Contribution to host diversity, genetic diversion, and epidemiology of Trichinella pseudospiralis in Slovakia, central Europe.

Trichinella pseudospiralis belongs to the non-encapsulated clade of the genus and its epidemiology is influenced by various biotic and abiotic factors. The role of different animal species in the spread and epidemiology of the parasite is still not well understood and further research is needed in the areas where its occurrence has been recorded. In Slovakia, T.

Micromammals as a reservoir for the zoonotic nematode (syn. ) in recreational areas of Slovakia.

The hepatic nematode is a zoonotic parasite primarily parasitising small mammals, but it can infect a wide range of mammal species, including humans. Due to its specific life cycle and transmission pattern, it is one of the least studied helminths in the world. The only documented findings of from Slovakia (former Czechoslovakia) come from the 60s and 70s of the 20th Century, including nine human cases of the infection reported .

Antiparasitic Activity of Enterocin M and Durancin-like from Beneficial in Mice Experimentally Infected with .

Beneficial/probiotic strains protect the host from pathogens by competitive displacement and production of antibacterial substances, i.e., bacteriocins.

Dirofilaria immitis conquering the regions in Slovakia previously endemic for D. repens.

The present study was focused on the current state of Dirofilaria species distribution in the territory of the Slovak Danubian Lowland, a region previously identified endemic for Dirofilaria repens. For the research, blood samples of 330 dogs tested positive for dirofilariosis using concentration tests or "rapid heartworm tests" were sent by private veterinary practitioners for further DNA analyses and species determination. The results revealed an unquestionable change in the pattern of Dirofilaria species distribution with Dirofilaria immitis, diagnosed as the agent of mono- and co-infections with D.

Modulatory Effect of Beneficial Enterococci and Their Enterocins on the Blood Phagocytes in Murine Experimental Trichinellosis.

Bacteriocins (enterocins) represent a new therapeutic strategy in various intestinal and non-intestinal infections. In antiparasitic defence, an oxidative inflammation of phagocytes is effective in destroying new-born larvae. The strains CCM8558 and ED26E/7 and their enterocins, enterocin M and a durancin-like enterocin, respectively, were administered daily, and mice were then infected with larvae on the seventh day of treatment.

A Study of Oribatid Mites as Potential Intermediate Hosts of Anoplocephalid Tapeworms of Tatra chamois and Tatra marmots from the Tatra Mountains, Central Europe, and Report of a New Intermediate Host for , the Parasite of Leporidae.

Tatra chamois ( (Blahout 1972)) and Tatra marmot ( (Kratochvíl 1961)) are significant endemic subspecies of the subalpine and alpine ranges of the Tatra Mountains in Central Europe. In four studied localities in the range of their typical biotopes in Slovakia and Poland, we investigated intestinal parasites of Tatra chamois and Tatra marmots, with an emphasis on anoplocephalid tapeworms. We also studied the occurrence, species diversity, and abundance of oribatid mites as intermediate hosts thereof, and the prevalence of cysticercoid larval stages of anoplocephalid tapeworms in collected oribatids using morphological and molecular methods.

Pilot research on gastrointestinal parasites of the Tatra chamois ().

Introduction And Objective: The Tatra chamois () is a significant representative of the High Tatra Mountains endemic fauna species. In terms of health hazards for these animals, an important role is played by parasitic infections that can lead to a significant depletion of the entire population.

Objective: The aim of the study was to describe the occurrence of gastrointestinal parasites of Tatra chamois in the current environmental and climatic conditions of the High Tatra Mountains.

Modulation of lymphocyte subpopulations in the small intestine of mice treated with probiotic bacterial strains and infected with Trichinella spiralis.

Aims: To study the local intestinal lymphocyte immunity in mice with trichinellosis affected by probiotic bacteria.

Methods And Results: Enterococcus faecium CCM8558, Enterococcus durans ED26E/7, Limosilactobacillus fermentum CCM7421 and Lactiplantibacillus plantarum 17 L/1 were administered daily (10  CFU ml ) and mice were infected with Trichinella spiralis (400 larvae) on the 7th day of treatment. T.

Thelazia callipaeda in Slovakia - From sporadic cases to endemic areas.

Spirurid nematode Thelazia callipaeda, transmitted by the fruit fly Phortica variegata, is a causative agent of an ocular parasitic disease called also canine thelaziosis. Dogs, cats, and wild canids are considered the primary definitive hosts for the parasite, but humans may also serve as aberrant definitive hosts. For long decades the geographic range of T.

Different epidemiological pattern of canine dirofilariosis in two neighboring countries in Central Europe-the Czech Republic and Slovakia.

The known data resulting from individual surveys of canine dirofilariosis point to the great differences in the epidemiological situation among countries where Dirofilaria parasites emerged approximately at the same time. In this regard, the Czech Republic and Slovakia, neighboring countries situated in Central Europe, could serve as an illustrative example of such a situation. The present study aimed to assess the prevalence of canine dirofilariosis in both countries and to discuss the reasons for potential differences shown.

