A Scale Development for Visual Literacy on Health Students and Professionals.

Objective: Viewing that there is a lack of valid and reliable measures to assess visual literacy in clinical and healthcare settings, this study aimed to develop a visual literacy scale to assess health students' and professionals' visual literacy, by which teachers can further help them sharpen their visual literacy skills and sensitivity to let them reach effective communication in clinical and healthcare settings.

Methods: The scale was constructed according to Slavec and Drnovšek's three-phase scale development process: theoretical significance and existence of the scale construct, representative data collection and appropriate data collection methods, and statistical analysis of data collection and statistical evidence of the scale construct. To investigate the psychometrical properties, the researchers first performed a pilot study on randomly selected 464 health students and professionals, using exploratory factor analysis (EFA) with SPSS to derive the hidden factor structure, and then on randomly selected 303 participants, using confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) with AMOS to validate the derived factor structure.

Narrative medicine and humanities for health professions education: an experimental study.

Background: Narrative medicine can serve as a tool to empathize with human beings' predicament and suffering. The research intended to examine whether the use of narrative medicine to form an empathetic connection could bring any positive impacts on health professions students.

Methods: A two-group quasi-experimental design was adopted to examine whether the intervention of narrative medicine to form an empathetic connection could demonstrate differences between the experimental group (35 students) and the control group (32 students) with regard to professional identity, self-reflection, emotional catharsis, and reflective writing competency.

The use of social cognitive learning for humanistic professional role modelling: impacts on awareness of humanistic professionalism, caring behaviour, and transitional anxiety.

Background: Although medical literature has highlighted the importance of role modelling, hardly any reveals how humanistic qualities and role modelling should be taught. This study aimed to determine whether the use of Bandura's social cognitive learning for humanistic professional role modelling could elicit any positive effect on medical university students' awareness of humanistic professionalism, caring behaviours, and school-to-work transitional anxiety.

Methods: We conducted a 16-week quasi-experimental study to examine whether the intervention could elicit any differences between the experimental group (BanduraSCLT - HPRM - Literature-and-Film Study;  = 34) and the control group (non-BanduraSCLT - HPRM - Literature-and-Film Study;  = 33), comprising of medical university students from the central part of Taiwan.

The Study of Learning Computer Programming for Students with Medical Fields of Specification-An Analysis via Structural Equation Modeling.

In this study, the authors constructed structural equation models in order to determine the relationship between students' learning attitudes and their computational thinking perspectives and programming empowerment. The purpose is to understand students' perceived competence to use computational thinking effectively, along with their computer programming learning attitude regarding the C++ programming language for one semester (2 hours per week, 36 total learning hours). A total of 495 students specializing in the medical field participated in the study.

Development and psychometric testing of a scale measuring caring behaviors for healthcare students and providers.

This study intended to develop and assess the psychometric properties of a caring behavior scale on healthcare students and providers (CBS-HSP) in a Taiwanese population. After a literature review was conducted and an expert panel was consulted for item generation, 104 items for the CBS-HSP scale were derived on a nine-point Likert scale, with 9 indicating 'extremely important' and 1 indicating 'extremely unimportant.' A pilot study was then conducted with seven hundred forty-eight healthcare students and providers in Taiwan for further data analysis.

Reducing Waste in Healthcare through Occupational Safety and Health Measures: A Study of Manufacturing Industries in Taiwan.

Occupational accidents and diseases cause the loss of valuable workers and lead to high healthcare expenses. Because occupational accidents and diseases are ascribed to inadequate working conditions and work environments, they can be prevented through a well-established occupational safety and health management system, which can ensure workers' health and reduce the expense of healthcare. The study investigated the shortage of work-related occupational safety and health (OSH) measures in medium-sized manufacturing industries.

Development and Validation of a Scale Measuring Humanistic Professional Awareness for Healthcare Students and Providers.

Objective: This study aimed to develop an appropriate scale accessing healthcare students' and providers' humanistic professional awareness (HPAS-HSP).

Methods: Following a literature review, stakeholder interviews, and panel discussions for item generation, 65 items for the HPAS-HSP scale were created based on a nine-point Likert scale, with 9 indicating "strongly agree" and 1 indicating "strongly disagree." A pilot study using exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), with seven hundred twenty-five medical care students and providers in Taiwan as the total sample number of the study, was administered to examine the practicability of the HPAS-HSP scale.

