The usefulness of transcervıcal ultrasonography for the predıctıon of obstructıve sleep apnea ın chıldren.

Objective: It was aimed to investigate the role of tonsil ultrasonography(USG) in the diagnosis of pediatric OSAS.

Methods: Before tonsillectomy (±adenoidectomy) for OSAS, all patients tonsil USG and polysomnography (PSG) tests were performed. Tonsil volume was measured preoperatively with the Brodsky tonsil grading scale and by postoperative water displacement test.

Cochlear pathology in preeclamptic rats: protective effects of vitamin D and magnesium sulfate.

Background/aim: This study investigated the possible degeneration in cochlear morphology induced by preeclampsia (PE) and the therapeutic/preventive effect of vitamin D (Vit D) and magnesium sulfate (MgSO) used separately and together on feto-maternal outcomes.

Materials And Methods: We created PE in rats using a reduced uterine perfusion pressure (RUPP) animal model and recorded blood pressure (BP), embryonic survival (ES), and embryonic weight (EW) and evaluated cochlear morphology by electron microscopy.

Results: The PE group had elevated BP, a decreased number and weight of live pups, and significant degeneration in the cochlea compared to the sham group.

The effect of interleukin-33 expression on prognosis in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma.

Introduction: Interleukin-33 (IL-33) is a newly defined inflammatory cytokine that is a member of the interleukin-1 (IL-1) gene family. This cytokine is expressed in structural cells, such as the vascular endothelium, bronchial epithelial cells, keratinocytes, epithelial cells of the stomach, and fibroblastic reticular cells of lymphoid tissues. Several studies suggest that IL-33 plays a role in head-and-neck cancer.

Olfactory Bulb Volume and Morphology Changes in COVID-19 Patients With Olfactory Disorders Using Magnetic Resonance Imaging.

Objectives: The aims of the study are to explore the morphological changes of olfactory bulb (OB) and olfactory sulcus in COVID-19 patients with associated olfactory dysfunction (OD) by measuring the OB volume (OBV) and olfactory sulcus depth (OSD) and to compare the measurement values with those of healthy individuals.

Methods: Between March 2020 and January 2022, 31 consecutive hospitalized patients with a diagnosis of COVID-19 with anosmia and hyposmia who underwent brain magnetic resonance imaging and 35 normosmic control individuals were retrospectively included in the study. Bilateral OBV and OSD were measured and shape of the OB was determined based on the consensus by a neuroradiologist and an otorrhynolaryngologist.

Effects of platelet-rich fibrin and dexamethasone on nerve regeneration after acute facial-nerve injury.

Background: Acute facial-nerve injury.

Objective: To investigate the effects of platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) and dexamethasone on nerve regeneration.

Materials And Methods: Thirty-six rats were randomly divided into six groups.

Reliability of CIR-S using the subperiosteal pocket technique under 2 years of age.

Objective: It is aimed in this study to investigate the reliability of the cochlear implant receiver-stimulator (CIR-S) placement using unfixed subperiosteal tight pocket technique and the postoperative soft tissue changes that occur around the CIR-S, in toddlers under 2 years of age.

Methods: Nonsyndromic toddlers with normal radiological findings and who were planned to have cochlear implantation were included in the study. Preoperative and postoperative complications, device migration, and postoperative soft tissue changes occurred around the CIR were analyzed using objective methods.

Otolaryngology Residents' Attitudes, Experiences, and Barriers Regarding the Medical Research.

Objective: It was aimed to investigate the attitudes, experiences, and barriers towards scientific research among otolaryngology residents in Turkey.

Methods: Anonymous data were collected via an online survey. The demographic characteristics and experience in scientific research were investigated in the first section of the survey.

Operating Room Educational Climate Scale for Surgical Specialty Residents: Scale Development and Validation.

Aim: To develop a scale in Turkish language for evaluating the surgical specialty residents? perceptions of educational climate in the operating room, with an emphasis on learning in the operating suite and planning the relevant change for improved and standardized training.

Material And Methods: Three surgeons from different disciplines provided expert opinions and a focus group meeting was held on the necessity, scope, and specificity of the items. The 5-point Likert type draft scale consisted of 28 items including ten negative statements scored reversely and having total scores ranging between 28-140 points.

Perception of male otolaryngologists on gender discrimination: a comparative study.

Purpose: To gather information on perception of male otolaryngologists (MORLs) about gender discrimination towards female otolaryngologists (FORLs).

Methods: MORLs were invited to participate to an online survey. Minimum participation requirement was completion of at least their first year of residency.

A Study on the Use of Massive Open Online Courses in Otorhinolaryngology After Graduation.

Objective: The use of massive open online courses (MOOCs) in medical education and postgraduate education is becoming more and more widespread across the world. A survey study was carried out in Turkey to collect information and raise awareness about the use of MOOCs for educational and training purposes in the field of otorhinolaryngology after graduation.

