The Transition of Sociodemographic and Substance Abuse Characteristics, Pairwise Co-occurrences and Factors Associated with Polysubstance Use Among US Adolescents and Young Adults.

Background: Substance abuse by adolescents and young adults is a major public health issue. This study aimed to (i) show the transition of sociodemographic and substance abuse characteristics from 1992 to 2017 among US adolescents and young adults, (ii) evaluate the likelihood of co-occurrence of substances, and (iii) identify significant sociodemographic characteristics in association with polysubstance abuse.

Methods: This study extracted data for adolescents and young adults from 1992 and 2017 Treatment Episode Data Set-Admission (TEDS-A) datasets.

Historical trends of admitted patients by selected substances and their significant patient's level factors.

The purposes of the study include (i) demonstrating the US national level historical trends of the number of admitted patients due to substance abuse and those reported the selected substances at the time of admission, and more importantly, (ii) identifying the significant covariates in the association of using each of the substances along with the dynamics of likelihood over the different levels of the covariates. The trend of total admitted patients shows an increasing pattern from 1992 to 2008 and later exhibits a decreasing pattern before experiencing a significant upturn again in the last two consecutive years. During the study period, the highest growth rate of around 1088% is evident for methamphetamine followed by heroin (192%) and marijuana or hashish (45%), while both cocaine or crack (-33%) and alcohol (-29%) show negative growth rates.

Estimation of number of ever born children using zero truncated count model: evidence from Bangladesh Demographic and Health Survey.

Fertility is an important demographic indicator for any country and there has always been a concern for number of ever born children to know the transition of fertility pattern intensively. Child ever born is the count response variable ranges from 1 to 15 and was originally collected by the Bangladesh Demographic and Health Survey (BDHS) considering the reproductive women who had given at least one birth. This study proposes zero truncated Poisson and zero truncated negative binomial regression models in order to find the best fitted model to estimate number of ever born children using BDHS 2014 dataset.

Factors influencing prospective mother with prenatal qualified doctor care among the reproductive women in Bangladesh.

Maternal and child mortality are the key indicators of health and development of the country. Maternal and child health are interconnected to prenatal care. Consulting a doctor at the prenatal stage will not only ensure mother's and her unborn babies' safety, but also has a great influence to reduce the maternal and infant mortality.