Three-dimensional analysis of 2 fusionless scoliosis treatments: a flexible ligament tether versus a rigid-shape memory alloy staple.

Study Design: Experimental scoliosis was created and subsequently corrected in goats. The 3-dimensional (3-D) effects of the treatments were analyzed.

Objective: To analyze the 3-D effect of 2 different fusionless scoliosis treatment techniques on an experimental idiopathic-type scoliosis using plain radiographs and computerized tomography.

A comprehensive analysis of recently integrated human Ta L1 elements.

The Ta (transcribed, subset a) subfamily of L1 LINEs (long interspersed elements) is characterized by a 3-bp ACA sequence in the 3' untranslated region and contains approximately 520 members in the human genome. Here, we have extracted 468 Ta L1Hs (L1 human specific) elements from the draft human genomic sequence and screened individual elements using polymerase-chain-reaction (PCR) assays to determine their phylogenetic origin and levels of human genomic diversity. One hundred twenty-four of the elements amenable to complete sequence analysis were full length ( approximately 6 kb) and have apparently escaped any 5' truncation.