Peak width of skeletonized mean diffusivity might be a better neuroimage marker for cognitive functions in Cerebral Autosomal Dominant Arteriopathy with Subcortical Infarcts and Leukoencephalopathy (CADASIL).

Background: Cerebral Autosomal Dominant Arteriopathy with Subcortical Infarcts and Leukoencephalopathy (CADASIL) is a monogenic subcortical ischemic vascular dementia (SIVD) caused NOTCH3 gene mutations. Many different neuroimaging methods have been used to investigate the association between neuroimaging changes and clinical symptoms. We investigated the correlation between peak width of skeletonized mean diffusivity (PSMD) values and cognitive functions in preclinical CADASIL patients without a history of stroke or dementia, comparing them to white matter hyperintensities (WMH) volumes.

Performance of Convolutional Neural Network Models in Meningioma Segmentation in Magnetic Resonance Imaging: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Background: Meningioma, the most common primary brain tumor, presents significant challenges in MRI-based diagnosis and treatment planning due to its diverse manifestations. Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) have shown promise in improving the accuracy and efficiency of meningioma segmentation from MRI scans. This systematic review and meta-analysis assess the effectiveness of CNN models in segmenting meningioma using MRI.

SIH-EBP score for prediction of efficacy of epidural blood patching in an independent cohort of patients with spontaneous intracranial hypotension.

Background: Epidural blood patching (EBP) is the primary treatment for spontaneous intracranial hypotension (SIH), although multiple attempts may sometimes be necessary. The SIH-EBP score, with a cutoff of ≥3, predicts the response to the first EBP. However, its generalizability requires further confirmation.

Predictive Value of Clinical and Dual-Energy Computed Tomography Parameters for Hemorrhagic Transformation and Long-Term Outcomes Following Endovascular Thrombectomy.

Objective: This study's objective was to explore whether certain parameters measurable by dual-energy computed tomography (DECT) performed 24 h after endovascular thrombectomy (EVT) can predict subsequent hemorrhagic transformation.

Material And Methods: We retrospectively reviewed patients with acute ischemic stroke (AIS) managed with EVT who had follow-up DECT within 24 h post-EVT between January 2019 and December 2023. Clinical and image parameters were recorded for predictive factor analysis.

Routine whole spine magnetic resonance imaging for patients with anorectal malformations.

To evaluate the necessity of performing whole spine magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) as opposed to solely lumbosacral MRI for detecting high-level spinal lesions (in the brain, cervical, or thoracic spine) in patients with anorectal malformations (ARM). This retrospective cohort study included 69 patients treated for ARM at a medical center between January 2011 and January 2022. Before March 2021, lumbosacral MRI was used for patients with ARM.

Using High-Resolution Vessel Wall Magnetic Resonance Images in a Patient of Intracranial Artery Dissection Related Acute Infarction.

Acute ischemic stroke in young adults typically carries significant implications for morbidity, mortality, and long-term disability. In this study, we describe the case of a 34-year-old male with no prior medical history who presented with symptoms of right-sided weakness and slurred speech, suggesting an acute ischemic stroke. Initial CT angiography revealed an occlusion in the left M2 segment middle cerebral artery (MCA).

Prenatal Imaging of Supratentorial Fetal Brain Malformation.

This review article provides a comprehensive overview of fetal MR imaging in supratentorial cerebral malformations. It emphasizes the importance of fetal MR imaging as an adjunct diagnostic tool used alongside ultrasound, improving the detection and characterization of prenatal brain abnormalities. This article reviews a spectrum of cerebral malformations, their MR imaging features, and the clinical implications of these findings.

MRl and MRS hints for the differentiation of cerebellar multiple system atrophy from spinocerebellar ataxia type II.

Background And Objectives: The differentiation of spinocerebellar ataxia type II (SCA 2) from idiopathic multiple systemic atrophy of the cerebellar type (MSA-C) is often difficult in patients with cerebellar ataxia when molecular testing is not available. Besides genetic testing, magnetic resonance imagining (MRI) and magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) prove to be beneficial. Nevertheless, the characteristics observed through radiology change as the disease advances.

Reply to Kim et al. Acute Hemorrhagic Encephalomyelitis in the Context of MOG Antibody-Associated Disease. Comment on "Chen et al. Rapid Progressive Fatal Acute Hemorrhagic Encephalomyelitis. 2023, , 2481".

We want to express our appreciation for the insightful comments [...

CNS Involvement of DLBCL Presenting with an Unusual Non-Enhancing Infiltrative Mass.

Central nervous system (CNS) involvement in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is relatively uncommon, occurring in approximately 5% of cases, with the majority of instances manifesting during relapse and often associated with poor prognoses. The aim of this case report is to present a unique occurrence of non-enhancing relapse of CNS lymphoma. Significantly, the patient had recently encountered a disease involvement in the axilla region, and subsequent to scheduled chemotherapy, she developed persistent neurological symptoms, leading to the discovery of a relapse of the CNS lymphoma.

Extracranial metastasis of pediatric glioblastoma: case report and literature review.

Glioblastoma (GBM) is a rare primary brain tumor in children, and extracranial metastases of pediatric GBM are particularly uncommon. We present the case of a 10-year-old girl with pediatric GBM who developed multiple extracranial metastases, including cervical lymph nodes, spine, and lung. We discuss the rarity of extracranial metastases in GBM and explore possible mechanisms of dissemination.

