Restructuring of Femoral Cortical Bone During Growth and Locomotor Development of Wild Chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes verus).

Objective: Chimpanzees are altricial in terms of their locomotor development and transition from being carried to engaging in suspensory and arboreal locomotor behaviors to eventually relying on terrestrial quadrupedalism as their main form of locomotion. Here, we consider the mechanical implications of femoral cortical bone restructuring during growth and locomotor development in wild chimpanzees.

Materials And Methods: Cortical bone structure was examined in an ontogenetic sample of wild chimpanzees from a single subspecies (P.

"If We Don't Beat It, How Long Will It Take?" Worries and Concerns of Children with Advanced Cancer and Their Parents.

Navigating pediatric advanced cancer is challenging for children and parents, resulting in increased risk for psychological distress. While research has explored parent worries/concerns, few studies have included children's perspectives. To explore worries/concerns in children with advanced cancer and their parents.

Benefit-finding in children with advanced cancer and their parents.

Objectives: Although pediatric cancer often causes significant stress for families, most childhood cancer survivors are resilient and do not exhibit severe or lasting psychopathology. Research demonstrates some survivors may report benefit-finding or positive outcomes following this stressful life event. However, considerably less research has included families of children who are unlikely to survive their illness.

Late pleistocene exploitation of Ephedra in a funerary context in Morocco.

The active compounds found in many plants have been widely used in traditional medicine and ritual activities. However, archaeological evidence for the use of such plants, especially in the Palaeolithic period, is limited due to the poor preservation and fragility of seed, fruit, and other botanical macro-remains. In this study, we investigate the presence and possible uses of Ephedra during the Late Pleistocene based on the analysis of exceptionally preserved plant macrofossils recovered from c.

Factors associated with caregiver strain among mothers and fathers of children with advanced cancer.

Objectives: To characterize caregiver experiences in the context of advanced pediatric cancer by identifying individual (i.e., demographic factors, stress) and family context factors (i.

Enhancing genetic association power in endometriosis through unsupervised clustering of clinical subtypes identified from electronic health records.

Endometriosis is a complex and heterogeneous condition affecting 10% of reproductive-age women, and yet, it often goes undiagnosed for several years. Limited observed heritability (7%) of large genetic association studies may be attributable to underlying heterogeneity of disease mechanisms. Therefore, we conducted this study to investigate genetic associations across sub-phenotypes of endometriosis.

Leading a Palliative Care Team Through Times of Growth And Change.

High-functioning palliative care teams are essential to high-quality care for individuals with serious illness and their families. Such teams are flexible and adapt to change. However, recent high turnover and understaffing, compounded by a pandemic, challenge even the most resilient and adaptable teams.

Challenges in Pediatric Home-Based Hospice and Palliative Care: A Case Series.

Pediatric home-based hospice and palliative care is a growing and important sub-field within the larger pediatric palliative care landscape. Despite research demonstrating the clinical and systemic efficacy of pediatric home-based hospice and palliative care, there remain barriers to its optimal development, implementation, and dissemination as well as best clinical practice knowledge gaps. This case series presents specific examples of ubiquitous challenges in pediatric home-based hospice and palliative care in hopes of guiding future research, education, advocacy, and program development efforts.

Estimating the potential value of MSM-focused evidence-based implementation interventions in three Ending the HIV Epidemic jurisdictions in the United States: a model-based analysis.

Introduction: Improving the delivery of existing evidence-based interventions to prevent and diagnose HIV is key to Ending the HIV Epidemic in the United States. Structural barriers in the access and delivery of related health services require municipal or state-level policy changes; however, suboptimal implementation can be addressed directly through interventions designed to improve the reach, effectiveness, adoption or maintenance of available interventions. Our objective was to estimate the cost-effectiveness and potential epidemiological impact of six real-world implementation interventions designed to address these barriers and increase the scale of delivery of interventions for HIV testing and pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) in three US metropolitan areas.

Enhancing Genetic Association Power in Endometriosis through Unsupervised Clustering of Clinical Subtypes Identified from Electronic Health Records.

Background: Endometriosis affects 10% of reproductive-age women, and yet, it goes undiagnosed for 3.6 years on average after symptoms onset. Despite large GWAS meta-analyses (N > 750,000), only a few dozen causal loci have been identified.

Mixed-method examination of factors associated with adolescent decision-making and involvement in care in the context of advanced cancer.

Objectives: Adolescents with cancer often experience significant symptom burden and aggressive treatment near end-of-life. Increased adolescent involvement in care and decision-making may benefit health outcomes. Limited research has examined factors associated with adolescents' involvement in care in the context of advanced disease.

Signaling protein abundance modulates the strength of the spindle assembly checkpoint.

During mitosis, unattached kinetochores in a dividing cell signal to the spindle assembly checkpoint (SAC) to delay anaphase onset and prevent chromosome missegregation. The signaling activity of these kinetochores and the likelihood of chromosome missegregation depend on the amount of SAC signaling proteins each kinetochore recruits. Therefore, factors that control SAC protein recruitment must be thoroughly understood.

