Prediction of Non-Response to Neoadjuvant Chemoradiotherapy in Esophageal Cancer Patients with F-FDG PET Radiomics Based Machine Learning Classification.

Background: Approximately 26% of esophageal cancer (EC) patients do not respond to neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (nCRT), emphasizing the need for pre-treatment selection. The aim of this study was to predict non-response using a radiomic model on baseline F-FDG PET.

Methods: Retrospectively, 143 F-FDG PET radiomic features were extracted from 199 EC patients (T1N1-3M0/T2-4aN0-3M0) treated between 2009 and 2019.

Utility of Preoperative Computed Tomography-Based Body Metrics in Relation to Postoperative Complications in Pediatric Liver Transplantation Recipients.

Computed tomography (CT)-derived body metrics such as skeletal muscle index (SMI), psoas muscle index (PMI), and subcutaneous fat area index (ScFI) are measurable components of sarcopenia, frailty, and nutrition. While these body metrics are advocated in adults for predicting postoperative outcomes after liver transplantation (LT), little is known about their value in pediatric populations. This study assessed the relation between preoperative CT-based body metrics and postoperative short-term outcomes in pediatric LT recipients.

Effect of Extending the Original CROSS Criteria on Tumor Response to Neoadjuvant Chemoradiotherapy in Esophageal Cancer Patients: A National Multicenter Cohort Analysis.

Background: Extending the original criteria of the Chemoradiotherapy for Oesophageal Cancer followed by Surgery Study (CROSS) in daily practice may increase the treatment outcome of esophageal cancer (EC) patients. This retrospective national cohort study assessed the impact on the pathologic complete response (pCR) rate and surgical outcome.

Patients And Methods: Data from EC patients treated between 2009 and 2017 were collected from the national Dutch Upper Gastrointestinal Cancer Audit database.

Mass-Forming Portal Biliopathy Presenting as Extreme Wall-Thickening of the Common Bile Duct.

Portal biliopathy refers to biliary tree abnormalities in patients with peribiliary collateral vessels and non-neoplastic extrahepatic portal vein occlusion. These biliary abnormalities are caused by vascular compression and ischemic damage of the biliary tree, which can result in bile duct compression, stenosis, fibrotic strictures, bile duct dilation, and thickening of the bile duct wall. Portal biliopathy is difficult to distinguish from cholangiocarcinoma, IgG4-related disease, and sclerosing cholangitis.

Reliability of clinical nodal status regarding response to neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy compared with surgery alone and prognosis in esophageal cancer patients.

Clinical nodal (cN) staging is a key element in treatment decisions in patients with esophageal cancer (EC). The reliability of cN status regarding the effect on response and survival after neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (nCRT) with esophagectomy was evaluated in determining the up- and downstaged pathological nodal (pN) status after surgery alone. From a prospective database, we included all 395 EC patients who had surgery with curative intent with or without nCRT between 2000 and 2015.

Prediction of Response to Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy and Radiation Therapy with Baseline and Restaging F-FDG PET Imaging Biomarkers in Patients with Esophageal Cancer.

Purpose To assess the value of baseline and restaging fluorine 18 (F) fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) positron emission tomography (PET) radiomics in predicting pathologic complete response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy and radiation therapy (NCRT) in patients with locally advanced esophageal cancer. Materials and Methods In this retrospective study, 73 patients with histologic analysis-confirmed T1/N1-3/M0 or T2-4a/N0-3/M0 esophageal cancer were treated with NCRT followed by surgery (Chemoradiotherapy for Esophageal Cancer followed by Surgery Study regimen) between October 2014 and August 2017. Clinical variables and radiomic features from baseline and restaging F-FDG PET were selected by univariable logistic regression and least absolute shrinkage and selection operator.

Influence of tumor response and treatment schedule on the distribution of tumor recurrence in esophageal cancer patients treated with neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy.

Background And Objectives: The impact of different neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (nCRT) schedules and pathologic complete response (pCR) on the distribution of recurrence is unclear in esophageal cancer (EC). We assessed the effect of pCR and nCRT schedule in EC.

Methods: Patients with T1N+/T2-4aN0-3/M0 EC treated in different centers, with either carboplatin/paclitaxel/41.

Impact of Endoscopic Ultrasonography on F-FDG-PET/CT Upfront Towards Patient Specific Esophageal Cancer Treatment.

Introduction: In patients with potentially resectable esophageal cancer (EC), the value of endoscopic ultrasonography (EUS) after fluorine-18 labeled fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography with computed tomography (F-FDG-PET/CT) is questionable. Retrospectively, we assessed the impact of EUS after PET/CT on the given treatment in EC patients.

