Effectiveness of vapocoolant spray compared to eutectic lidocaine/prilocaine cream to enhance tolerance during intravenous catheterisation: a randomised controlled trial.

Objectives: To determine if tolerance of intravenous catheterisation differs following the application of vapocoolant spray compared to lidocaine/prilocaine cream in dogs and cats.

Materials And Methods: A randomised controlled trial of client-owned dogs and cats requiring intravenous catheterisation was performed. They were randomly allocated to either have lidocaine/prilocaine cream applied to their skin 1 hour prior to intravenous catheterisation or a swab saturated with vapocoolant spray applied immediately prior to intravenous catheterisation.

The prevalence of murmurs and gallop sounds in anemic cats.

Background: There is little information on the prevalence of auscultatory abnormalities in anemic cats. This study aimed to describe the prevalence of cardiac murmurs and gallop sounds in a population of anemic and nonanemic cats presenting to an emergency room (ER) and to assess whether the prevalence of auscultatory abnormalities was influenced by the severity of anemia.

Key Findings: Records of cats presenting to an ER between May 2021 and May 2022 or receiving a blood transfusion between September 2019 and January 2022 were retrospectively analyzed for presence of a murmur or gallop sound.

Intravenous fluid therapy compared to no treatment following blood donation in cats: a randomised controlled trial.

Objectives: There is currently no consensus regarding the use of intravenous fluid therapy in feline patients post-blood donation in veterinary medicine. The primary aim of this study was to determine whether blood donation can be performed safely without post-donation intravenous fluid therapy. The secondary aim was to report owner-noted post-donation changes.

Causes and consequences of feline haemothorax: A retrospective case series.

Background: The objective of this study was to describe the causes of haemothorax in cats, patient presentation and outcome.

Methods: This was a retrospective study based in a university teaching hospital. The electronic case records of cats presenting with a haemothorax between January 2005 and January 2023 were searched.

Complication rates associated with nasoesophageal versus nasogastric feeding tube placement in dogs and cats: a randomised controlled trial.

Objectives: To determine the rate of accidental placement of nasoenteric tubes into the respiratory tract. To compare the methods of checking correct tube placement. To compare the complication rates between nasoesophageal and nasogastric tubes.

Why some canine and feline blood donors do not make the cut: A cohort study.

Background: While there has been extensive investigation into the selection and retention of human blood donors, veterinary research in this area is limited. This study aimed to identify the reasons for the rejection and withdrawal of canine and feline blood donors from a blood donation programme.

Methods: Records of cats and dogs presenting as prospective blood donors and/or donating between 2014 and 2019 were analysed.

Conservative management of metallic sharp-pointed straight gastric and intestinal foreign bodies in dogs and cats: 17 cases (2003-2021).

Objective: To describe the conservative management and outcome of gastrointestinal metallic sharp-pointed straight foreign bodies in dogs and cats.

Materials And Methods: Clinical records of dogs and cats presented to a university teaching hospital between 2003 and 2021 with gastrointestinal metallic sharp-pointed straight foreign bodies (e.g.

An investigation into an outbreak of pancytopenia in cats in the United Kingdom.

Background: In spring 2021 increasing numbers of cats presenting with severe pancytopenia were noted in United Kingdom (UK).

Objective: To describe process and outcome of the investigation performed into the outbreak of pancytopenia in cats.

Animals: Five hundred and eighty client owned cats that presented with severe bi- or pancytopenia of unknown cause.

Clinical and clinicopathological features and outcomes of cats with suspected dietary induced pancytopenia.

Background: After a strong epidemiological link to diet was established in an outbreak of pancytopenia in cats in spring 2021 in the United Kingdom, 3 dry diets were recalled. Concentrations of the hemato- and myelotoxic mycotoxins T-2, HT-2 and diacetoxyscirpenol (DAS) greater than the European Commission guidance for dry cat foods were detected in the recalled diets.

Objectives: To describe clinical and clinicopathological findings in cats diagnosed with suspected diet induced pancytopenia.

Incidence of acute haemolysis in cats receiving canine packed red blood cells (xenotransfusions).

