Postoperative complications after breast cancer surgery and effect on recurrence and survival: population-based cohort study.

Background: There is conflicting evidence regarding whether postoperative complications after breast cancer surgery are associated with worse oncological outcome. This study aimed to assess the risk of systemic breast cancer recurrence after surgical site infection and also the impact of surgical site infection on locoregional recurrence, breast cancer-specific survival and overall survival.

Methods: This nationwide cohort study included patients who underwent surgery for primary breast cancer in Sweden between January 2008 and September 2019.

[Access to surgery].

More than 5 billion humans cannot access essential surgery if needed. Surgery was for a long time not a part of the global health agenda, generally considered a luxury. However, the realization that a large proportion of the global burden of disease can be reduced by surgery has gained momentum.

Hypovitaminosis D and hyperparathyroidism: a 5-year postoperative follow-up of 30,458 gastric bypass and sleeve gastrectomy patients.

Background: Bariatric procedures are associated with nutrient deficiencies. Studies show an association between gastric bypass (Roux-en-Y gastric bypass [RYGB]) and hypovitaminosis D as well as hyperparathyroidism, yet few compare RYGB to sleeve gastrectomy (SG), and large long-term analyses are scarce.

Objective: Evaluate trends of vitamin D and parathyroid hormone (PTH) levels in RYGB and SG.

Prospective Evaluation of Complications and Associated Risk Factors in Breast Cancer Surgery.

Background: Surgical site infection (SSI) is a well-known complication after breast cancer surgery. The primary aim was to assess risk factors for SSI. Risk factors for other wound complications were also studied.

Association of postoperative infection and oncological outcome after breast cancer surgery.

Background: Surgical-site infection (SSI) is a well known complication after breast cancer surgery and has been reported to be associated with cancer recurrence. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between SSI and breast cancer recurrence, adjusting for several known confounders. The secondary aim was to assess a possible association between any postoperative infection and breast cancer recurrence.

Low bone mineral density following gastric bypass is not explained by lifestyle and lack of exercise.

Background: Bariatric surgery, Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGBP) in particular, is associated with weight loss as well as low bone mineral density. Bone mineral density relies upon multiple factors, some of which are lifestyle factors. The aim of this study was to compare lifestyle factors in order to eliminate them as culprits of the suspected difference in BMD in RYGBP operated and controls.

The Importance of Pedagogical and Social School Climate to Bullying: A Cross-Sectional Multilevel Study of 94 Swedish Schools.

Background: Bullying is a public health issue with long-term effects for victims. This study investigated if there was an association between pedagogical and social school climate and student-reported bullying victimization, which dimensions of pedagogical and social school climate were associated with bullying, and if these associations were modified by individual-level social factors.

Methods: The study had a cross-sectional multilevel design with individual-level data on bullying from 3311 students nested in 94 schools over 3 consecutive school years.

Cholecalciferol Injections Are Effective in Hypovitaminosis D After Duodenal Switch: a Randomized Controlled Study.

Background: By treating obesity, one of the major epidemics of this past century, through bariatric surgery, we may cause complications due to malnourishment in a growing population. At present, vitamin D deficiency is of interest, especially in patients with inferior absorption of fat-soluble nutrients after biliopancreatic diversion with duodenal switch (BPD/DS).

Methods: Twenty BPD/DS patients, approximately 4 years postoperatively, were randomized to either intramuscular supplementation of vitamin D with a single dose of 600,000 IU cholecalciferol, or a control group.

Hypoparathyroidism after total thyroidectomy in patients with previous gastric bypass.

Purpose: Case reports suggest that patients with previous gastric bypass have an increased risk of severe hypocalcemia after total thyroidectomy, but there are no population-based studies. The prevalence of gastric bypass before thyroidectomy and the risk of hypocalcemia after thyroidectomy in patients with previous gastric bypass were investigated.

Methods: By cross-linking The Scandinavian Quality Registry for Thyroid, Parathyroid and Adrenal Surgery with the Scandinavian Obesity Surgery Registry patients operated with total thyroidectomy without concurrent or previous surgery for hyperparathyroidism were identified and grouped according to previous gastric bypass.

School environment and mental health in early adolescence - a longitudinal study in Sweden (KUPOL).

Background: Longitudinal studies indicate strong associations between school proficiency and indicators of mental health throughout adulthood, but the mechanisms of such associations are not fully elucidated. The Kupol study is a prospective cohort study in Sweden set up in order to: (i) describe the association of school pedagogic and social environment and its specific dimensions with the risk of mental ill-health and psychiatric disorders in adolescence; (ii) evaluate the direct effects of school pedagogic and social environment on mental health and the effects mediated by the individual's academic achievements; and (iii) assess if school pedagogic and social environment are associated with mental ill-health through epigenetic mechanisms, in particular those involving genes regulating the response to stress.

Methods: The Kupol cohort at baseline consists of 3959 children attending the 7th grade of compulsory school (13-14 years old) in 8 regions of central Sweden in the school years 2013-2014 or 2014-2015.

