Evaluation of relationship between endodontic access cavity types and secondary mesiobuccal canal detection.

Background: The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between Endodontic Access Cavity (EAC) types with MB2 canal detection ratio in the upper first molars.

Methods: A total of 60 roots of extracted human maxillary first molars were selected. All teeth were prepared with Point EAC (PEAC), Conservative EAC (CEAC) and Traditional EAC (TEAC) respectively.

Evaluation of the Cyclic Fatigue and Torsional Resistance of Novel Nickel-Titanium Rotary Files with Various Alloy Properties.

Introduction: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the cyclic fatigue and torsional resistance of Hyflex EDM, ProTaper Gold (PTG), and ProTaper Universal (PTU) instruments.

Methods: For the cyclic fatigue test, 10 instruments from each group were tested by using a stainless steel block with 1.5-mm diameter and 3-mm radius of 60° angle of curvature.

Comparative evaluation of cyclic fatigue resistance of four different nickel-titanium rotary files with different cross-sectional designs and alloy properties.

Objective: The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the cyclic fatigue resistance of F6 SkyTaper (Komet Brasseler, Lemgo, Germany), K3XF (SybronEndo, Orange, CA, USA), new generation OneShape (Micro Mega, Besancon, France) and TRUShape 3D conforming files (Dentsply Tulsa Dental Specialties, Tulsa, OK, USA).

Material And Methods: Ten instruments from each group were selected and allowed to rotate using a low-torque motor in a stainless steel block with 1.5 mm diameter, 3 mm radius of 60° angle of curvature at the manufacturer's recommended speed, and the number of cycles (NCF) from the beginning to the fracture was recorded.

Comparison of the effect of MTAD and conventional irrigation agents on apical leakage and push-out bond strength of root canal filling.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of MTAD (a mixture of tetracycline isomer, an acid, and a detergent) and conventional irrigation agents on the apical leakage and push-out bond strength of root canal filling and to correlate the apical leakage and push-out bond strength. Root canals of 120 maxillary central incisors were prepared with a ProTaper file up to F3 and distributed to six groups. Saline, 1% NaOCl, 17% EDTA, 17% EDTA/1% NaOCl, and 2% chlorhexidine (CHX) solutions were used between each file change, and 5 mL of the same irrigating solution was used for the final flush.

Cyclic fatigue analysis of Reciproc R25® instruments with different kinematics.

This study aimed to compare the cyclic fatigue resistance of Reciproc® instruments when used with different kinematics (150° counterclockwise (CCW)-30° clockwise (CW), 270° CCW-30° CW, 360° CCW-30° CW and continuous rotation). Various kinematics were tested in steel canals with a 3 mm radius and a 60° angle of curvature as follows (n = 20): 150° CCW-30° CW, 270° CCW-30° CW, 360° CCW-30° CW and 360° CCW (rotary motion). Reciproc R25® instruments were used until fracture occurred.

An in vitro analysis of separation of multi-use ProTaper Universal and ProTaper Next instruments in extracted mandibular molar teeth.

This study investigated the separation incidence of reused ProTaper Universal and ProTaper Next rotary instruments and identified the location of separated fragments. The root canals of extracted human mandibular molars were prepared with 10 assorted sets of ProTaper Universal and ProTaper Next instruments. After each preparation, instrument sets were autoclaved.

A cone-beam computed tomographic study of root canal systems in mandibular premolars in a Turkish population: Theoretical model for determining orifice shape.

Objective: The purposes of this retrospective study were to represent a newly designed theoretical model for determining orifice shape and morphologic properties of mandibular premolars and to correlate these findings with each other.

Materials And Methods: A total of 287 mandibular premolar images obtained from 88 patients by cone-beam computed tomography were included in this study. The measurements were performed below the cementoenamel junction, and different orifice configurations were defined in accordance with various ratios.

A retrospective comparative study of cone-beam computed tomography versus rendered panoramic images in identifying the presence, types, and characteristics of dens invaginatus in a Turkish population.

Introduction: This study assessed the presence, characteristics, and type of dens invaginatus (DI) by using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) and panoramic images rendered from CBCT images. In addition, the findings of the imaging techniques were compared.

Methods: We evaluated 300 CBCT images to determine the type of DI, the presence of an impacted tooth near the DI, and the presence of apical pathosis.

Comparison of the cyclic fatigue resistance of 5 different rotary pathfinding instruments made of conventional nickel-titanium wire, M-wire, and controlled memory wire.