Objectives: The aim of this study was to report the incidence of transfusion reactions in cats, including acute haemolysis (AH), occurring within 24 h of receiving a xenotransfusion. An additional aim was to determine whether cases with AH could be classified as having an acute haemolytic transfusion reaction (AHTR) as per the definition provided by the Association of Veterinary Haematology and Transfusion Medicine's Transfusion Reaction Small Animal Consensus Statement.

Methods: Medical records of cats that received canine packed red blood cells (PRBCs) between July 2018 and September 2020 at a veterinary hospital were reviewed.

Retrospective evaluation of the use of small-bore wire-guided catheters for the management of peritoneal effusion in cats and dogs.

Objective: To describe the use of small-bore wire-guided catheters in the management of peritoneal effusion in cats and dogs and to detail any associated adverse events.

Design: Retrospective study.

Setting: University teaching hospital ANIMALS: Forty-five client-owned animals that had peritoneal catheters placed for management of peritoneal effusion between July 2010 and June 2021.

Infective endocarditis in dogs in the UK: 77 cases (2009-2019).

Objectives: To determine the causative organisms, clinical features and outcome of canine infective endocarditis in the UK.

Materials And Methods: Medical records of three veterinary referral hospitals were searched for dogs with infective endocarditis between December 2009 and December 2019. Signalment, clinical signs, causative organism, valve affected, treatment and survival data were recorded.

The effects of leukoreduction on canine blood unit weight and processing time.

Background: Despite a lack of strong evidence of benefit, leukoreduction is employed to decrease the risk of leukocyte-induced transfusion reactions. However, the impact of leukoreduction on blood bank costs and inventory management is not well understood. The purpose of this study was to determine whether leukoreduction of whole blood increases total processing time and weight loss from packed red blood cells (PRBCs) and plasma relative to bags created from nonleukoreduced whole blood.

The efficacy of vapocoolant spray for the improved tolerance of catheter pain in emergency patients.

Objectives: This study aimed to determine if dogs and cats presenting as an emergency had improved tolerance of intravenous catheterisation following the application of vapocoolant spray when compared to a saline control.

Materials And Methods: A randomised controlled trial of client-owned dogs and cats presenting as an emergency and requiring intravenous catheterisation was performed. Patient signalment and mentation score were recorded.

Occurrence and clinical management of urethral obstruction in male cats under primary veterinary care in the United Kingdom in 2016.

Background: Urethral obstruction (UO) has a negative effect on welfare of cats.

Objectives: This study aimed to determine incidence, case management, and outcomes of UO in cats in primary-care practice in the United Kingdom.

Animals: All male cats under veterinary care within the VetCompass database in 2016.

Respiratory complications in dogs with tetanus: A retrospective study of 53 cases.

Tetanus can lead to respiratory complications, and the outcome of dogs affected by this disease is still largely unknown. This retrospective study aimed to evaluate the frequency and outcome of 53 dogs with tetanus and respiratory complications between February 2006 and January 2019. Medical records from dogs diagnosed with tetanus admitted to a referral teaching hospital were reviewed.

Focused Ultrasound Examination of Canine and Feline Emergency Urinary Tract Disorders.

This article discusses the usefulness of ultrasound examinations in the management of the patient with an emergency urinary tract disorder. It discusses the use of previously described point-of-care ultrasound protocols such as the abdominal focused assessment with sonography for trauma, triage, and tracking protocol in the unstable azotemic patient. Point-of-care ultrasound examination can help direct investigations and expedite the diagnosis of specific causes of azotemia.

Successful management of aspiration pneumopathy without antimicrobial agents: 14 dogs (2014-2021).

Objectives: To describe clinical cases of aspiration pneumonitis and pneumonia in dogs, which were successfully managed without antimicrobials.

Materials And Methods: Retrospective case review of dogs presenting to a referral teaching hospital between February 2014 and February 2021. Cases were included when a clinical diagnosis of aspiration pneumopathy was made (requiring one or more of the following: radiographic evidence of an aspiration pneumopathy, endotracheal airway sampling consistent with aspiration and/or a positive endotracheal airway sample culture) which was not treated with antimicrobial therapy.

Retrospective evaluation of the seasonality of canine tetanus in England (2006-2017): 49 dogs.

Objective:  To evaluate the seasonality of canine tetanus in England.

Methods:  Medical records of a single referral hospital in England were reviewed. Dogs diagnosed with localized or generalized tetanus between January 2006 and June 2017 were studied.