Do overeducated individuals have increased risks of ill health?: a Swedish population-based cohort study.

Previous studies indicate that the increasing educational level in many post-industrial nations may imply that subgroups of the population work in occupations for which they are overeducated. We aimed to investigate whether overeducation is associated with future self-rated health and psychological distress. The analytical sample consisted of 21,159 participants from the Stockholm Public Health Cohort.

Short-Term UVB Treatment or Intramuscular Cholecalciferol to Prevent Hypovitaminosis D After Gastric Bypass-a Randomized Clinical Trial.

Background: Gastric bypass is increasingly used worldwide to treat morbidly obese patients with good results. However, several studies have reported low levels of vitamin D in spite of supplementation. In this randomized clinical trial, we have evaluated two principally different interventions, short-term UVB treatment or a single cholecalciferol injection, to prevent hypovitaminosis D.

Left-shifted relation between calcium and parathyroid hormone in Graves' disease.

Background: Patients with Graves' disease (GD) have disturbances in calcium regulation with manifestations such as postoperative hypocalcemia. We have investigated the thyroid as well as the parathyroid function in detail.

Materials And Method: A series of patients undergoing total thyroidectomy for GD (n = 56) or multinodular goiter (MNG; n = 50) were scrutinized for postoperative hypocalcemia and a need for calcium and/or vitamin D substitution.

Lack of adjustment latitude at work as a trigger of taking sick leave-a Swedish case-crossover study.

Objectives: Research has shown that individuals reporting a low level of adjustment latitude, defined as having few possibilities to temporarily adjust work demands to illness, have a higher risk of sick leave. To what extent lack of adjustment latitude influences the individual when making the decision to take sick leave is unknown. We hypothesize that ill individuals are more likely to take sick leave on days when they experience a lack of adjustment latitude at work than on days with access to adjustment latitude.

Short-term sick leave and future risk of sickness absence and unemployment - the impact of health status.

Background: In previous studies the authors have found sick leave to be a predictor of future sick leave, unemployment and disability pension. Although sick leave reflects underlying health problems, some studies have suggested that sick leave may have consequences beyond the consequences of the underlying illness. However, few studies have aimed at studying consequences of sick leave while adjusting for ill health.

Is there an association between long-term sick leave and disability pension and unemployment beyond the effect of health status?--a cohort study.

Background: Studies have shown that long-term sick leave is a strong predictor of disability pension. However, few have aimed to disentangle the effect of sick leave and of health status. The objective of this study was to investigate whether there is an association between long-term sick leave and disability pension and unemployment, when taking health status into account.

Interactions between hemoglobin and cod muscle constituents following treatment at extreme pH values.

Unlabelled: Acid and/or alkaline solubilization is a recent method developed to separate proteins from muscle foods with good functional properties. However, exposure of the muscle and its components to low pH values has been shown to promote lipid oxidation, limiting therefore the applications of this novel method. This research aimed primarily to study the physicochemical changes of the fish membranes brought about during acid or alkali solubilization processes.

Low workload as a trigger of sick leave: results from a Swedish case-crossover study.

Objectives: To investigate if exposure to an unusually low workload when ill can trigger taking sick leave.

Methods: A case-crossover design was applied to 546 sick-leave spells obtained from a cohort of 1430 employees within six Swedish workplaces. New sick-leave spells were reported from the workplaces during 3 to 12 months follow-up.

The impact of adjustment latitude on self-assessed work ability in regard to gender and occupational type.

Objective: Adjustment latitude describes opportunities to change demands at work when ill and may affect work ability. The aim here is to study the association between adjustment latitude and self-assessed work ability among men and women and employees from different occupational sectors.

Methods: This cross-sectional study used data from a questionnaire sent to 3020 employees in three occupational sectors in Sweden; 1430 responded.

Work-related psychosocial events as triggers of sick leave--results from a Swedish case-crossover study.

Background: Although illness is an important cause of sick leave, it has also been suggested that non-medical risk factors may influence this association. If such factors impact on the period of decision making, they should be considered as triggers. Yet, there is no empirical support available.

Left-shifted relation between calcium and parathyroid hormone in obesity.

Background: A condition resembling secondary hyperparathyroidism (HPT), including raised levels of PTH and normal levels of serum calcium, has been reported in obesity. A plausible reason may be vitamin D deficiency, but conflicting data have been reported.

Objective: Our objective was to investigate calcium homeostasis in obese individuals with emphasis on the function of the parathyroid glands.

Low level of adjustment latitude--a risk factor for sickness absence.

Background: The prerequisite for obtaining sickness benefit is reduced work ability for medical reasons in combination with work demands which cannot be adjusted accordingly. The aim of this study was to investigate if low levels of adjustment latitude, defined as the possibility to temporarily adjust work demands in case of ill health, influence sickness absence.

Methods: A prospective cohort study of 1420 employees (47% participation, aged 19-68; 56% women) was conducted at six Swedish workplaces.