Opportunities to reduce reoperations and to improve inter-facility profiling after initial breast-conserving surgery for cancer. A report from the NCDB.

Background: Repeat operations after breast-conserving surgery (BCS) for cancer have been termed "epidemic." To aid improvement activities, we sought to identify those National Cancer Data Base (NCDB) characteristics that were associated with reoperations.

Methods: A retrospective cohort of patients with invasive breast cancer undergoing initial BCS in the NCDB from 2004 to 2015 were identified.

A Reappraisal of the Comparative Effectiveness of Lumpectomy Versus Mastectomy on Breast Cancer Survival: A Propensity Score-Matched Update From the National Cancer Data Base (NCDB).

Background: Recent observational studies are concerning because they document rising mastectomy rates coinciding with more than a dozen reports that lumpectomy has better overall survival (OS) than mastectomy. Our aim was to determine if there were differences in OS of matched breast cancer patients undergoing lumpectomy versus mastectomy in the National Cancer Database (NCDB).

Patients And Methods: A retrospective cohort of patients with stage I-III breast cancer in the NCDB (2004-2013) was identified.

The effect of mupirocin dressings on postoperative surgical site infections in elective colorectal surgery: A prospective, randomized controlled trial.

Background: Surgical site infections (SSIs) are the most common nosocomial infection among surgical patients. We hypothesized that mupirocin ointment would decrease SSI rates compared to standard surgical dressings in patients undergoing colorectal surgery.

Methods: A prospective randomized controlled trial was performed, including patients undergoing elective open and minimally invasive colorectal surgery.

Global trends in the burden of liver cancer.

Background: The aim of this study is to describe the influence of geography, socio-economic development, and demographic shift on the trends in global incidence, mortality, and prevalence of liver cancer (LC).

Methods: Data (2012-2030) relating to LC and demographic shifts based on WHO regions and HDI areas were extracted from GLOBOCAN 2012 and analyzed to evaluate trends in incidence, mortality, and prevalence.

Results: The results of our study document a rising global burden of LC with the maximum impact in the WPRO region.

An Analysis of Future Publications, Career Choices, and Practice Characteristics of Research Presenters at an American College of Surgeons State Conference: A 15-Year Review.

Objectives: The Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education requires scholarly activity within general surgery residency programs. The association between in-training research presentations and postgraduation publications is unknown. We hypothesized that surgical trainee presentations at an American College of Surgeons (ACS) state chapter meeting resulted in peer-reviewed publications and future scholarly activity.

Global epidemiological trends and variations in the burden of gallbladder cancer.

Background: The aim of this study is to describe the trends and variations in the global burden of gallbladder cancer (GBC) with an emphasis on geographic variations and female gender.

Methods: Data (2012-2030) relating to GBC was extracted from GLOBOCAN 2012 database and analyzed.

Results: The results of our study document a rising global burden of GBC with geographic and gender variations.

Predictive global trends in the incidence and mortality of pancreatic cancer based on geographic location, socio-economic status, and demographic shift.

Background And Objectives: Pancreatic Cancer (PC) is a lethal malignancy that accounts for about 4% of cancer-related deaths worldwide. The aim of this study is to describe the influence of geography (based on WHO regions), socio-economic development (based on Human Development Index [HDI]) and demographic shift on the temporal trends in global incidence and mortality of PC.

Methods: Data (2012-2030) relating to the incidence, mortality of PC and demographic shifts based on WHO regions and HDI areas were extracted from GLOBOCAN 2012.

Androgens upregulate Cdc25C protein by inhibiting its proteasomal and lysosomal degradation pathways.

Cdc25C is a cell cycle protein of the dual specificity phosphatase family essential for activating the cdk1/Cyclin B1 complex in cells entering into mitosis. Since altered cell cycle is a hallmark of human cancers, we investigated androgen regulation of Cdc25C protein in human prostate cancer (PCa) cells, including androgen-sensitive (AS) LNCaP C-33 cells and androgen-independent (AI) LNCaP C-81 as well as PC-3 cells. In the regular culture condition containing fetal bovine serum (FBS), Cdc25C protein levels were similar in these PCa cells.

Toll-like receptor 7 stimulates the expression of Epstein-Barr virus latent membrane protein 1.

Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is a ubiquitous human herpesvirus. Toll-like receptor 7 (TLR7) is involved in host innate immunity against pathogens, and its aberrant activation is linked to the development of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE, also called "lupus"). Type I interferons (IFN) are apparently driving forces for lupus pathogenesis.

Kaposi sarcoma-associated herpesvirus degrades cellular Toll-interleukin-1 receptor domain-containing adaptor-inducing beta-interferon (TRIF).

Kaposi sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV) is a human γ-herpesvirus associated with several human malignancies. The replication and transcription activator (RTA) is necessary and sufficient for the switch from KSHV latency to lytic replication. Toll-interleukin-1 receptor (TIR) domain-containing adaptor-inducing β-interferon (TRIF, also called TIR-domain-containing adaptor molecule-1 (TICAM-1)) is a signaling adaptor molecule that is critically involved in the Toll-like receptor 3 (TLR-3) and TLR-4 signaling pathways for type I interferon (IFN) production, a key component of innate immunity against microbial infection.