Morphological and Genetic Analysis of Four Color Morphs of Bean Leaf Beetle.

Bean leaf beetle (BLB), Cerotoma trifurcata (Forster; Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae), exhibits considerable color variation but little is known about the underlying genetic structure and gene flow among color phenotypes. Genetic and morphological variation among four color phenotypes-green with spots (G+S), green without spots (G-S), red with spots (R+S) and red without spots (R-S)-were analyzed using amplified fragment length polymorphisms (AFLP) and morphometrics, respectively. AFLP generated 175 markers that showed ≥80% polymorphism.

TFAP2C regulates transcription in human naive pluripotency by opening enhancers.

Naive and primed pluripotent human embryonic stem cells bear transcriptional similarity to pre- and post-implantation epiblast and thus constitute a developmental model for understanding the pluripotent stages in human embryo development. To identify new transcription factors that differentially regulate the unique pluripotent stages, we mapped open chromatin using ATAC-seq and found enrichment of the activator protein-2 (AP2) transcription factor binding motif at naive-specific open chromatin. We determined that the AP2 family member TFAP2C is upregulated during primed to naive reversion and becomes widespread at naive-specific enhancers.

Evaluation of Eluxadoline Effect on Cardiac Repolarization.

This study evaluated the effects of eluxadoline, a mixed μ-opioid receptor (OR) and κ-OR agonist and δ-OR antagonist, on cardiac repolarization. This evaluator-blinded, placebo- and positive-controlled, 4-period crossover study randomized healthy men and women to single oral doses of eluxadoline (therapeutic dose 100 mg or supratherapeutic dose 1000 mg), moxifloxacin 400 mg, or placebo. QT data were corrected using individual custom correction (QTcI).

My Kind of Town (Chicago Is): Content Collections Optimize Learning Related to the 2018 AANA Annual Meeting.

The 2018 Arthroscopy Association of North America Annual Meeting represents an opportunity to deepen one's understanding of a wide variety of topics. Arthroscopy journal readers have diverse practices and interests, and the meeting is designed to accommodate individual needs. The constructivist learning theory provides that scholars learn in many different ways.

Patterns of Time Use across the Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Severity Spectrum.

Descriptions of time use patterns in people with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) are scarce and the relationship between use-of-time and COPD severity remains unclear. This study aimed to describe a typical day for people with COPD and to explore the differences in time-use patterns across the Body Mass-Index, Airflow Obstruction, Dyspnoea and Exercise Capacity (BODE) index using compositional analyses. Using a cross-sectional design, 141 adults with clinically stable COPD had their demographics, objective measures of function (pulmonary, exercise capacity and physical activity), and self-reported COPD-related impairment recorded.

An Examination of Adolescent Athletes and Nonathletes on Baseline Neuropsychological Test Scores.

Context:   An estimated 15.3 million adolescent students are enrolled in US high schools, with approximately 7.8 million participating in athletics.

Editorial Commentary: Go Ahead and Repair That Shoulder Rotator Cuff Tear in Your Obese Patient: Just Be Prepared to Admit Them.

Arthroscopic rotator cuff repair in the obese patient offers functional outcomes and rates of complications comparable to those seen in nonobese patients. Future prospective studies with better methodology, as well as including larger numbers of severely obese patients with a body mass index of 40 or greater, will help to further elucidate if obesity truly affects outcomes in rotator cuff repair. In the meantime, be sure to consider admission of your obese rotator cuff repair patients.

Reducing opioid overdose in Kazakhstan: A randomized controlled trial of a couple-based integrated HIV/HCV and overdose prevention intervention "Renaissance".

Objectives: To evaluate the efficacy of a couple-based integrated HIV/HCV and overdose prevention intervention on non-fatal and fatal overdose and overdose prevention behaviors among people who use heroin or other opioids in Almaty, Kazakhstan.

Methods: We selected 479 participants who reported lifetime heroin or opioid use from a sample of 600 participants (300 couples) enrolled in a randomized controlled trial (RCT) conducted between May 2009 and February 2013. Participants were randomized to either (1) a 5-session couple-based HIV/HCV and overdose prevention intervention condition or (2) a 5-session Wellness Promotion and overdose prevention comparison condition.

Natural biological control of Chrysodeixis includens.

A wide variety of abiotic and biotic factors act on insect pests to regulate their populations. Knowledge of the time and magnitude of these factors is fundamental to understanding population dynamics and developing efficient pest management systems. We investigate the natural mortality factors, critical pest stages, and key mortality factors that regulate Chrysodeixis includens populations via ecological life tables.

PRDM14 is expressed in germ cell tumors with constitutive overexpression altering human germline differentiation and proliferation.

Germ cell tumors (GCTs) are a heterogeneous group of tumors occurring in gonadal and extragonadal locations. GCTs are hypothesized to arise from primordial germ cells (PGCs), which fail to differentiate. One recently identified susceptibility loci for human GCT is PR (PRDI-BF1 and RIZ) domain proteins 14 (PRDM14).

Predicting 1-Year Postoperative Visual Analog Scale Pain Scores and American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons Function Scores in Total and Reverse Total Shoulder Arthroplasty.

Shared decision-making provides patients a measure of autonomy in making choices for their health and their future. Patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) use clinically sensitive and specific metrics to evaluate a patient's self-reported pain, functional ability, and mental state. We conducted a study to create an evidence-based clinical decision-making tool.