Introduction: This study compared the cyclic fatigue resistance of current nickel-titanium rotary path-finding instruments.

Methods: Five types of nickel-titanium rotary pathfinding instruments were used in steel canals with a 90° curvature and a curvature radius of 3 mm (n = 10) and 5 mm (n = 10). The cyclic fatigue of the following instruments was tested at 4 mm from the tip: PathFile (#16 and a .

Effects of root canal preparation, various filling techniques and retreatment after filling on vertical root fracture and crack formation.

Aim: To investigate the incidence of cracks in root dentin after rotary instrumentation and filling with cold lateral condensation (CL), single-cone obturation (SC), and warm vertical compaction (WV) and retreatment of each filling system.

Methodology: One-hundred sixty mandibular incisors were selected. Twenty teeth were left unprepared and served as a control, and the remaining 140 teeth were instrumented.

An in vitro comparison of apically extruded debris and instrumentation times with ProTaper Universal, ProTaper Next, Twisted File Adaptive, and HyFlex instruments.

Introduction: The purpose of this study was to compare the in vitro amount of apically extruded debris with new endodontic rotary nickel-titanium instruments.

Methods: Sixty mandibular premolars were instrumented up to size 25 using ProTaper Universal (Dentsply Maillefer, Ballaigues, Switzerland), ProTaper Next (Dentsply Maillefer), Twisted File Adaptive (SybronEndo, Orange, CA), and HyFlex (Coltene-Whaledent, Allstetten, Switzerland) rotary systems. The apically extruded debris was collected and dried in preweighed Eppendorf tubes.

Push-out bond strength of different mineral trioxide aggregates.

Objective: This study was aimed to evaluate and to compare the push-out bond strength of different brands of mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) with a calcium enriched mixture cement (CEM).

Materials And Methods: Fifteen extracted, single-rooted human teeth were used. The middle-third of the roots were sliced perpendicular to the long axis into 1.

Efficacy of needle irrigation, EndoActivator, and photon-initiated photoacoustic streaming technique on removal of double and triple antibiotic pastes.

Introduction: Photon-induced photoacoustic streaming (PIPS) is a novel technique used for the removal of material on root canal walls, such as bacteria and the smear layer. This study evaluated the efficacy of needle irrigation, the EndoActivator System (Dentsply Tulsa Dental Specialties, Tulsa, OK), and PIPS on the removal of antibiotic pastes from an artificial groove created in a root canal.

Methods: Root canal preparation was performed up to size #40 on 84 extracted single-rooted teeth using ProTaper rotary instruments (Dentsply Maillefer, Ballaigues, Switzerland).

A comparative study of different radiographic methods for detecting occlusal caries lesions.

Objectives: The aim of this in vitro study was to compare the diagnostic accuracy of different radiographic imaging modalities in detecting occlusal caries lesions.

Materials And Methods: Under standardized conditions, 125 extracted human permanent molar teeth with sound or occlusal caries lesions were radiographed using a conventional film system (F-speed), a direct digital imaging system (complementary metal oxide semiconductor sensor), an indirect digital imaging system (photostimulable phosphor plate) and a cone beam computed tomography system (CBCT). Two observers scored the resultant images for the presence or absence of caries.

Comparison of cyclic fatigue resistance of nickel-titanium coronal flaring instruments.

Introduction: The purpose of this study was to compare the cyclic fatigue resistance of coronal flaring instruments.

Methods: Three groups of nickel-titanium (NiTi) endodontic coronal flaring instruments were tested in steel canals with a 3-mm curvature radius and 60° (n = 18) and 45° of curvature (n = 18). The cyclic fatigue of the following NiTi instruments was tested: ProTaper Sx (Dentsply Maillefer, Ballaigues, Switzerland), HyFlex 25.

Effect of PIPS technique at different power settings on irrigating solution extrusion.

The aim of this study was to determine the effect of photon-induced photoacoustic streaming (PIPS) technique at different power settings on extrusion of irrigating solution. Root canal preparation was performed up to a #30 file on 64 extracted single-rooted mandibular premolar teeth, which were then divided into four groups. Each group was irrigated with one of the following irrigation methods: (a) irrigation with conventional irrigation open-ended needles, (b) continuous ultrasonic irrigation, (c) 0.

Effects of physical and morphological properties of roots on fracture resistance.

Objective: The aim of this study was to determine how physical and morphological properties affect the fracture resistance of roots, and which criteria are important for root specimen standardization in fracture resistance studies.

