Breakthrough in CRISPR/Cas system: Current and future directions and challenges.

Targeted genome editing (GE) technology has brought a significant revolution in fictional genomic research and given hope to plant scientists to develop desirable varieties. This technology involves inducing site-specific DNA perturbations that can be repaired through DNA repair pathways. GE products currently include CRISPR-associated nuclease DNA breaks, prime editors generated DNA flaps, single nucleotide-modifications, transposases, and recombinases.

Occurrence and molecular characterization of on rice in Central Punjab, Pakistan.

threatens global rice production, yet is understudied for many areas where it is cultivated. To better understand the prevalence and incidence of in central Punjab, Pakistan, we carried out field surveys of rice fields in the districts of Faisalabad and Chiniot. isolates were recovered from soil and root samples and identified on the basis of perineal patterns and rDNA ITS-based sequencing.

Genetic Variability among Different Populations of Root Knot Nematodes Based on Their Encumbrance Response to Isolates Using PCR-RFLP.

A great variable response was observed when PP-3 and PP-J encumbered with 116 populations of root knot nematode (RKN) at two different temperatures (25 ± 2°C and 30 ± 2°C) and concentrations (10 and 10 spores/ml). The PCR reaction amplified intergenic region between cytochrome oxidase subunit II gene (COII) and large subunit of rRNA gene (lrRNA) of the mitochondrial genome of different RKN species. The primer C2F3 and 1108 identified with the highest frequency (52.