Trichinellosis in Slovakia - epidemiological situation in humans and animals (2009-2018).

Introduction: Trichinella spp. are zoonotic parasitic nematodes with almost worldwide distribution. The infection can be transmitted through the foodborne route and can cause serious health problems in infected human patients.

Fifteen years since the first record of Trichinella pseudospiralis in Slovakia: What's new?

The presence of Trichinella pseudospiralis has been increasingly reported in Europe in the last decade. The parasite was recorded for the first time in Central Europe in 2003-2004, in eastern Slovakia, in pigs, rats and a cat from a pig breeding farm. In the following years, it was also repeatedly diagnosed in co-infection with T.

Ticks (Acari: Ixodidae) Parasitizing Red Foxes (Vulpes vulpes) in Slovakia and New Data About Subgenus Pholeoixodes Occurrence.

Background: Distribution and biology of Pholeoixodes ticks is not very well understood. The goal of the study was to collect new data on the Pholeoixodes tick occurrence in Slovakia.

Methods: Tick infestation of red foxes in the regions of Košice, Prešov, Bratislava and Žilina was studied during the period 2017-2018.

Seroprevalence of Echinococcus spp. and Toxocara spp. in Invasive Non-native American Mink.

Invasive non-native species can become reservoirs of zoonotic pathogens and cause their spread during colonization, increasing the risk of zoonoses transmission to both wild hosts and humans. American mink (Neovison vison) are considered an important invasive mammal species responsible for carrying endoparasites. The aim of our study was to evaluate the role of feral American mink as a possible transmission vector of Echinococcus spp.

Accumulation of α-2,6-sialyoglycoproteins in the Muscle Sarcoplasm Due to . Invasion.

The sialylation of the glycoproteins in skeletal muscle tissue is not well investigated, even though the essential role of the sialic acids for the proper muscular function has been proven by many researchers. The invasion of the parasitic nematode in the muscles with subsequent formation of Nurse cell-parasite complex initiates increased accumulation of sialylated glycoproteins within the affected area of the muscle fiber. The aim of this study is to describe some details of the α-2,6-sialylation in invaded muscle cells.

Degree of Bacterial Contamination of Mobile Phone and Computer Keyboard Surfaces and Efficacy of Disinfection with Chlorhexidine Digluconate and Triclosan to Its Reduction.

The main aim of our study was to verify the effectiveness of simple disinfection using wet wipes for reduction of microbial contamination of mobile phones and computer keyboards. Bacteriological swabs were taken before and after disinfection with disinfectant wipes with active ingredients chlorhexidine digluconate and triclosan. The incidence and type of microorganisms isolated before and after disinfection was evaluated; the difference was expressed as percentage of contamination reduction.

Update of the helminth fauna in Eurasian lynx (Lynx lynx) in Poland.

The Eurasian lynx (Lynx lynx) is a strictly protected species of large carnivore in Poland. It inhabits forest complexes in north-eastern Poland and the Carpathian region in southern Poland. The status of the lynx within Poland requires special attention because its range decreased between 1980 and 2001 and has not yet recovered.

Urbanization impact on mosquito community and the transmission potential of filarial infection in central Europe.

Background: Despite long-term research on dirofilariosis in Slovakia, little attention has thus far been paid to Dirofilaria vectors. The particular aim of the present study was molecular screening for filarioid parasites in two different habitats of Bratislava, the capital city of Slovakia. In addition, the effect of urbanisation on mosquito species abundance and composition, associated with the risk of mosquito-borne infections, was studied and discussed.

Endoparasites of the grey wolf (Canis lupus) in protected areas of Slovakia.

Although the grey wolf was on the brink of extinction in Central Europe in the last century, it never became extinct in Slovakia and nowadays its population is considered stable. The wolf population in Slovakia is estimated to be around 400 individuals with seasonal variations, and due to these small numbers, studies on the parasite fauna of wolf are scarce. Of the 35 parasitic species recorded worldwide in grey wolves in temperate and mountain zones of the Palearctic region, 15 were detected in Slovakia.

Nematode Thelazia callipaeda is spreading across Europe. The first survey of red foxes from Slovakia.

Canine thalaziosis caused by the spirurid nematode Thelazia callipaeda has started to spread across Western and Central Europe during the last decade. In Slovakia, the first autochthonous cases of this infection were recorded in 2016 in four dogs from the south-eastern part of the country. In August 2017 other autochthonous case, again from the same locality, was reported.

GIS-based environmental analysis of fox and canine lungworm distribution: an epidemiological study of Angiostrongylus vasorum and Crenosoma vulpis in red foxes from Slovakia.

Over a period of intervening years, the distribution of two canine cardiopulmonary metastrongylid nematodes, Angiostrongylus vasorum and Crenosoma vulpis, has been recognised in Central Europe. Here, we report the first epidemiological research conducted in red foxes from Slovakia and the potential influence of selected environmental variables on the parasites' occurrence, quantified by logistic regression. The environmental models revealed that distribution of C.