Materials And Methods: Seventy-five freshly extracted human canine teeth were selected. Crowns were sectioned from the cement-enamel junction and the root lengths were set at 16 mm.

Effect of photo-activated disinfection on bond strength of three different root canal sealers.

Introduction: The aim of this in vitro study was to evaluate the bond strength of Photo-Activated Disinfection (PAD) system to dentin with different root canal sealers by using a push-out test design.

Materials And Methods: A total of 30 extracted mandibular premolar teeth with single and straight roots were used. The crowns were removed and the root canals were prepared by using ProTaper rotary files.

Comparison of cyclic fatigue resistance of original and counterfeit rotary instruments.

Introduction: In recent years, with the advances in counterfeiting methods, counterfeit products have reached the dental market. The purpose of this study was to compare the cyclic fatigue resistance of original and counterfeit rotary root canal instruments.

Materials And Methods: The cyclic fatigue of original and counterfeit ProTaper F2 endodontic instruments was tested (n = 20) in 3 mm radius steel canals with a 60° angle of curvature.

Comparative study of different novel nickel-titanium rotary systems for root canal preparation in severely curved root canals.

Introduction: We compared the effects of 6 different rotary systems on transportation, canal curvature, centering ratio, surface area, and volumetric changes of curved mesial root canals of mandibular molar via cone-beam computed tomographic (CBCT) imaging.

Methods: Mesiobuccal root canals of 120 mandibular first molars with an angle of curvature ranging from 20°-40° were divided into 6 groups of 20 canals. Based on CBCT images taken before instrumentation, the groups were balanced with respect to the angle and radius of canal curvature.

Effects of different irrigating solutions and disinfection methods on push-out bond strengths of fiber posts.

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of various irrigating solutions and photoactivated disinfection (PAD) on the push-out bond strengths of fiber posts to root dentin.

Materials And Methods: Thirty-two human teeth were divided into eight groups, as follows: (1) irrigation with physiologic saline (control), (2) NaOCl irrigation, (3) chlorhexidine (CHX) irrigation, (4) ethanol (EtOH) irrigation, (5) NaOCl followed by 17% EDTA irrigation, (6) NaOCl-EDTA supplemented with CHX irrigation, (7) NaOCl-EDTA supplemented with EtOH irrigation and (8) NaOCl-EDTA irrigation supplemented with PAD. After the posts were cemented, the roots were transversally sectioned to obtain four slices (1 mm thick) (n = 16).

Endodontic treatment and esthetic management of a geminated central incisor bearing a talon cusp.

Gemination with talon cusps is an uncommon morphologic dental anomaly, characterized by the formation of clinically wide tooth that can cause significant aesthetic and clinical problems including esthetic impairment, pain, caries susceptibility, and tooth crowding. These morphological dental anomalies have specific treatment needs due to the abnormal morphology and need virtuous radiologic diagnosis. Multidisciplinary approach can supply success of the treatment plan that can provide esthetic and occlusal requirements.

Comparison of cyclic fatigue resistance of novel nickel-titanium rotary instruments.

New files (ProTaper Next/HyFlex/OneShape) are made from novel nickel-titanium (NiTi) alloys/treatments. The purpose of this study was to compare the cyclic fatigue resistance of these new instruments with that of Revo-S instruments. Four groups of 20 NiTi endodontic instruments were tested in steel canals with a 3 mm radius and a 60° angle of curvature.

Fracture strength of roots instrumented with self-adjusting file and the ProTaper rotary systems.

Introduction: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the fracture strength of roots instrumented with the Self-Adjusting File (SAF; ReDent-Nova, Ra'anana, Israel) and the ProTaper system (Dentsply Maillefer, Ballaigues, Switzerland) and filled with the cold lateral compaction technique.

Methods: In total, 50 mandibular premolar teeth were sectioned at or below the cementoenamel junction to obtain roots 13 mm in length. The roots were balanced with respect to buccolingual-mesiodistal diameters and weight.

Radicular grooves of maxillary anterior teeth in a Turkish population: a cone-beam computed tomographic study.

Objective: There is limited data on the use of cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) scanning in examining radicular groove (RG). This study aims to investigate the presence of RG in maxillary anterior teeth in a Turkish Population using CBCT scanning and to correlate the findings with the tooth type, and patient's gender.

Design: A total of 1969 CBCT images of maxillary anterior teeth obtained from 342 patients were included in the study.