Genomic Investigation and Comparative Analysis of European High-Risk Clone of ST2.

Multidrug-resistant is a major concern in healthcare institutions worldwide. Several reports described the dissemination of high-risk clones that are responsible for a high number of difficult-to-treat infections. In our study, 19 multidrug-resistant strains from Budapest, Hungary, were investigated based on whole-genome sequencing (WGS).

Dual role of neuroplastin in pancreatic β cells: Regulating insulin secretion and promoting islet inflammation.

Mesencephalic astrocyte-derived neurotrophic factor (MANF) is an endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-resident secretory protein that reduces inflammation and promotes proliferation in pancreatic β cells. Numerous studies have highlighted the potential of MANF as a therapeutic agent for diabetes mellitus (DM), making it essential to understand the mechanisms underlying MANF's functions. In our previous search for a molecule that mediates MANF signaling, we identified Neuroplastin (NPTN) as a binding partner of MANF that localizes on the cell surface.

Reproducing high mechanical load during industrial processing of ultra-high-temperature milk: Effect on frothing capacity.

In this study, possible reasons for an increased level of free fatty acids (FFA) in UHT-treated full-fat (3.5% wt/wt) milk and its effect on the frothing properties of milk were investigated. Lipolysis of raw milk from 2 different breeds of cattle (Holstein and Jersey) was induced by mechanical stress and kinetics of lipolysis were compared.

Allostatic load and frailty do not covary significantly among older residents of Greater Poland.

Background: Physiological dysregulation/allostatic load and the geriatric syndrome frailty increase with age. As a neurophysiological response system, allostasis supports survival by limiting stressor-related damage. Frailty reflects decreased strength, endurance, and physical abilities secondary to losses of muscle and bone with age.

Bsp1, a fungal CPI motif protein, regulates actin filament capping in endocytosis and cytokinesis.

The capping of barbed filament ends is a fundamental mechanism for actin regulation. Capping protein controls filament growth and actin turnover in cells by binding to the barbed ends of the filaments with high affinity and slow off-rate. The interaction between capping protein and actin is regulated by capping protein interaction (CPI) motif proteins.

The harmful effects of partisan polarization on health.

Partisan polarization significantly drives stress and anxiety among Americans, and recent aggregate-level studies suggest polarization may be shaping their health. This individual-level study uses a new representative dataset of 2,752 US residents surveyed between December 2019 and January 2020, some US residents report more days of poor physical and mental health per month than others. Using negative binomial models, zero inflated models, and visualizations, we find evidence that polarization is linked to declines in physical health: the more distant an individual feels politically from the average voter in their state, the worse health outcomes he or she reports.

Spatio-temporal regulation of endocytic protein assembly by SH3 domains in yeast.

Clathrin-mediated endocytosis is a conserved eukaryotic membrane trafficking pathway that is driven by a sequentially assembled molecular machinery that contains over 60 different proteins. SH3 domains are the most abundant protein-protein interaction domain in this process, but the function of most SH3 domains in protein dynamics remains elusive. Using mutagenesis and live-cell fluorescence microscopy in the budding yeast , we dissected SH3-mediated regulation of the endocytic pathway.

Celsr1 suppresses Wnt5a-mediated chemoattraction to prevent incorrect rostral migration of facial branchiomotor neurons.

In the developing hindbrain, facial branchiomotor (FBM) neurons migrate caudally from rhombomere 4 (r4) to r6 to establish the circuit that drives jaw movements. Although the mechanisms regulating initiation of FBM neuron migration are well defined, those regulating directionality are not. In mutants lacking the Wnt/planar cell polarity (PCP) component Celsr1, many FBM neurons inappropriately migrate rostrally into r3.

Regulation of membrane scission in yeast endocytosis.

During clathrin-mediated endocytosis, a flat plasma membrane is shaped into an invagination that undergoes scission to form a vesicle. In mammalian cells, the force that drives the transition from invagination to vesicle is primarily provided by the GTPase dynamin that acts in concert with crescent-shaped BAR domain proteins. In yeast cells, the mechanism of endocytic scission is unclear.

Risk management patterns in radiation oncology-results of a national survey within the framework of the Patient Safety in German Radiation Oncology (PaSaGeRO) project.

Purpose: Risk management (RM) is a key component of patient safety in radiation oncology (RO). We investigated current approaches on RM in German RO within the framework of the Patient Safety in German Radiation Oncology (PaSaGeRO) project. Aim was not only to evaluate a status quo of RM purposes but furthermore to discover challenges for sustainable RM that should be addressed in future research and recommendations.

Evaluation of a Digital Self-management Platform for Patients With Chronic Illness in Primary Care: Qualitative Study of Stakeholders' Perspectives.

Background: Population aging and multimorbidity has led to increasing chronic care needs associated with new challenges in managing growing costs, rising health care professional workloads, and the adoption of rigorous guidelines. These issues could all benefit from greater digitalization and a more patient-centered approach to chronic care, a situation brought to the fore by the COVID-19 pandemic. Little is known about real-life use in primary care.

Defective Neuronal Positioning Correlates With Aberrant Motor Circuit Function in Zebrafish.

Precise positioning of neurons resulting from cell division and migration during development is critical for normal brain function. Disruption of neuronal migration can cause a myriad of neurological disorders. To investigate the functional consequences of defective neuronal positioning on circuit function, we studied a zebrafish () loss-of-function mutant () where the facial branchiomotor (FBM) neurons fail to migrate out of their birthplace.

