Regulation of autocrine gastrin expression by the TGF alpha autocrine loop.

Gastrin is transcriptionally responsive to EGF stimulation (Merchant et al., 1991, Mol. Cell.

Initial experience with asynchronous transfer mode for use in a medical imaging network.

Picture archiving and communication Systems (PACS) for medical imaging have always suffered from band-width limitations, throughput, and proprietary protocols. Commercially available local area networks have been hard pressed to meet the requirements of image transfer in a time consistent with patient-care needs. Recent technologic advances provide potential solutions to these constraints.

Interval breast cancers are not biologically distinct--just more difficult to diagnose.

Background: Breast cancer diagnosed within 1 year of a negative annual screening examination is called interval breast cancer (IBC) and is considered to be a more virulent subtype of disease.

Methods: We reviewed clinical data on 24 women who were diagnosed as having IBC while participating in the Breast Cancer Detection Demonstration Project at Ellis Fischel Cancer Hospital and the Women's Cancer Control Program screening project in Columbia, Missouri, between 1974 and 1992. We reinterpreted mammograms from the visit prior to the diagnosis of IBC for possible misdiagnosis, changes suggestive of malignancy, and Wolfe's patterns.

A multimethod analysis of families with a polydrug-dependent or normal adolescent daughter.

We compared behavioral interactions and perceived relationships in families of drug-dependent and normal adolescent girls. A total of 29 family triads including father, mother, and teenage daughter participated. L.

Autocrine transforming growth factor-beta 1 and beta 2 expression is increased by cell crowding and quiescence in colon carcinoma cells.

Although a great deal is known about the cellular effects of exogenous transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta) treatment and the effects of various exogenous agents (including TGF-beta's themselves) on TGF-beta expression, studies of cellular controls for autocrine TGF-beta expression and function have been rare. Since exogenous TGF-beta treatment blocks progression through the cell cycle, it seemed likely that autocrine TGF-beta activity would be induced by growth states in which there was little or no cell division such as confluency or quiescence. Specific TGF-beta 1 or beta 2 neutralizing antibody treatment of a colon carcinoma cell line designated CBS showed that autocrine TGF-beta activity could be demonstrated in quiescent cells but not in preconfluent cells.

Five-year survival in breast cancer treated with adjuvant immunotherapy.

In this follow-up report of the treatment of primary breast cancer with adjuvant immunotherapy, a total of 95 patients were studied: 46 patients with stage I breast cancer and 49 patients with stage II breast cancer. All patients underwent standard surgical treatment and received immunotherapy as adjuvant treatment. Patients received a primary series of eight doses (1 mL of tumor-associated antigen preparation given as 0.

The contribution of non-insulin-dependent diabetes to lower-extremity amputation in the community.

Background: Despite the significant public health burden of lower-extremity amputations in diabetes mellitus, few data are available on the epidemiology of lower-extremity amputations in diabetes mellitus in the community setting.

Methods: A retrospective incidence cohort study based in Rochester, Minn, was conducted.

Results: Among the 2015 diabetic individuals free of lower-extremity amputation at the diagnosis of diabetes mellitus, 57 individuals underwent 79 lower-extremity amputations (incidence, 375 per 100,000 person-years; 95% confidence interval, 297 to 467).

Cognitive, behavioral, and family factors in the differentiation of depressive and anxiety disorders during childhood.

Contribution of cognitive, behavioral, and family environment variables to the differentiation of depressive and anxiety disorders in children was explored. Fifty-nine children from Grades 4-7 (14 diagnosed with a depressive disorder, 16 diagnosed with depressive and anxiety disorders, 11 diagnosed with an anxiety disorder, and 18 nondisturbed controls) completed measures of the depressive cognitive triad, depressive cognitions, social skills, family environment, and maladaptive family messages. Results of a stepwise discriminant function analysis indicated that 2 discriminant functions composed of 7 variables from the cognitive, behavioral, and family environment domains accounted for 91% of the between-groups variance.

Repression of autocrine transforming growth factor beta 1 and beta 2 in quiescent CBS colon carcinoma cells leads to progression of tumorigenic properties.

Previous work has shown that repression of negative autocrine transforming growth factor (TGF) beta 1 did not alter the growth rate of a human colon carcinoma cell line, but the time required for the cells to enter exponential growth from lag phase was reduced (S. P. Wu, D.

Time comparison of intensive care units with and without digital viewing systems.

As hospital radiology departments and intensive care units (ICUs) make plans to use or expand the usage of digital data outside of the radiology department, the need to assess the requirements of the potential recipients in the ICUs has become more important. The present operations in an ICU that uses digital viewing instead of film has been compared with a unit that does not. The difference in time between x-ray exposure and final image viewing was determined in both settings and compared.

