Household Exposure to Substance Abuse and the Risk of New Persistent Opioid Use After Cancer Surgery.

Background: Household-level factors may also influence the risk of new persistent opioid use (NPOU). We sought to assess the risk of NPOU among individuals with household exposure to substance abuse.

Methods: Opioid-naïve individuals who underwent oncological procedures were identified using the IBM MarketScan database.

Nephroprotective Effects of Curcumin in Murine Models of Focal and Segmental Glomerulosclerosis.

Introduction: This study aims to explore the reno-protective effect of Curcumin in focal and segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) in Murine models, a common chronic glomerulopathy that leads to end stage renal disease.

Methods: Adult Wistar rats were used in this experiment. One group was treated with intravenous Adriamycin (ADR) injection to induce FSGS similar to that seen in humans and a second group was co-administered ADR and Curcumin (ADR-CUR).

Equity and the operational considerations of the kidney transplant allocation system.

Purpose Of Review: Demonstrate the impact of allocation system design on access to the waitlist and transplantation for patients with end-stage kidney disease (ESKD).

Recent Findings: Minoritized groups are more likely to be declined from transplant listing owing to psychosocial criteria. Lack of consistent definitions, screening tools with differential subgroup validity, and insufficient evidence-base contribute to concerns about reliance on psychosocial factors in transplant listing decisions.

The use of patient-generated health data in the management of low anterior resection syndrome: a qualitative study.

Background: The cornerstone of low anterior resection syndrome (LARS) treatment is self-management, which requires patient engagement. Colorectal surgeons and nurses may use patient-generated health data (PGHD) to help guide patients in their use of self-management strategies for LARS. However, the perspectives of LARS experts on the use of PGHD remain largely unexplored.

Evaluating the Role of Maximal Expiratory Flow at 25% (MEF-25) in Detecting and Managing Patients With Small Airway Disease in the United Arab Emirates.

Middle Eastern countries, such as the United Arab Emirates and Oman, are affected by frequent dust storms and extreme hot climatic conditions, which can exacerbate respiratory conditions. These environmental factors are particularly injurious to asthmatic patients, as they can aggravate small airway disease (SAD), leading to increased morbidity and healthcare challenges. The evaluation of maximal mid-expiratory flow (MEF-25) as a diagnostic and therapeutic tool for early-stage small airway dysfunction is of significant clinical importance, particularly in hot and arid metropolitan environments where dusty conditions exacerbate pulmonary issues.

Prevention and Management of Skin Aging in Unani System of Medicine: A Narrative Review.

The process of aging starts at birth and continues till death which affects human physiology and its appearance. According to Unani literature, the innate heat and innate moisture reduce gradually with increasing age. This decreasing innate heat and moisture weakens the Tabiyat and slows down bodily function, resulting in the low production of humor and a high production of extraneous moisture, which in turn alters temperament i.

Post Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangiopancreatography Pancreatitis: Novel Mechanisms and Prevention by Drugs.

Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) is becoming more common than first-line therapy for pancreaticobiliary duct disorders. However, post-ERCP pancreatitis is the most common complication of ERCPs, and affects about 10% of cases. In this review, we provide an overview of the mechanisms purported to cause post-ERCP pancreatitis as well as associated risk factors.

The Correlation Between Screen Time and the Probability of Developing Autism Spectrum Disorder.

Background Autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) are a collection of neurological, psychological, and developmental anomalies that manifest in early life, affecting individuals across all racial, cultural, and socioeconomic groups. Its prevalence has grown significantly over the past 20 years. Exposure to digital devices has increased alongside the rise in ASD prevalence.

Bilateral autologous penetrating keratoplasty following periorbital necrotising fasciitis.

The case report describes a rare instance of a man in his 70s with periorbital necrotising fasciitis (NF) who underwent bilateral autologous penetrating keratoplasty. NF is an acute infection that can lead to severe complications, including vision loss. The patient presented with severe facial swelling and necrosis of the right eyelid, treated with surgical debridement and antibiotics.

Medication adherence, sensory attributes, and adverse effects of intranasal corticosteroids in allergic rhinitis patients: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Intranasal corticosteroid (INCS) remains the primary treatment for allergic rhinitis (AR). Understanding adherence, safety concerns and sensory preferences is crucial for optimal care.

