Tetracalcium Phosphate/Monetite/Calcium Sulfate Hemihydrate Biocement for Alveolar Bone Augmentation After Tooth Extraction in Pig Mandible.

A tetracalcium phosphate/monetite/calcium sulfate hemihydrate powder cement mixture (CAS) in the form of a paste was used as a socket preservative to prevent alveolar ridge resorption after the extraction of the second premolar tooth in the mandible of a pig model. During the post-surgery period, the animals were monitored daily. No signs of inflammation, infection, or other complications were observed in the defect site for six months.

The Combination of Chitosan-Based Biomaterial and Cellular Therapy for Successful Treatment of Diabetic Foot-Pilot Study.

Diabetic foot ulceration is one of the most common complications in patients treated for diabetes mellitus. The presented pilot study describes the successful treatment of diabetic ulceration of the heel with ongoing osteomyelitis in a 39-year-old patient after using a combination of modified chitosan-based biomaterial in combination with autologous mesenchymal stem cells isolated from bone marrow and dermal fibroblasts. The isolated population of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells fulfilled all of the attributes given by the International Society for Stem Cell Research, such as fibroblast-like morphology, the high expression of positive surface markers (CD29: 99.

The role of primed and non-primed MSC-derived conditioned media in neuroregeneration.

Introduction: With growing significance in nervous system repair, mesenchymal stem cell-derived conditioned media (MSCCM) have been used in cell-free therapies in regenerative medicine. However, the immunomodulatory and neuroregenerative effects of MSCCM and the influence of priming on these effects are still poorly understood.

Methods: In this study, by various methods focused on cell viability, proliferation, neuron-like differentiation, neurite outgrowth, cell migration and regrowth, we demonstrated that MSCCM derived from adipose tissue (AT-MSCCM) and amniotic membrane (AM-MSCCM) had different effects on SH-SY5Y cells.

A Chitosan-Based Biomaterial Combined with Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Conditioned Medium for Wound Healing and Skin Regeneration.

The aim of this study was to provide a beneficial treatment effect of novel chitosan bio-polymeric material enriched with mesenchymal stem cell products derived from the canine adipose tissue (AT-MSC) on the artificial skin defect in a rabbit model. For the objectivity of the regeneration evaluation, we used histological analysis and a scoring system created by us, taking into account all the attributes of regeneration, such as inflammatory reaction, necrosis, granulation, formation of individual skin layers and hair follicles. We observed an acceleration and improvement in the healing of an artificially created skin defect after eight and ten weeks in comparison with negative control (spontaneous healing without biomaterial).

Tetracalcium Phosphate Biocement Hardened with a Mixture of Phytic Acid-Phytase in the Healing Process of Osteochondral Defects in Sheep.

Hyaline articular cartilage has unique physiological, biological, and biomechanical properties with very limited self-healing ability, which makes the process of cartilage regeneration extremely difficult. Therefore, research is currently focused on finding new and potentially better treatment options. The main objective of this in vivo study was to evaluate a novel biocement CX consisting of tetracalcium phosphate-monetit biocement hardened with a phytic acid-phytase mixture for the regeneration of osteochondral defects in sheep.

Two Amnion-Derived Mesenchymal Stem-Cells Injections to Osteoarthritic Elbows in Dogs-Pilot Study.

The aim of the study was to investigate the potential of cell-based regenerative therapy for elbow joints affected by osteoarthritis. Interest was focused on two intra-articular applications of amnion-derived mesenchymal stem cells (A-MSCs) to a group of different breeds of dogs with elbow osteoarthritis (13 joints). Two injections were performed 14 days apart.

Impact of Canine Amniotic Mesenchymal Stem Cell Conditioned Media on the Wound Healing Process: In Vitro and In Vivo Study.

The aim of this study was to provide a beneficial treatment effect of mesenchymal stem cell products derived from the canine amniotic membrane (AM-MSC) on the complicated wound healing process in dogs. AM-MSCs were characterized in terms of morphology, phenotypic profile, and multilineage differentiation potential. The in vitro study of the effect of canine amniotic mesenchymal stem cell conditioned media (AMMSC-CM) on a primary skin fibroblast cell culture scratch assay showed a decrease in the measured scratch area of about 66.

A Comparative Study of Canine Mesenchymal Stem Cells Isolated from Different Sources.

In this study, we provide comprehensive analyses of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) isolated from three types of canine tissues: bone marrow (BM-MSCs), adipose tissue (AT-MSCs) and amniotic tissue (AM-MSCs). We compare their morphology, phenotype, multilineage potential and proliferation activity. The BM-MSCs and AM-MSCs showed fibroblast-like shapes against the spindle shape of the AT-MSCs.

Non-Exosomal and Exosome-Derived miRNAs as Promising Biomarkers in Canine Mammary Cancer.

Canine mammary cancer (CMC), similar to human breast cancer (HBC) in many aspects, is the most common neoplasm associated with significant mortality in female dogs. Due to the limited therapy options, biomarkers are highly desirable for early clinical diagnosis or cancer progression monitoring. Since the discovery of microRNAs (miRNAs or miRs) as post-transcriptional gene regulators, they have become attractive biomarkers in oncological research.

Brain Fluid Channels for Metabolite Removal.