Outpatient Treatment of Confirmed COVID-19: Living, Rapid Practice Points From the American College of Physicians (Version 2).

Description: Evidence for the use of outpatient treatments in adults with confirmed COVID-19 continues to evolve with new data. This is version 2 of the American College of Physicians (ACP) living, rapid practice points focusing on 22 outpatient treatments for COVID-19, specifically addressing the dominant SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant.

Methods: The Population Health and Medical Science Committee (formerly the Scientific Medical Policy Committee) developed this version of the living, rapid practice points on the basis of a living, rapid review done by the ACP Center for Evidence Reviews at Cochrane Austria at the University for Continuing Education Krems (Danube University Krems).

Building Bridges from Genome to Physiology Using Machine Learning and Experimental Evolution.

experimental evolution, with its well-defined selection protocols, has long supplied useful genetic material for the analysis of functional physiology. While there is a long tradition of interpreting the effects of large-effect mutants physiologically, identifying and interpreting gene-to-phenotype relationships has been challenging in the genomic era, with many labs not resolving how physiological traits are affected by multiple genes throughout the genome. experimental evolution has demonstrated that multiple phenotypes change because of the evolution of many loci across the genome, creating the scientific challenge of sifting out differentiated but noncausal loci for individual characters.

UBXN2A suppresses the Rictor-mTORC2 signaling pathway, an established tumorigenic pathway in human colorectal cancer.

The mTORC2 pathway plays a critical role in promoting tumor progression in human colorectal cancer (CRC). The regulatory mechanisms for this signaling pathway are only partially understood. We previously identified UBXN2A as a novel tumor suppressor protein in CRCs and hypothesized that UBXN2A suppresses the mTORC2 pathway, thereby inhibiting CRC growth and metastasis.

Investigating the "scapula sign" as an indicator of rickets.

Objective: In 1971, Weiss identified a "scapula sign" comprising a defect at the inferior angle of the scapula in juveniles with vitamin D deficiency rickets, but this has been little studied since. This study aimed to explore pathological variation of this defect in juveniles with other skeletal manifestations of vitamin D deficiency rickets.

Materials And Methods: 527 juveniles, aged from birth to 12 years, from two post-medieval British assemblages were macroscopically evaluated to document the range of pathological changes at the inferior angle.

A Rare Case of Erosive Esophagitis Due to Sarcina Ventriculi Infection.

is a Gram-positive anaerobic found in soil that is a rare cause of inflammatory infections of the GI tract. This bacterium has a propensity for causing gastritis in patients with delayed gastric emptying. Of the 66 reported cases in the literature, 10 involved the esophagus.

Communication within families about advanced pediatric cancer: A qualitative study.

Objectives: This qualitative study examined how families share information and feelings about advanced pediatric cancer from the perspective of both parents and children, as well as how these perspectives vary by child developmental stage.

Methods: Participants (24 mothers, 20 fathers, 23 youth [children and adolescents]) were from a larger longitudinal study at an academic pediatric hospital. Eligible youth had advanced cancer (physician-estimated prognosis of <60%, relapse, or refractory disease), were aged 5-19 years (>8 years old to participate independently), had an English-speaking parent, and lived within 140 miles of the hospital.

Characteristics of Critically Ill Infants at the End of Life in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit.

About 16,000 infants die in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) each year with many experiencing invasive medical treatments and high number of symptoms. To inform better management, we characterized diagnoses, symptoms, and patterns of care among infants who died in the NICU. Retrospective electronic medical record (EMR) review of 476 infants who died following admission to a large regional level IV NICU in the United States over a 10-year period.

Outpatient Treatment of Confirmed COVID-19: Living, Rapid Practice Points From the American College of Physicians (Version 1).

Description: Strategies to manage COVID-19 in the outpatient setting continue to evolve as new data emerge on SARS-CoV-2 variants and the availability of newer treatments. The Scientific Medical Policy Committee (SMPC) of the American College of Physicians (ACP) developed these living, rapid practice points to summarize the best available evidence on the treatment of adults with confirmed COVID-19 in an outpatient setting. These practice points do not evaluate COVID-19 treatments in the inpatient setting or adjunctive COVID-19 treatments in the outpatient setting.

Applications of Dexmedetomidine in Palliative and Hospice Care.

Although the use of dexmedetomidine is currently approved by the US Food and Drug Administration in the adult population for monitored anesthesia care and sedation during mechanical ventilation, clinical experience suggests the potential application of dexmedetomidine in the palliative care arena. The medication can provide sedation with lower risk of delirium, control or minimize the adverse effects of other medications, and augment analgesia from opioids. We conducted a computerized bibliographic search of the literature regarding dexmedetomidine use for the treatment of pain and provision of sedation during palliative and hospice care in adult and pediatric patients.