Concepts, electrode configuration, characterization, and data analytics of electric and electrochemical microfluidic platforms: a review.

Microfluidic cytometry (MC) and electrical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) are two important techniques in biomedical engineering. Microfluidic cytometry has been utilized in various fields such as stem cell differentiation and cancer metastasis studies, and provides a simple, label-free, real-time method for characterizing and monitoring cellular fates. The impedance microdevice, including impedance flow cytometry (IFC) and electrical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), is integrated into MC systems.

Development of highly sensitive, flexible dual L-glutamate and GABA microsensors for in vivo brain sensing.

Real-time tracking of neurotransmitter levels in vivo has been technically challenging due to the low spatiotemporal resolution of current methods. Since the imbalance of cortical excitation/inhibition (E:I) ratios are associated with a variety of neurological disorders, accurate monitoring of excitatory and inhibitory neurotransmitter levels is crucial for investigating the underlying neural mechanisms of these conditions. Specifically, levels of the excitatory neurotransmitter L-glutamate, and the inhibitory neurotransmitter GABA, are assumed to play critical roles in the E:I balance.

Towards Multiplexed and Multimodal Biosensor Platforms in Real-Time Monitoring of Metabolic Disorders.

Metabolic syndrome (MS) is a cluster of conditions that increases the probability of heart disease, stroke, and diabetes, and is very common worldwide. While the exact cause of MS has yet to be understood, there is evidence indicating the relationship between MS and the dysregulation of the immune system. The resultant biomarkers that are expressed in the process are gaining relevance in the early detection of related MS.

Fabrication of Highly Sensitive Pt-black Electrochemical Sensors for GABA Detection.

GABA (Gamma-aminobutyric acid) is the main inhibitory neurotransmitter in the central nervous system of mammals. It is known to be related with various neurological disorders. GABA plays a crucial role in normal neuronal activity, information processing and plasticity, and neuronal network synchronization.

A novel sigma-like glutathione transferase of Taenia solium metacestode.

GSTs are a group of multifunctional enzymes, whose major functions involve catalysis of conjugation of glutathione thiolate anion with a multitude of bi-substrates or transportation of a range of hydrophobic ligands. Helminth GSTs are intimately involved in the scavenging of endogenously/exogenously-derived toxic compounds and xenobiotics. In this study, we identified a novel GST gene of Taenia solium metacestodes (TsMs), which is a causative agent of neurocysticercosis.