Method: The prepared survey questionnaire was published on the online communication platform of the Turkish Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery Association, and volunteers were asked to fill-out the questionnaire by clicking the given link.

Women in otolaryngology in Turkey: Insight of gender equality, career development and work-life balance.

Objective: The aim of this study is to collect information about the demographics, academic ambitions, job satisfactions, career development and work-life balance of female otorhinolaryngologists (FORL) in Turkey and to determine their experiences with, and attitudes towards gender discrimination throughout their academic careers.

Study Design And Setting: A prospective survey study.

Subjects And Methods: The study was aimed to include all FORL who completed their residency program.

Changes in substance P levels of inferior turbinate in patients with mucosal contact headache.

Introduction: Mucosal contact headache is a referred pain that arises from contact between the nasal septum and the lateral nasal wall. Evidence supports the role of substance P in a contact headache such that release of substance P from sensory nerve endings causes inflammation and allergy.

Objectives: This study aimed to determine possible differences in substance P levels in inferior turbinate hypertrophy creating a contact headache.

A Rare Tumor of Palatine Tonsils: Chondrolipoma.

Chondrolipomas are benign mesenchymal tumors that have two mature tissues simultaneously and emerge as a result of cartilaginous metaplasia in lipomas. They rarely occur in the head and neck area (1%-4%), and occur more frequently in the 60-70 years age group. Although there are cases of the nasopharynx, tongue, lip, and neck reported in the literature, we have been able to find only two cases on tonsils.

Does severe obstructive sleep apnea syndrome alter retrobulbar blood flow? A color Doppler ultrasound study.

Purpose: To evaluate extraocular orbital vessels with color Doppler ultrasound (CDU) and investigate the effects of severe obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) on retrobulbar blood flow.

Methods: Between February 2014 and September 2015, 30 patients with severe OSA (apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) > 30) and 28 controls were prospectively included in this study. Intraocular pressure (IOP) was measured with a Goldmann applanation tonometer, and CDU was used to evaluate the retrobulbar vessels.

Is Presence of Vascular Loop in Magnetic Resonance Imaging Always Related to Tinnitus?

Introduction: One of the most common otological complaints is tinnitus in adults. When there is a complaint of unilateral tinnitus and retrocochlear pathology is suspected, imaging methods are applied. However, the imaging findings obtained may not always be compatible with the severity and localization of the tinnitus.

The role of IL-25 and IL-33 in chronic rhinosinusitis with or without nasal polyps.

The role of IL-25 and IL-33 in the aetiology and pathogenesis of nasal polyps has been controversial in the literature. The objective of the study is to detect serum and tissue levels of IL-25 and IL-33 in patients with (CRSwNP) or without (CRSsNP) nasal polyps using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Study group consisted of 20 CRSwNP and 20 CRSsNP patients.

Smartphone Based Audiometric Test for Confirming the Level of Hearing; Is It Useable in Underserved Areas?

Objective: To determine the hearing levels of participants of a randomized group using a smartphone hearing application and to compare these results with the results from a pure-tone audiogram.

Materials And Methods: A heterogenous group consisting of both normal-hearing and hearing-impaired participants were included in this study. Pure-tone audiogram thresholds were measured from 250 Hz to 8000 Hz, while smartphone measurements were obtained with a Samsung Galaxy GT-19500 S4 with a bundled headphone running the Hearing Test™ software (e-audiologia.

Is there a correlation between the clinical findings and the radiological findings in chronic maxillary sinus atelectasis?

Objective: Silent sinus syndrome (SSS) is a clinical syndrome that occurs as a result of chronic maxillary sinus atelectasis (CMA) and is seen with progressive enophthalmos and hypoglobus. The aim of this study was to investigate the correlation between radiological findings and clinical findings in patients with radiologically asymmetrical reduced maxillary sinus volume.

Material And Method: A comparison was made of patients with CMA through evaluation of paranasal sinus computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging examination of maxillary sinus volume of the CMA side and the contralateral side, thickness of the retroantral fat tissue, infraorbital bone curve, uncinate process lateralisation measurement, middle concha diameter, and calculation of the change in location of the inferior rectus muscle.

Is orienteering associated with allergic rhinitis in adolescents?

Background: Allergic rhinitis (AR) is a disease that reduces athletic performance. Environmental allergen exposure is higher in outdoor sports (such as orienteering) than indoor sports. The main purpose of this study was to investigate the AR frequency in orienteers comparing with indoor athletes.

A case of laryngeal leiomyosarcoma and review of the literature.

Leiomyosarcoma (LMS) of the larynx is a very rare malignancy that originates from blood vessel, smooth muscle or from the heterotopic mesenchymal tissue in the larynx. The histological diagnosis of LMS depends on the immunohistochemical investigation. The case is here presented of an 82-year-old man with shortness of breath and hoarseness.