Posterior instrumentation and simultaneous intertransverse approach using transforaminal cage fusion for thoracic pseudoarthrosis in ankylosing spondylitis: a case report.

Background: Unrecognized or untreated injury in patients with ankylosing spondylitis (AS) may develop anterior column spinal pseudoarthrosis with an open wedge bone defect. The methods of surgical treatment are controversial. Combined anterior and posterior stabilizations or posterior instrumentation with osteoclasis are beneficial as shown in an existing literature review.