Precision immunoprofiling to reveal diagnostic signatures for latent tuberculosis infection and reactivation risk stratification.

Latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) is estimated in nearly one quarter of the world's population, and of those immunocompetent and infected ~10% will proceed to active tuberculosis (TB). Current diagnostics cannot definitively identify LTBI and provide no insight into reactivation risk, thereby defining an unmet diagnostic challenge of incredible global significance. We introduce a new machine-learning-driven approach to LTBI diagnostics that leverages a high throughput, multiplexed cytokine detection technology and powerful bioinformatics to reveal multi-marker signatures for LTBI diagnosis and risk stratification.

Flow Cytometric Immune Profiling in Infliximab-Associated Tuberculosis.

Tumor necrosis factor α antagonists are increasingly used to treat inflammatory and autoimmune disorders and are associated with increased risk of active tuberculosis. Diagnosis of active tuberculosis in patients taking tumor necrosis factor α antagonists can be challenging owing to increased incidence of extrapulmonary manifestations and false-negative results on current available diagnostic tests. We present a case of a young woman on infliximab for ulcerative colitis who presented with disseminated tuberculosis.

Bilateral Thyroarytenoid Botulinum Toxin Type A Injection for the Treatment of Refractory Chronic Cough.

Importance: Refractory chronic cough is a debilitating condition with limited therapeutic options. Laryngeal botulinum toxin type A (BtxA) has been anecdotally reported to benefit patients with chronic cough. We report on our experience with the use of BtxA for the treatment of patients with refractory chronic cough.

Tunneled Indwelling Pleural Catheters for Refractory Pleural Effusions after Solid Organ Transplant. A Case-Control Study.

Rationale: The use of tunneled indwelling pleural catheters for management of refractory pleural effusions continues to increase. Pleural space infections are among the most common and serious complication of the procedure. The risk may be higher in patients receiving immunosuppressive medications.