Physician experience with viewing digital radiographs in an intensive care unit environment.

After several years of continuous operation, the utility of digital viewing stations as assessed by bedside clinicians has been investigated through the distribution of questionnaires to past and present users. The results of the questionnaire have indicated that the bedside physicians prefer using the workstations over handling film. For evaluation of line placements, chest tubes, and pleural effusions, the physicians prefer softcopy display over hardcopy.

TGF-beta 1 is an autocrine-negative growth regulator of human colon carcinoma FET cells in vivo as revealed by transfection of an antisense expression vector.

Transforming growth factor-beta 1 (TGF-beta 1) has previously been implicated as a potential negative autocrine or paracrine growth regulator of certain cell types (Arteaga, C. L., R.

Melanoma tumor vaccine: five-year follow-up.

For many years, various melanoma vaccines have been employed. This is a unique melanoma vaccine in that it is a subcellular tumor homogenate and no adjuvants have been added. This vaccine has been given to 129 stage I and 61 stage II melanoma patients.

Immune responsiveness of patients with malignant melanoma and carcinoma of the breast.

Lymphocyte blastogenesis (LB) with PHA, CON-A, PWM, VII (homologous tumor extract) plus T/B ratio for pre-IT, post-IT (2 months), and 3, 6, 9, 12, 18, and 24 months prior to each VII booster are reported. Pre-IT and post-IT LB-PHA were similar for Stage I (ST I) or Stage II (ST II) breast cancer (BC) patients who expired or survived. The pre-booster results were similar except that prior to death, stimulation with PHA decreased.

Transesophageal echocardiography in renal cell carcinoma: an accurate diagnostic technique for intracaval neoplastic extension.

Between 4 and 10% of patients with renal cell carcinoma have tumor involving the inferior vena cava and many of these patients have suprahepatic extension. In patients with intracaval neoplastic extension precise definition of the superior aspect of the tumor thrombus is critical. Transabdominal ultrasonography, computerized tomography (CT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and inferior venacavography are all currently used to evaluate the inferior vena cava in these patients.

Evidence for c-myc in the signaling pathway for TGF-beta in well-differentiated human colon carcinoma cells.

Previously, we described a model culture system for comparing responsiveness of poorly differentiated and well-differentiated human colon carcinoma cells to exogenous growth factors. While polypeptide growth stimulators elicited an up-regulation of c-myc, as well as a mitogenic response in the well-differentiated cells, the poorly differentiated cells were insensitive to exogenous growth stimulators. We now show, by thymidine incorporation experiments and autoradiographic analysis, that transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF-beta) abrogated the mitogenic responses to the growth factors epidermal growth factor + insulin + transferrin (IC50 = 0.

Inhibitory effects of transforming growth factor beta 1 on mitogenic response, transforming growth factor alpha, and c-myc in quiescent, well-differentiated colon carcinoma cells.

Previously, we reported that exponentially proliferating cultures of well-differentiated human colon carcinoma cells responded to transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF-beta) with growth inhibition, alterations in morphology, and increased secretion of the differentiation marker, carcinoembryonic antigen. Poorly differentiated cultures were unresponsive. Here we show that TGF-beta was ineffective in repressing nutrient-stimulated mitogenesis in quiescent, poorly differentiated cells.

Renal complications in non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus.

Renal failure among elderly individuals with diabetes is a substantial clinical and public health problem. These individuals account for the majority of renal failure among people with diabetes mellitus in the United States. Although limited population-based data directly provide evidence regarding the incidence of and risk factors for ESRD, extant data suggest that blacks and Pima Indians have a markedly increased risk of ESRD compared with whites in the United States.

Perceived family environments of depressed and anxious children: child's and maternal figure's perspectives.

This study examined perceived environment among families with a depressed, depressed and anxious, anxious, or normal child from the 4th to 7th grades. Fifty-one such children were classified according to criteria from the K-SADS and a set of self-ratings of depression and anxiety. Results showed that children in all three diagnostic groups, and to a lesser extent their mothers, experienced their families as more distressed on a host of dimensions relative to controls.

Volatile anesthetic effects on left ventricular relaxation in swine.

The effects of halothane (0.5, 1.0, and 1.

Postmastectomy locally recurrent breast cancer.

With the popularity of breast-conserving treatment plans, the natural history of "breast recurrence" in the ipsilateral breast must be distinguished from local recurrence following modified radical mastectomy. Hence, this study considers those patients who develop skin or chest wall recurrence after modified radical mastectomy, whether as a primary procedure or for patients with "breast recurrence" after partial mastectomy. The incidence of postmastectomy locally recurrent breast cancer following modified radical mastectomy (MRM) and adjuvant immunotherapy (IT) is compared to historical controls.