Drivers of soil health across European Union - Data from the literature review.

Soil health in Europe has reached a critical point: it is estimated that 60-70% of European soils are unhealthy. Changes in land use, its intensity and the quality of management have significant impacts on soil health and soil related ecosystem services. A systems analysis of soil health dynamics requires an understanding of the drivers inducing changes in land use and management.

Airborne DNA reveals predictable spatial and seasonal dynamics of fungi.

Fungi are among the most diverse and ecologically important kingdoms in life. However, the distributional ranges of fungi remain largely unknown as do the ecological mechanisms that shape their distributions. To provide an integrated view of the spatial and seasonal dynamics of fungi, we implemented a globally distributed standardized aerial sampling of fungal spores.

Discovery of Eremiobacterota with nifH homologues in tundra soil.

We describe the genome of an Eremiobacterota population from tundra soil that contains the minimal set of nif genes needed to fix atmospheric N. This putative diazotroph population, which we name Candidatus Lamibacter sapmiensis, links for the first time Eremiobacterota and N fixation. The integrity of the genome and its nif genes are well supported by both environmental and taxonomic signals.

Neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis in a Schapendoes dog is caused by a missense variant in CLN6.

Neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis (NCL) is a group of neurodegenerative disorders that occur in humans, dogs, and several other species. NCL is characterised clinically by progressive deterioration of cognitive and motor function, epileptic seizures, and visual impairment. Most forms present early in life and eventually lead to premature death.

Global Spore Sampling Project: A global, standardized dataset of airborne fungal DNA.

Novel methods for sampling and characterizing biodiversity hold great promise for re-evaluating patterns of life across the planet. The sampling of airborne spores with a cyclone sampler, and the sequencing of their DNA, have been suggested as an efficient and well-calibrated tool for surveying fungal diversity across various environments. Here we present data originating from the Global Spore Sampling Project, comprising 2,768 samples collected during two years at 47 outdoor locations across the world.

Severe Lung Dysfunction and Pulmonary Blood Flow during Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation.

Background: Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) is indicated for patients with severe respiratory and/or circulatory failure. The standard technique to visualize the extent of pulmonary damage during ECMO is computed tomography (CT).

Purpose: This single-center, retrospective study investigated whether pulmonary blood flow (PBF) measured with echocardiography can assist in assessing the extent of pulmonary damage and whether echocardiography and CT findings are associated with patient outcomes.

Metagenome-assembled genomes from mineral tundra soils in Rásttigáisá, northern Norway.

Microbial communities in tundra soils remain largely unknown despite their important roles in the cycling of greenhouse gases. Here, we report 59 non-redundant metagenome-assembled genomes (MAGs) recovered from mineral tundra soils in Rásttigáisá, northern Norway. The MAGs were obtained by clustering contigs according to tetranucleotide frequency and differential coverage and were manually curated to remove contigs with outlying GC content and/or mean coverage.

Novel diversity of polar Cyanobacteria revealed by genome-resolved metagenomics.

Benthic microbial mats dominated by Cyanobacteria are important features of polar lakes. Although culture-independent studies have provided important insights into the diversity of polar Cyanobacteria, only a handful of genomes have been sequenced to date. Here, we applied a genome-resolved metagenomics approach to data obtained from Arctic, sub-Antarctic and Antarctic microbial mats.

Local eukaryotic and bacterial stream community assembly is shaped by regional land use effects.

With anticipated expansion of agricultural areas for food production and increasing intensity of pressures stemming from land-use, it is critical to better understand how species respond to land-use change. This is particularly true for microbial communities which provide key ecosystem functions and display fastest responses to environmental change. However, regional land-use effects on local environmental conditions are often neglected, and, hence, underestimated when investigating community responses.

Nitrosopolaris, a genus of putative ammonia-oxidizing archaea with a polar/alpine distribution.

Ammonia-oxidizing archaea (AOA) are key players in the nitrogen cycle of polar soils. Here, we analyzed metagenomic data from tundra soils in Rásttigáisá, Norway, and recovered four metagenome-assembled genomes (MAGs) assigned to the genus 'UBA10452', an uncultured lineage of putative AOA in the order Nitrososphaerales ('terrestrial group I.1b'), phylum Thaumarchaeota.

Localized coevolution between microbial predator and prey alters community-wide gene expression and ecosystem function.

Closely interacting microbial species pairs (e.g., predator and prey) can become coadapted via reciprocal natural selection.

Pangenome and genomic taxonomy analyses of Leuconostoc gelidum and Leuconostoc gasicomitatum.

Background: Leuconostoc gelidum and Leuconostoc gasicomitatum have dual roles in foods. They may spoil cold-stored packaged foods but can also be beneficial in kimchi fermentation. The impact in food science as well as the limited number of publicly available genomes prompted us to create pangenomes and perform genomic taxonomy analyses starting from de novo sequencing of the genomes of 37 L.

Marination increased tyramine levels in rainbow trout fillet strips packaged under modified atmosphere.

Marinades are increasingly used to manufacture raw fish products. In corresponding meats, marinating is known to have a major effect on the composition of the microbiome, but the effect of marinating on fish is not known as well. This knowledge gap prompted our study of the microbial ecology and amine formation in marinated and unmarinated modified atmosphere commercially packaged rainbow trout fillet strips.

The activity and functions of soil microbial communities in the Finnish sub-Arctic vary across vegetation types.