Rapid Progressive Fatal Acute Hemorrhagic Encephalomyelitis.

Acute hemorrhagic encephalomyelitis (AHEM) is the most severe form of acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM). Patients with AHEM usually have unfavorable outcomes with high mortality rate. We reported a middle-aged male, who was diagnosed with AHEM and died 35 days after admission even under intensive immune therapy.

Re-irradiation combined with bevacizumab for recurrent glioblastoma beyond bevacizumab failure: survival outcomes and prognostic factors.

The combination of re-irradiation and bevacizumab has emerged as a potential therapeutic strategy for patients experiencing their first glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) recurrence. This study aims to assess the effectiveness of the re-irradiation and bevacizumab combination in treating second-progression GBM patients who are resistant to bevacizumab monotherapy. This retrospective study enrolled 64 patients who developed a second progression after single-agent bevacizumab therapy.

Percutaneous endoscopic lumbar discectomy for L5-S1 disc herniation based on image analysis and clinical findings: A retrospective review of 345 cases.

The effect of spinal anatomical anomalies on the efficacy of percutaneous endoscopic lumbar discectomy (PELD) for disc herniation repair is unclear. This retrospective review aims to assess the safety and effectiveness of PELD for treating L5-S1 disc herniation with a range of characteristics and to determine the prevalence of lumbosacral transitional vertebrae (LSTV) anatomical anomalies to facilitate pre-surgical planning. From July 2005 to June 2019, 345 patients with L5-S1 disc herniations were treated with PELD.

Cortical thickness and diffusion tensor imaging in patients with neuropsychiatric systemic lupus erythematosus, with normal structure on brain MRI.

Objectives: Neuropsychiatric systemic lupus erythematosus (NPSLE) is associated with adverse outcomes; however, imaging abnormalities are only detectable by conventional brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in up to 50% of patients. This study investigated the variability in cortical thickness and diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) parameters among patients with NPSLE whose brain morphology appeared normal on conventional MRI.

Methods: This retrospective study enrolled 27 female patients with NPSLE (median age: 41.

Imaging markers of cerebral amyloid angiopathy and hypertensive arteriopathy differentiate Alzheimer disease subtypes synergistically.

Background: Both cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA) and hypertensive arteriopathy (HA) are related to cognitive impairment and dementia. This study aimed to clarify CAA- and HA-related small vessel disease (SVD) imaging marker associations with cognitive dysfunction and Alzheimer disease (AD) subtypes.

Methods: A sample of 137 subjects with clinically diagnosed late-onset AD identified from the dementia registry of a single center from January 2017 to October 2021 were enrolled.

Accuracy of MRI derived cerebral aqueduct flow parameters in the diagnosis of idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus.

Idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus (iNPH) is a potentially reversible cause of dementia-like symptoms among the elderly. Current diagnostic guidelines for iNPH rely on clinical manifestations and ventricular morphology, which often lack accuracy. While magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) CSF flowmetry of the cerebral aqueduct provides a noninvasive aid to differential diagnosis, previous studies suffered from small sample sizes.

Quantitative Measurement of Spinal Cerebrospinal Fluid by Cascade Artificial Intelligence Models in Patients with Spontaneous Intracranial Hypotension.

Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) hypovolemia is the core of spontaneous intracranial hypotension (SIH). More than 1000 magnetic resonance myelography (MRM) images are required to evaluate each subject. An effective spinal CSF quantification method is needed.

Radiological hints for differentiation of cerebellar multiple system atrophy from spinocerebellar ataxia.

Differentiation cerebellar multiple systemic atrophy (MSA-C) from spinocerebellar ataxia (SCA) is important. The "hot cross bun" sign (HCBS) at pons and magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) are helpful. However, the prevalence of HCBS and the alteration of cerebellar MRS parameters are evolving with disease progression.

Prediction of Target Epidural Blood Patch Treatment Efficacy in Spontaneous Intracranial Hypotension Using Follow-Up MRI.

Objectives: Epidural blood patching (EBP) is the mainstay therapy for spontaneous intracranial hypotension (SIH). MRI is used for evaluating spinal CSF leakage. Post-EBP MRI has been.

Imaging Markers of Subcortical Vascular Dementia in Patients With Multiple-Lobar Cerebral Microbleeds.

Small vessel disease (SVD) imaging markers are related to ischemic and hemorrhage stroke and to cognitive dysfunction. This study aimed to clarify the relationship between SVD imaging markers and subcortical vascular dementia in severe SVD burden. A total of 57 subjects with multiple lobar cerebral microbleeds (CMBs) and four established SVD imaging markers were enrolled from the dementia and stroke registries of a single center.

Magnetic resonance imaging predicted the therapeutic response of patients with spinal cerebrospinal fluid leakage undergoing targeted epidural blood patch.

Objective: Most patients with spinal cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leakage require an epidural blood patch (EBP); however, the response to treatment is varied. This study aimed to compare the MRI findings at follow-up between EBP effective and non-effective groups and to identify imaging findings that predict EBP treatment failure.

Methods: We retrospectively reviewed 48 patients who received EBP treatment for spinal CSF leakage.

Risk factors for nonresponsive hydration in patients with spinal cerebrospinal fluid leakage.

Background: Spinal cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leakage is frequently encountered clinically after lumbar puncture or spontaneous events. Although some patients recover without treatment or after intensive hydration, some require an epidural blood patch (EBP). The risks of nonresponsive hydration remain unknown.