Objective: This review aims to determine medication adherence, sensory attributes and adverse effects of INCS in AR patients.

Treatment of Invasive Pulmonary Aspergillosis and Preventive and Empirical Therapy for Invasive Candidiasis in Adult Pulmonary and Critical Care Patients. An Official American Thoracic Society Clinical Practice Guideline.

Background: The incidence of invasive fungal infections is increasing in immune-competent and immune-compromised patients. An examination of the recent literature related to the treatment of fungal infections was performed to address two clinical questions. First, in patients with proven or probable invasive pulmonary aspergillosis, should combination therapy with a mold-active triazole plus echinocandin be administered vs.

Healthcare Disparities and the Impact on Mortality in Incarcerated Patients.

This article addresses the healthcare disparities and potential impact on mortality among incarcerated patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). Incarcerated individuals are more likely to suffer from acute and chronic health conditions and have inconsistent access to healthcare services. Demographic trends, behavioral health trends, and lack of insurance coverage are major contributing factors to healthcare disparities among incarcerated individuals.

Extraction, Purification, and Next-Generation Sequencing (NGS) Analysis of DNA and RNA from Formalin-Fixed and Paraffin-Embedded (FFPE) Tissue.

Formalin fixed paraffin embedded (FFPE) tissues have long been used for immunohistological analyses. FFPE tissues can be stored at room temperature for several years enabling analyses to be performed later. Ease of storage and transport makes these tissues an attractive source of biological material.

Variation Across Organ Procurement Organizations in Deceased-Donor Kidney Offer Notification Practices.

Introduction: How offer notifications are distributed early in the kidney allocation timeline, including how widely they are offered, is unclear. A better understanding of offer notification practices across organ procurement organizations (OPOs) may identify opportunities for more efficient allocation.

Methods: We merged the Scientific Registry of Transplant Recipients potential transplant recipient file with additional offer notification time stamps to identify 54 631 deceased-donor kidney match runs from 2017 to 2023.

A Rare Case of Luc's Abscess in an Immunocompromised Female Patient.

Although Luc's abscess represents a rare complication of otitis media, it is an important complication to be considered by clinicians, by which infection spreads from the middle ear and can result in subperiosteal collection beneath the temporal muscle. Because of its rare occurrence, the diagnosis and treatment might be delayed. Here, we report the case of a 48-year-old female with Luc's abscess with the involvement of the mastoid bone and discuss its clinical presentation and successful management.

Comparison of index and reoperative bowel resections in Crohn's disease.

Background: There is a scarcity of literature describing outcomes of reoperative Crohn's disease. An in-depth knowledge of these outcomes is critical for managing patient expectations and optimal perioperative planning. We sought to examine outcomes in patients undergoing reoperative surgeries for Crohn's disease compared to index operations.

Anisotropic Ferroelectricity in Polar Vortices.

The exotic polarization configurations of topologically protected dipolar textures have opened new avenues for realizing novel phenomena absent in traditional ferroelectric systems. While multiple recent studies have revealed a diverse array of emergent properties in such polar topologies, the details of their atomic and mesoscale structures remain incomplete. Through atomic- and meso-scale imaging techniques, the emergence of a macroscopic ferroelectric polarization along both principal axes of the vortex lattice while performing phase-field modeling to probe the atomic scale origins of these distinct polarization components is demonstrated.

Structure-directing agent mediated synthesis of SnS coupled with Ultraphene as highly stable anode material for sodium-ion battery.

Sodium-ion battery (SIB) with abundant resources has been intensively developed as the efficient energy storage device. Tin disulfide (SnS) is one of the attractive anode materials due to its high capacity and two-dimensional structure. Nevertheless, volume expansion and low conductivity result in the poor rate performance and stability.

Exhaled Breath Condensate Surveillance for in Acute Leukemia-a Pilot Trial.

Invasive fungal infections in patients with leukemia carry a high mortality rate, but early diagnosis has the potential to modify this natural history. A novel screening method using droplet-digital polymerase chain reaction in exhaled breath condensate may have a similar performance to serum galactomannan screening. Larger studies, including other molds, are necessary.