The Gb3-enriched CD59/flotillin plasma membrane domain regulates host cell invasion by Pseudomonas aeruginosa.

The opportunistic pathogen Pseudomonas aeruginosa has gained precedence over the years due to its ability to develop resistance to existing antibiotics, thereby necessitating alternative strategies to understand and combat the bacterium. Our previous work identified the interaction between the bacterial lectin LecA and its host cell glycosphingolipid receptor globotriaosylceramide (Gb3) as a crucial step for the engulfment of P. aeruginosa via the lipid zipper mechanism.

Basophil activation test shows high accuracy in the diagnosis of peanut and tree nut allergy: The Markers of Nut Allergy Study.

Background: Peanut and tree nut allergies are the most important causes of anaphylaxis. Co-reactivity to more than one nut is frequent, and co-sensitization in the absence of clinical data is often obtained. Confirmatory oral food challenges (OFCs) are inconsistently performed.

A systematic review of biodiversity and demographic change: A misinterpreted relationship?

Demographic change is supposed to be the most important indirect driver for changing biodiversity. In this article, a systematic review of 148 studies was conducted to examine the scientific evidence for this relationship and to identify potential gaps in research. We explored the spatial distribution of studies, the categories addressed with respect to biodiversity and demographic change, and the ways in which their relationships were conceptualised (spatially and temporally) and valued.

High-Need Patients' Goals and Goal Progress in a Veterans Affairs Intensive Outpatient Care Program.

Background: Healthcare systems nationwide are implementing intensive outpatient care programs to optimize care for high-need patients; however, little is known about these patients' personal goals and factors associated with goal progress.

Objective: To describe high-need patients' goals, and to identify factors associated with their goal progress DESIGN: Retrospective cohort study PARTICIPANTS: A total of 113 high-need patients participated in a single-site Veterans Affairs intensive outpatient care program.

Main Measures: Two independent reviewers examined patients' goals recorded in the electronic health record, categorized each goal into one of three domains (medical, behavioral, or social), and determined whether patients attained goal progress during program participation.

In Vitro and in Cellulo Sensing of Transition Metals Using Time-Resolved Fluorescence Spectroscopy and Microscopy.

In this work we demonstrate that time domain techniques can be used successfully to monitor realtively weak modulations of the fluorescence in sensing applications. The metal sensing complex Newport Green DCF™ can detect selected transition metals in vivo as well as in vitro. Incremental addition of Ni and/or Zn (in vitro) lead to a substantial reduction in the yield of the fast component in a bi-exponential fluorescence decay (τ = 150-250 ps) from 60% to 30-35%.

Modified lateral orbitotomy with combined partial zygomatic arch and vertical ramus ostectomies for excision of a frontal and parietal bone osteoma in a dog.

Objective: To describe modifications to the lateral orbitotomy for surgical excision of tumors affecting the frontal, parietal, palatine, or temporal bones.

Study Design: Case report.

Animal: A 5-year-old female spayed American pit bull terrier.

A MCREXS modelling approach for the simulation of a radiological dispersal device.

Assessing the risks of radioactive dose in a radiological dispersal device (RDD) attack requires knowledge of how the radiological materials will be spread through the air surrounding the site of the detonation. Two essential parts of the accurate prediction of the behaviour of this dispersion are a characterization of the initial cloud size, directly after the blast, and detailed modelling of the behaviour of different size particulates. Capturing the transport of contaminants from the initial blast wave is integral to achieving accurate predictions, especially for regions where the blast dynamics dominates, but performing such calculations over a wide range of particle sizes and spatial scales is computationally challenging.

Distinct roles for the cell adhesion molecule Contactin2 in the development and function of neural circuits in zebrafish.

Contactin2 (Cntn2)/Transient Axonal Glycoprotein 1 (Tag1), a neural cell adhesion molecule, has established roles in neuronal migration and axon fasciculation in chick and mouse. In zebrafish, antisense morpholino-based studies have indicated roles for cntn2 in the migration of facial branchiomotor (FBM) neurons, the guidance of the axons of the nucleus of the medial longitudinal fascicle (nucMLF), and the outgrowth of Rohon-Beard (RB) central axons. To study functions of Cntn2 in later stages of neuronal development, we generated cntn2 mutant zebrafish using CRISPR-Cas9.

Zurich Cementless Total Hip Replacement.

Total hip replacement (THR) is the gold standard treatment of intractable pain from hip dysplasia. THR procedures are divided into 2 main categories: cemented and cementless, with hybrid a combination. The Zurich Cementless THR system uses a combination of press-fit (acetabular component) and locking screw (femoral component) fixation designed to address the main challenge facing cemented systems (aseptic loosening) while providing the benefit of immediate stability with its novel locking screw implantation system for the femoral stem.

Near-field investigation of the explosive dispersal of radioactive material based on a reconstructed spherical blast-wave flow.

A "dirty bomb" is a type of radiological dispersal device (RDD) that has been the subject of significant safety and security concerns given the disruption that would result from a postulated terrorist attack. Assessing the risks of radioactive dose in a hypothetical scenario requires models that can accurately predict dispersion in a realistic environment. Modelling a RDD is complicated by the fact that the most important phenomena occur over vastly disparate spatial and temporal length scales.