The adult human brain represents only 2% of the body's total weight, however it is one of the most metabolically active organs in the mammalian body. Its high metabolic activity necessitates an efficacious waste clearance system. Besides the blood, there are two fluids closely linked to the brain and spinal cord drainage system: interstitial fluid (ISF) and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF).

Impact of mesenchymal stem cells derived conditioned media on neural progenitor cells.

Neurodegenerative diseases are common problem for companion animals. Due to the limited ability of injured axons to regenerate, innovative therapies combined with rehabilitation have been applied and evaluated. Among them, stem cells and their conditioned media implantation, which can ameliorate damaged tissue has been suggested as a promising treatment strategy.

Novel Diagnostic Tools for Identifying Cognitive Impairment in Dogs: Behavior, Biomarkers, and Pathology.

Canine cognitive dysfunction syndrome (CCDS) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder in senior dogs that is mainly associated with decreased ability to learn and respond to stimuli. It is commonly under-diagnosed because behavioral changes are often attributed to the natural process of aging. In the present study, we used for the first time a comprehensive approach enabling early diagnosis of canine patients with mild cognitive disorders (MiCI).

Canine Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cell Conditioned Media Affect Bacterial Growth, Biofilm-Associated and AHL-Dependent Quorum Sensing.

The present study investigated the in vitro antibacterial, antibiofilm and anti-Quorum Sensing (anti-QS) activities of canine bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell-conditioned media (cBM MSC CM) containing all secreted factors <30 K, using a disc diffusion test (DDT), spectrophotometric Crystal Violet Assay (SCVA) and Bioluminescence Assay (BA) with QS-reporter JM109 pSB1142. The results show a sample-specific bacterial growth inhibition (zones varied between 7-30 mm), statistically significant modulation of biofilm-associated and bioluminescence (0.391 ± 0.

Stem Cell Conditioned Medium Treatment for Canine Spinal Cord Injury: Pilot Feasibility Study.

Spinal cord injury (SCI) involves nerve damage and often leads to motor, sensory and autonomic dysfunctions. In the present study, we have designed a clinical protocol to assess the feasibility of systemic delivery of allogenic canine bone marrow tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cell conditioned medium (BMMSC CM) to dogs with SCI. Four client-owned dogs with chronic SCI lasting more than six months underwent neurological and clinical evaluation, MRI imaging and blood tests before being enrolled in this study.

Canine Bone Marrow-derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells: Genomics, Proteomics and Functional Analyses of Paracrine Factors.

Adult stem cells have become prominent candidates for treating various diseases in veterinary practice. The main goal of our study was therefore to provide a comprehensive study of canine bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMMSC) and conditioned media, isolated from healthy adult dogs of different breeds. Under well-defined standardized isolation protocols, the multipotent differentiation and specific surface markers of BMMSC were supplemented with their gene expression, proteomic profile, and their biological function.

Spinal Cord Injury: Animal Models, Imaging Tools and the Treatment Strategies.

Spinal cord injury (SCI) often leads to irreversible neuro-degenerative changes with life-long consequences. While there is still no effective therapy available, the results of past research have led to improved quality of life for patients suffering from partial or permanent paralysis. In this review we focus on the need, importance and the scientific value of experimental animal models simulating SCI in humans.

Localized Intrathecal Delivery of Mesenchymal Stromal Cells Conditioned Medium Improves Functional Recovery in a Rat Model of Spinal Cord Injury.

It was recently shown that the conditioned medium (CM) of mesenchymal stem cells can enhance viability of neural and glial cell populations. In the present study, we have investigated a cell-free approach via CM from rat bone marrow stromal cells (MScCM) applied intrathecally (IT) for spinal cord injury (SCI) recovery in adult rats. Functional in vitro test on dorsal root ganglion (DRG) primary cultures confirmed biological properties of collected MScCM for production of neurosphere-like structures and axon outgrowth.

Development of environmentally superior treatment system to replace anaerobic swine lagoons in the USA.

A full-scale treatment system for swine manure was developed to eliminate discharge to surface and ground waters and contamination of soil and groundwater by nutrients and heavy metals, along with related release of ammonia, odor, and pathogens. The system greatly increased the efficiency of liquid-solid separation by polymer injection to increase solids flocculation. Nitrogen management to reduce ammonia emissions was accomplished by passing the liquid through a module where bacteria transformed ammonia into harmless nitrogen gas.

Environmentally superior technologies for swine waste management.

The high nitrogen content of animal waste provides opportunities for processing to marketable byproducts and challenges for proper management to avoid harmful impacts. Technologies are being developed to conserve and utilize nitrogen as well as other valuable constituents in animal waste. Advanced treatment technologies are also being developed for housing/waste management systems that address public concerns and protect soil, water and air quality.

Health, safety, and environmental concerns of farm animal waste.

Modern animal husbandry has been concerned with increasing efficiency by increasing the number of animals raised per unit area; decreasing labor costs by automated animal feeding, watering, and housing; and using antibiotics to increase animal growth rates. These changes in animal production practices have resulted in reduced disease risks in some cases, but also have introduced new risks and challenges to the animal handler. Topics covered here include exposure pathways and health hazards associated with animal excreta, birthing wastes, and carcasses, with emphasis on infectious microbes (e.

Swine wastewater treatment by media filtration.

A media filter was constructed to treat swine wastewater after anaerobic lagoon treatment. The media filter consisted of a tank (1.5-m-diameter x 0.