Development and physicochemical characterization of a biodegradable microspheres formulation loaded with samarium-153 and doxorubicin for chemo-radioembolization of liver tumours.

Transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) and transarterial radioembolization (TARE) are promising treatments for unresectable liver tumours. Some recent studies suggested that combining TACE and TARE in one treatment course might improve treatment efficacy through synergistic cytotoxicity effects. Nonetheless, current formulations do not facilitate a combination of chemo- and radio-embolic agents in one delivery system.

Evaluation of Therapeutic Efficacy and Imaging Capabilities of SmO-Loaded Polystyrene Microspheres for Intra-Tumoural Radionuclide Therapy of Liver Cancer Using Sprague-Dawley Rat Model.

Neutron-activated samarium-153-oxide-loaded polystyrene ([Sm]SmO-PS) microspheres has been developed in previous study as a potential theranostic agent for hepatic radioembolization. In this study, the therapeutic efficacy and diagnostic imaging capabilities of the formulation was assessed using liver cancer Sprague-Dawley (SD) rat model. Twelve male SD rats (150-200 g) that implanted with N1-S1 hepatoma cell line orthotopically were divided into two groups (study versus control) to monitor the tumour growth along 60 days of treatment.

Operational nuclear research reactors in the Asia-Pacific with potential for medical radionuclide production.

Personalised cancer treatment is of growing importance and can be achieved via targeted radionuclide therapy. Radionuclides with theranostic properties are proving to be clinically effective and are widely used because diagnostic imaging and therapy can be accomplished using a single formulation that avoids additional procedures and unnecessary radiation burden to the patient. For diagnostic imaging, single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) or positron emission tomography (PET) is used to obtain functional information noninvasively by detecting the gamma (γ) rays emitted from the radionuclide.

Development of neutron-activated samarium-153-loaded polystyrene microspheres as a potential theranostic agent for hepatic radioembolization.

Purpose: Hepatic radioembolization is an effective minimally invasive treatment for primary and metastatic liver cancers. Yttrium-90 [90Y]-labelled resin or glass beads are typically used as the radioembolic agent for this treatment; however, these are not readily available in many countries. In this study, novel samarium-153 oxide-loaded polystyrene ([153Sm]Sm2O3-PS) microspheres were developed as a potential alternative to 90Y microspheres for hepatic radioembolization.

Neutron-activated theranostic radionuclides for nuclear medicine.

Theranostics in nuclear medicine refers to personalized patient management that involves targeted therapy and diagnostic imaging using a single or combination of radionuclide (s). The radionuclides emit both alpha (α) or beta (β) particles and gamma (γ) rays which possess therapeutic and diagnostic capabilities, respectively. However, the production of these radionuclides often faces difficulties due to high cost, complexity of preparation methods and that the products are often sourced far from the healthcare facilities, hence losing activity due to radioactive decay during transportation.

Neutron-activated biodegradable samarium-153 acetylacetonate-poly-L-lactic acid microspheres for intraarterial radioembolization of hepatic tumors.

Background: Liver cancer is the 6 most common cancer in the world and the 4 most common death from cancer worldwide. Hepatic radioembolization is a minimally invasive treatment involving intraarterial administration of radioembolic microspheres.

Aim: To develop a neutron-activated, biodegradable and theranostics samarium-153 acetylacetonate (SmAcAc)-poly-L-lactic acid (PLLA) microsphere for intraarterial radioembolization of hepatic tumors.

Preparation and In Vitro Evaluation of Neutron-Activated, Theranostic Samarium-153-Labeled Microspheres for Transarterial Radioembolization of Hepatocellular Carcinoma and Liver Metastasis.

Introduction: Transarterial radioembolization (TARE) has been proven as an effective treatment for unresectable liver tumor. In this study, neutron activated, Sm-labeled microspheres were developed as an alternative to Y-labeled microspheres for hepatic radioembolization. Sm has a theranostic advantage as it emits both therapeutic beta and diagnostic gamma radiations simultaneously, in comparison to the pure beta emitter, Y.