Due to climate change, increased microbial activity in high-latitude soils may lead to higher greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. However, microbial GHG production and consumption mechanisms in tundra soils are not thoroughly understood. To investigate how the diversity and functional potential of bacterial and archaeal communities vary across vegetation types and soil layers, we analyzed 116 soil metatranscriptomes from 73 sites in the Finnish sub-Arctic.

Antibiotic Resistomes and Microbiomes in the Surface Water along the Code River in Indonesia Reflect Drainage Basin Anthropogenic Activities.

Water and sanitation are important factors in the emergence of antimicrobial resistance in low- and middle-income countries. Drug residues, metals, and various wastes foster the spread of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) with the help of mobile genetic elements (MGEs), and therefore, rivers receiving contaminants and effluents from multiple sources are of special interest. We followed both the microbiome and resistome of the Code River in Indonesia from its pristine origin at the Merapi volcano through rural and then city areas to the coast of the Indian Ocean.

Microbiome assembly in thawing permafrost and its feedbacks to climate.

The physical and chemical changes that accompany permafrost thaw directly influence the microbial communities that mediate the decomposition of formerly frozen organic matter, leading to uncertainty in permafrost-climate feedbacks. Although changes to microbial metabolism and community structure are documented following thaw, the generality of post-thaw assembly patterns across permafrost soils of the world remains uncertain, limiting our ability to predict biogeochemistry and microbial community responses to climate change. Based on our review of the Arctic microbiome, permafrost microbiology, and community ecology, we propose that Assembly Theory provides a framework to better understand thaw-mediated microbiome changes and the implications for community function and climate feedbacks.

In-depth characterization of denitrifier communities across different soil ecosystems in the tundra.

Background: In contrast to earlier assumptions, there is now mounting evidence for the role of tundra soils as important sources of the greenhouse gas nitrous oxide (NO). However, the microorganisms involved in the cycling of NO in this system remain largely uncharacterized. Since tundra soils are variable sources and sinks of NO, we aimed at investigating differences in community structure across different soil ecosystems in the tundra.

Differential hypoxemia and the clinical significance of venous drainage position during extracorporeal membrane oxygenation.

Differential hypoxemia (DH) has been recognized as a clinical problem during veno-arterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (VA ECMO) although its features and consequences have not been fully elucidated. This single center retrospective study aimed to investigate the clinical characteristics of patients manifesting DH as well as the impact of repositioning the drainage point from the inferior vena cava (IVC) to the superior vena cava to alleviate DH. All patients (>15 years) commenced on VA ECMO at our center between 2009 and 2020 were screened.

A 1 bp deletion in HACE1 causes ataxia in Norwegian elkhound, black.

A number of inherited ataxias is known in humans, with more than 250 loci implicated, most of which are included in human ataxia screening panels. Anecdotally, cases of ataxia in the Norwegian elkhound black have been known for the last 40 years. Affected puppies from three litters were clinically and neurologically examined, and postmortem samples were collected for morphological studies, including ultrastructural analyses.

Tongue atrophy as a neurological finding in hereditary polyneuropathy in Alaskan malamutes.

Background: Tongue atrophy with wrinkling as a clinical sign of inherited polyneuropathies has not been reported in dogs.

Objectives: Clinically describe tongue atrophy as well as morphology of the tongue and hypoglossal nerve in Alaskan malamute polyneuropathy (AMPN).

Animals: Six client-owned Alaskan malamute dogs diagnosed with AMPN, all homozygous for the causative mutation in the N-myc downstream-regulated gene 1 (NDRG1) and 1 neurologically normal control Alaskan malamute.

Early-life formula feeding is associated with infant gut microbiota alterations and an increased antibiotic resistance load.

Background: Infants are at a high risk of acquiring fatal infections, and their treatment relies on functioning antibiotics. Antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) are present in high numbers in antibiotic-naive infants' gut microbiomes, and infant mortality caused by resistant infections is high. The role of antibiotics in shaping the infant resistome has been studied, but there is limited knowledge on other factors that affect the antibiotic resistance burden of the infant gut.

Evaluation of Urinary Clusterin and Cystatin B as Biomarkers for Renal Injury in Dogs Envenomated by the European Adder (Vipera berus).

Dogs are commonly bitten by the European adder (Vipera berus) but studies investigating the effects of envenomation are limited. Snakebite-related kidney injury is reported in dogs but diagnosis of acute kidney injury (AKI) might be limited by the insensitivity of routinely used renal function biomarkers. The aim of this study was to evaluate novel biomarkers of renal injury (urinary cystatin B and urinary clusterin) and biomarkers of renal function (serum creatinine and serum symmetric dimethylarginine), and urine protein to creatinine ratio in dogs envenomated by V.

Sea-Ice Bacteria sp. Strain 363 and sp. Strain 392 Produce Multiple Types of Poly-3-Hydroxyalkaonoic Acid (PHA) Storage Polymers at Low Temperature.

Poly-3-hydroxyalkanoic acids (PHAs) are bacterial storage polymers commonly used in bioplastic production. Halophilic bacteria are industrially interesting organisms, as their salinity tolerance and psychrophilic nature lowers sterility requirements and subsequent production costs. We investigated PHA synthesis in two bacterial strains, sp.

Conversion from Venovenous to Venoarterial Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation in Adults.

No major study has been performed on the conversion from venovenous (VV) to venoarterial (VA) extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) in adults. This single-center retrospective cohort study aimed to investigate the incidence, indication, and outcome in patients who converted from VV to VA ECMO. All adult patients (≥18 years) who commenced VV ECMO at our center between 2005 and 2018 were screened.