rank coal, providing an innovative solution for the remediation of water contaminated with silver and lead. The synthesized nanocomposites, referred to as MnO-Coal, underwent thorough characterization using FTIR, XRD, BET, and SEM to highlight the feasibility of in-situ surface modification of coal with MnO nanoparticles.

MXene/AgNW composite material for selective and efficient removal of radioactive cesium and iodine from water.

Toxic fission products, such as cesium (Cs) and iodine (I) are of great concern because of their long half-lives and high solubility in water. The simultaneous removal of Cs and I using a single adsorbent is an area of increasing interest. In this study, MXene/silver nanowire (AgNW) composite was synthesized through physical mixing and employed for simultaneous removal of iodide (I) and cesium (Cs) ions from contaminated water.

Comparative quality analysis and economic feasibility of solar assisted yogurt processing unit for decentralized dairy value chain.

Due to the lack of farm-gate milk processing facilities, dairy farmers have to sell raw milk, resulting in economic and quality compromises. The study compared the quality of yogurt processed in solar assisted yogurt processing unit with the existing milk value chain and its techno-economic feasibility. For this, an investigation of the experiment was executed where four different milk processing approaches were compared.

Microwave-assisted synthesis of MnO nanosorbent for adsorptive removal of Cs(I) and Sr(II) from water solutions.

In this study, a flower-like porous δ-MnO nanostructure was synthesized by a microwave-assisted hydrothermal process for adsorptive removal of strontium (Sr(II)) and cesium (Cs(I)) from wastewater. The prepared δ-MnO nanosorbent exhibited superior affinity for Sr(II) over Cs(I) in the single-solute system, with partition coefficient (PC) values of 10.2 and 2.

Clinical outcomes of percutaneous debulking of tricuspid valve endocarditis in intravenous drug users.

Objectives: A retrospective case series of a percutaneous approach to debulk tricuspid valve endocarditis (TVE) using an 8 French mechanical aspiration system in patients with a history of intravenous drug use (IVDU) was reported. IVDU associated TVE is increasing in the United States and is associated with high mortality despite early surgical debridement. Patients with advanced disease, shock, and respiratory failure may not be candidates for surgical debridement or replacement.

Investigation of calcium silicate as a natural clay-based sunblock: Formulation and characterization.

Background: Sunlight exposure causes several types of health issues to humans, and in particular, it affects especially the skin. Among the most common harmful issues developed by UV exposure are erythema, pigmentation, and lesions in DNA, which may lead to cancer. These long-term effects can be minimized with the use of sunscreen.

Study of Inheritance and Linkage of Virulence Genes in a Selfing Population of a Pakistani Dominant Race of f. sp. .

Wheat stripe rust is a severe threat of almost all wheat-growing regions in the world. Being an obligate biotrophic fungus, f. sp.

Two-dimensional transition metal carbide (TiCT) as an efficient adsorbent to remove cesium (Cs).

Industrial utilization of nuclear resources greatly depends on the effective treatment of nuclear waste. The efficient removal of radioactive nuclides from liquid effluents by using different adsorbents has thus become crucial. Herein, for the first time, two-dimensional transition metal carbides (MXenes) are investigated as scavengers of cesium (Cs) from contaminated water.

Cross verification of prescribing trends through loop evaluation of physicians, patients and medical store personnel.

Background: Prescription connects physician, patient and community pharmacy personnel who can help in understanding prescribing pattern. The present study was aimed to get an insight of viewpoints of all members involved in progression of events from prescription to drug purchase, i.e.

Magnetite-based adsorbents for sequestration of radionuclides: a review.

As a result of extensive research efforts by several research groups, magnetite-based materials have gained enormous attention in diverse fields including biomedicine, catalysis, energy and data storage devices, magnetic resonance imaging, and environmental remediation. Owing to their low production cost, ease of modification, biocompatibility, and superparamagnetism, the use of these materials for the abatement of environmental toxicants has been increasing continuously. Here we focus on the recent advances in the use of magnetite-based adsorbents for removal of radionuclides (such as Cs(i), Eu(iii), Sr(ii), U(vi), ) from diverse aqueous phases.

Effect of insulin sensitizer therapy on amino acids and their metabolites.

Aims: Prior studies have reported that elevated concentrations of several plasma amino acids (AA), particularly branched chain (BCAA) and aromatic AA predict the onset of type 2 diabetes. We sought to test the hypothesis that circulating BCAA, aromatic AA and related AA metabolites decline in response to the use of insulin sensitizing agents in overweight/obese adults with impaired fasting glucose or untreated diabetes.

Methods: We performed a secondary analysis of a randomized, double-blind, placebo, controlled study conducted in twenty five overweight/obese (BMI ~30kg/m(2)) adults with impaired fasting glucose or untreated diabetes.

A probable risk factor of female breast cancer: study on benign and malignant breast tissue samples.

The study reports enhanced Fe, Cu, and Zn contents in breast tissues, a probable risk factor of breast cancer in females. Forty-one formalin-fixed breast tissues were analyzed using atomic absorption spectrophotometry. Twenty malignant, six adjacent to malignant and 15 benign tissues samples were investigated.

Efficacy of musculoskeletal injections by primary care providers in the office: a retrospective cohort study.

Background: Musculoskeletal joint pain of varied etiology can be diagnosed and treated with joint and soft-tissue corticosteroid injections.

Purpose: The purpose of our study was to compare patients' bodily pain and quality of life (QOL), in addition to the procedural benefit and patient satisfaction, before and after musculoskeletal injections in the office setting.

Patients And Methods: Patients were eligible for recruitment if they were over age 18 and had an injection for musculoskeletal pain from a primary care provider in an office procedural practice.

Effect of N-acetylcysteine on the early expression of inflammatory markers in the retina and plasma of diabetic rats.

Purpose: The aim of this study is to investigate markers of inflammation and oxidative stress in an early model of diabetic retinopathy, correlate retinal and plasma results and evaluate the influence of treatment by N-acetylcysteine (NAC), a free radical scavenger.

Methods: Four groups were studied: control (C), streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats (D), STZ rats following 8 weeks of NAC (DT), and control rats following 8 weeks of NAC (CT). Plasma levels of free 15-F2t-isoprostane (15-F-2t-IsoP), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) were obtained.

Doxylamine toxicity: seizure, rhabdomyolysis and false positive urine drug screen for methadone.

The present report highlights the possible adverse effects of doxylamine, a common over the counter sleep aid. Doxylamine is an antihistamine that at toxic doses can cause anticholinergic effects, including seizures, rhabdomyolysis and death. The following case describes a patient with doxylamine toxicity who presented with seizure and confusion.

Sulfisoxazole, an endothelin receptor antagonist, protects retinal neurones from insults of ischemia/reperfusion or lipopolysaccharide.

Endothelins exert pathological effects in the eye and much interest centres on their role in causing retinal neuronal death in ischemic diseases like glaucoma. In the present study the influence of the non-selective endothelin antagonist, sulfisoxazole on raised intraocular pressure-induced ischemia to the rat retina was investigated. Moreover, in vitro studies on primary rat retinal cultures were undertaken to see whether sulfisoxazole is able to blunt the toxic effect of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) to retinal neurones.