Editorial Commentary: Animal Trials Using Stem Cells to Enhance Anterior Cruciate Ligament Treatment Are Interesting. But, Why Not More About Us Humans?

Although hampered by heterogeneous studies with low methodologic quality and high risk for bias, the current literature demonstrates the potential for enhanced healing of anterior cruciate ligament injuries during the early phase using adult stem cells in animal trials. There are only 2 published controlled clinical trials on the subject matter, and they have small sample sizes, undefined cell numbers, and unstandardized selection criteria and surgical techniques. There is a clear need for studies with higher levels of evidence that would include long-term, larger animal studies ultimately leading to improved clinical trials.

Psychological Impact of Cognitive Rest Following Sport-Related Concussion on Low Socioeconomic Status Adolescent Patients.

Purpose: Describe the psychological impact of cognitive rest in adolescents recovering from concussion from sport-related concussion.

Methods: Eight male football players with a previous sport concussion and full recovery completed semi-structured interviews during focus group sessions. Using content analysis, the researchers independently analyzed notes and transcriptions to identify themes associated with the psychological impact of cognitive rest.

Acute-Contact and Chronic-Systemic In Vivo Bioassays: Regional Monitoring of Susceptibility to Thiamethoxam in Soybean Aphid (Hemiptera: Aphididae) Populations From the North Central United States.

Unlabelled: The risks associated with soybean aphid, Aphis glycines Matsumura (Hemiptera: Aphididae), in the North Central soybean systems has fostered the adoption of prophylactic chemical control practices, such as planting seeds treated with neonicotinoid insecticides, especially thiamethoxam. Consequently, there is a concern that increased selection pressure imposed on the arthropod-pest complex by this insecticide may lead to resistance. Therefore, in vivo bioassays were conducted to determine the susceptibility of soybean aphid to thiamethoxam among North Central U.

Consensus coding sequence (CCDS) database: a standardized set of human and mouse protein-coding regions supported by expert curation.

The Consensus Coding Sequence (CCDS) project provides a dataset of protein-coding regions that are identically annotated on the human and mouse reference genome assembly in genome annotations produced independently by NCBI and the Ensembl group at EMBL-EBI. This dataset is the product of an international collaboration that includes NCBI, Ensembl, HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee, Mouse Genome Informatics and University of California, Santa Cruz. Identically annotated coding regions, which are generated using an automated pipeline and pass multiple quality assurance checks, are assigned a stable and tracked identifier (CCDS ID).

Slower is not always better: Response-time evidence clarifies the limited role of miserly information processing in the Cognitive Reflection Test.

We report a study examining the role of 'cognitive miserliness' as a determinant of poor performance on the standard three-item Cognitive Reflection Test (CRT). The cognitive miserliness hypothesis proposes that people often respond incorrectly on CRT items because of an unwillingness to go beyond default, heuristic processing and invest time and effort in analytic, reflective processing. Our analysis (N = 391) focused on people's response times to CRT items to determine whether predicted associations are evident between miserly thinking and the generation of incorrect, intuitive answers.

A Chronic Cardiac Ischemia Model in Swine Using an Ameroid Constrictor.

Cardiovascular disease remains the number one cause of mortality in the United States. There are numerous approaches to treating these diseases, but regardless of the approach, an in vivo model is needed to test each treatment. The pig is one of the most used large animal models for cardiovascular disease.

Economic Injury Levels for Aphis glycines Matsumura (Hemiptera: Aphididae) on the Soybean Aphid Tolerant KS4202 Soybean.

The soybean aphid, Aphis glycines Matsumura (Hemiptera: Aphididae), is an invasive species from Asia that has been the major economic insect pest of soybeans, Glycine max (L.) Merrill, since 2000. While use of soybeans expressing antibiosis and antixenosis is a well-studied strategy to manage this pest, aphid-tolerant soybeans remain underexplored.

Establishing benchmarks for the volume-outcome relationship for common lumbar spine surgical procedures.

Background Context: The importance of surgeon volume as a quality measure has been defined for a number of surgical specialties. Meaningful procedural volume benchmarks have not been established, however, particularly with respect to lumbar spine surgery.

Purpose: We aimed to establish surgeon volume benchmarks for the performance of four common lumbar spine surgical procedures (discectomy, decompression, lumbar interbody fusion, and lumbar posterolateral fusion).

WHO Needs High FIO?

and the have recently recommended the use of 0.8 FIO in all adult surgical patients undergoing general anaesthesia, to prevent surgical site infections. This recommendation has arisen several discussions: As a matter of fact, there are numerous studies with different results about the effect of FIO on surgical site infection.

Diet of the prehistoric population of Rapa Nui (Easter Island, Chile) shows environmental adaptation and resilience.

Objectives: The Rapa Nui "ecocide" narrative questions whether the prehistoric population caused an avoidable ecological disaster through rapid deforestation and over-exploitation of natural resources. The objective of this study was to characterize prehistoric human diets to shed light on human adaptability and land use in an island environment with limited resources.

Materials And Methods: Materials for this study included human, faunal, and botanical remains from the archaeological sites Anakena and Ahu Tepeu on Rapa Nui, dating from c.