Development of a Scale Measuring Emotional Catharsis through Illness Narratives.

Objective: This study intended to construct a scale measuring the catharsis effect on medical professionals or students through illness narratives (ECS-IN).

Methods: After a systematic literature review and panel discussion, the researchers conducted a pilot study with a sample of seven hundred and eighty-two randomly selected healthcare students and providers in Taiwan to examine psychometric properties using exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) for item derivation and factor extraction. The researchers also tested the validities and reliabilities of the ECS-IN scale to confirm its feasibility.

Development and Validation of a Chinese Version of a School-to-Work Transition Anxiety Scale for Healthcare Students.

Objective: The aim of this paper was to develop an appropriate scale measuring healthcare students' anxiety during the transition from school to work.

Methods: After an extensive literature review and panel discussion to prove the face validity and content validity, the initial item pool was reduced to 52 items. In a pilot study, a sample of four hundred and twenty-four healthcare students participated, and exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) were used.

Prelicensure Nursing Students' COVID-19 Attitude Impact on Nursing Career Decision during Pandemic Threat in Taiwan: A Cross-Sectional Study.

The COVID-19 pandemic may cause a nursing shortage. Prelicensure nursing students who are exposed to high-stress COVID-19 events are related to defective career decision-making. This study validated the COVID-19 attitude scale and clarified how their attitudes about COVID-19 affected their behavioral intentions toward career decision-making.

Integrating the Gender Perspective into Literature Studies to Enhance Medical University Students' Gender Awareness and Critical Thinking.

Objective: This study attempted to integrate the gender perspective into literature studies to allow medical university students to examine internalized gender prescriptions and investigate whether the integration of the gender perspective into literature studies would create any difference among students in gender awareness and critical thinking.

Methods: This study used fifteen-week quasi-experimental research to verify the feasibility of using the gender perspective in literature studies to arouse medical university students' gender awareness and critical thinking. Before and after the intervention, a gender awareness test and a critical thinking disposition test were carried out by both the experimental group (41 students) and control group (41 students).

Development and Validation of a Chinese Version of a Professional Identity Scale for Healthcare Students and Professionals.

This study was intended to develop a comprehensive and psychometrically adequate professional identity scale for healthcare students and professionals based on Taiwanese cultural contexts. In order to elicit a more consistent result of the psychometric indices of the newly developed scale, the study adopted a combination of exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) to examine the consistency of the scale factors. In a pilot study of 562 randomly selected healthcare students and professionals, the EFA yielded a 33-item four-factor model with the terms "professional commitment & devotion" (16 items; 47.

Storytelling in Medical Education: Narrative Medicine as a Resource for Interdisciplinary Collaboration.

The study intended to use narrative medicine study for interdisciplinary collaboration to let medical and healthcare students have a chance to interact with one another and listen to patients' stories to enhance students' reflective thinking, communication, empathy, and narrative medicine writing skills. A fifteen-week quasi-experimental design was used to examine the learning outcomes of the intervention. Two groups of students were randomly assigned as the experimental group (33 students) and the control group (32 students).

The Application of GSCM in Eliminating Healthcare Waste: Hospital EDC as an Example.

Eliminating unnecessary healthcare waste in hospitals and providing better healthcare quality are the core issues of green supply chain management (GSCM). Hence, this study used a hospital's emergency department crowding (EDC) problem to illustrate how to establish an emergency medicine service (EMS) simulation system to obtain a robust parameters setting for solving hospitals' EDC and waste problems, thereby increasing healthcare quality. Inappropriate resource allocation results in more serious EDC; more serious EDC results in increasing operating costs.

The Impact of the Hazard Correlation between Risk Factors and Diabetes.

This study examined the occurrence of diabetes and sustainable risk factors in residents aged 30 and above of a community in Taoyuan County, Taiwan. The main purpose of this research was to explore the correlations between related variables and the occurrence of diabetes. The demographic variables, health exam variables, healthy behavior variables, and environmental variables had obvious impacts on the risk of diabetes.

The application of heterogeneous cluster grouping to reflective writing for medical humanities literature study to enhance students' empathy, critical thinking, and reflective writing.

Background: To facilitate interdisciplinary collaboration and to make connections between patients' diseases and their social/cultural contexts, the study examined whether the use of heterogeneous cluster grouping in reflective writing for medical humanities literature acquisition could have positive effects on medical university students in terms of empathy, critical thinking, and reflective writing.

Methods: A 15-week quasi-experimental design was conducted to investigate the learning outcomes. After conducting cluster algorithms, heterogeneous learning clusters (experimental group; n = 43) and non-heterogeneous learning clusters (control group; n = 43) were derived for a medical humanities literature study.

The Relationship of Vocabulary Learning Strategies and Self-Efficacy with Medical English and Terminology.

This study examined the relationship between the use of vocabulary learning strategies and self-efficacy in medical English learning, and whether after an initial six-week course to master the basics of medical terminology, those with higher use of vocabulary learning strategies and those with a higher degree of self-efficacy would have significant score improvements in the medical English proficiency. Second-year medical students (N = 115; M age = 19.6, SD = 0.

Hazard Prevention Regarding Occupational Accidents Involving Blue-Collar Foreign Workers: A Perspective of Taiwanese Manpower Agencies.

Since 1989, blue-collar foreign workers have been permitted to work in Taiwanese industries. Most blue-collar foreign workers apply for jobs in Taiwan through blue-collar foreign workers' agencies. Because blue-collar foreign workers are not familiar with the language and culture in Taiwan, in occupational accident education and hazard prevention, the agencies play an important role in the coordination and translation between employees and blue-collar foreign workers.

Using Complementary Learning Clusters in Studying Literature to Enhance Students' Medical Humanities Literacy, Critical Thinking, and English Proficiency.

This study examined whether students studying literature in complementary learning clusters would show more improvement in medical humanities literacy, critical thinking skills, and English proficiency compared to those in conventional learning clusters. Ninety-three students participated in the study (M age = 18.2 years, SD = 0.

The Study of an Optimal Robust Design and Adjustable Ordering Strategies in the HSCM.

The purpose of this study was to establish a hospital supply chain management (HSCM) model in which three kinds of drugs in the same class and with the same indications were used in creating an optimal robust design and adjustable ordering strategies to deal with a drug shortage. The main assumption was that although each doctor has his/her own prescription pattern, when there is a shortage of a particular drug, the doctor may choose a similar drug with the same indications as a replacement. Four steps were used to construct and analyze the HSCM model.

CONSTRUCTION AND VALIDATION OF A MEANING IN LIFE SCALE IN THE TAIWANESE CULTURAL CONTEXT.

The objective was to construct and validate a Chinese-language Meaning in Life Scale (MiLS) and to assess its psychometric properties. The three most popular scales have some weaknesses and are grounded in a Western cultural context. Consequently, a comprehensive and psychometrically adequate meaning in life scale is needed for use in Asian samples.

Creating a positive learning environment for students with English classroom anxiety.

Students situated in post-structural feminist pedagogical learning (PFPL) in a freshman English course (37 students) were expected to have lower English classroom anxiety, score higher in English, and have greater satisfaction with the class they attended than those in conventional lecture classes (40 students). Seventy-four students participated in the study (M age=18.5 yr.

A recommended integrated mechanism to enhance OSH management of blue-collar foreign workers in Taiwan.

This study examines the roles and functions of businesses, labor-exporting countries' representative offices in Taiwan, religious organizations, and manpower agencies in promoting occupational safety and health (OSH). It also offers advice to Taiwanese authorities on making policies and improvements regarding the oversight mechanism mandated by the Labor Safety and Health Act, giving them an idea of what to focus on when enforcing control over blue-collar foreign workers' OSH conditions. This study also proposes that Taiwanese authorities may serve not only as an overseer/inspector of those hiring blue-collar foreign workers in Taiwan, but also expand their role to lay down policies regarding a variety of OSH teaching materials in the blue-collar foreign workers' native languages (spoken or written), the qualifications of translators in blue-collar foreign workers' OSH training programs, and regulations concerning the longer hours such training programs take.

The study of the optimal parameter settings in a hospital supply chain system in Taiwan.

This study proposed the optimal parameter settings for the hospital supply chain system (HSCS) when either the total system cost (TSC) or patient safety level (PSL) (or both simultaneously) was considered as the measure of the HSCS's performance. Four parameters were considered in the HSCS: safety stock, maximum inventory level, transportation capacity, and the reliability of the HSCS. A full-factor experimental design was used to simulate an HSCS for the purpose of collecting data.