Methods: During the period 2009-2015, 318 EC patients were staged as T1-4aN0-3M0 with hybrid F-FDG-PET/CT or F-FDG-PET with CT and EUS if applicable in a nonspecific order.

Effect of Extending the Original Eligibility Criteria for the CROSS Neoadjuvant Chemoradiotherapy on Toxicity and Survival in Esophageal Cancer.

Background: Patients with curable esophageal cancer (EC) who proceed beyond the original Chemoradiotherapy for Oesophageal Cancer Followed by Surgery Study (CROSS) eligibility criteria are also treated with neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (nCRT). This study assessed the effect that extending the CROSS eligibility criteria for nCRT has on treatment-related toxicity and overall survival (OS) in EC.

Methods: The study enrolled 161 patients with locally advanced EC (T1N1-3/T2-4aN0-3/M0) treated with the CROSS schedule followed by esophagectomy.

Predicting Response to Neoadjuvant Chemoradiotherapy in Esophageal Cancer with Textural Features Derived from Pretreatment F-FDG PET/CT Imaging.

Adequate prediction of tumor response to neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (nCRT) in esophageal cancer (EC) patients is important in a more personalized treatment. The current best clinical method to predict pathologic complete response is SUV in F-FDG PET/CT imaging. To improve the prediction of response, we constructed a model to predict complete response to nCRT in EC based on pretreatment clinical parameters and F-FDG PET/CT-derived textural features.

Prognostic Value of the Circumferential Resection Margin in Esophageal Cancer Patients After Neoadjuvant Chemoradiotherapy.

Background: Circumferential resection margins (CRM) for esophageal cancer (EC), defined by the College of American Pathologists (CAP; >0 mm) or the Royal College of Pathologists (RCP; >1 mm) as tumor-free (R0), are based on a surgery-alone approach. We evaluated the usefulness of both definitions in current practice with neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (nCRT).

Methods: CRMs were measured in 209 patients (104 with nCRT) with locally advanced EC after transthoracic esophagectomy.

Evaluation of progression prior to surgery after neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy with computed tomography in esophageal cancer patients.

Background: The risk of tumor progression during neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (CRT) in esophageal cancer (EC) is around 8% to 17%. We assessed the efficacy of computed tomography (CT) to identify these patients before esophagectomy.

Methods: Ninety-seven patients with locally advanced EC treated with Carboplatin/Paclitaxel and 41.

Initial interfacial healing events around calcium phosphate (Ca-P) coated oral implants.

The bone response to different calcium phosphate (Ca-P) coated and non-coated titanium implants was evaluated in a goat animal model. Two types of Ca-P coatings have been investigated: an experimental plasma-spray bilayered Ca-P coating (FA-HA) and an amorphous RF magnetron sputter coating (Ca-P-a). Fifty-four conical screw shaped implants were inserted in the lateral and medial femoral condyles of 18 Saanen goats.

Interfacial phenomena: an in vitro study of the effect of calcium phosphate (Ca-P) ceramic on bone formation.

In previous studies we developed a RF magnetron sputter technique for the production of thin Ca-P coatings. With this technique coatings can be produced that vary in Ca/P ratio as well as in structural appearance. The aim of this investigation was to obtain more understanding of the biological behavior of these coatings by way of in vitro experiments.

Mechanical and histologic evaluation of Ca-P plasma-spray and magnetron sputter-coated implants in trabecular bone of the goat.

To aim of this study was to investigate the bone response to calcium phosphate (Ca-P) plasma-spray and radiofrequency magnetron sputter-coated implants with comparable roughness. Therefore, tapered conical screw designed implants were installed in the trabecular bone of the femurs of nine goats. They were provided with two types of coatings, a plasma-spray dual coating of fluorapatite and hydroxyapatite (FA/HA-PS) and a titanium plasma-spray coating, covered with an amorphous Ca-P magnetron sputtercoating (TPS/Ca-P-a).

Evaluation of plasma-spray and magnetron-sputter Ca-P-coated implants: an in vivo experiment using rabbits.

The bone response to different plasma-spray and magnetron-sputter calcium phosphate (Ca-P)-coated implants was evaluated in a rabbit animal model. Four types of Ca-P coatings have been investigated: a plasma-spray Ca-P coating (HA-PS), a heat-treated plasma-spray Ca-P coating (HA-PS/ht), an amorphous magnetron-sputter coating (Ca-P-a), and a crystalline magnetron-sputter coating (CA-P-c). Seventy-two specially designed cylindrical implants were inserted in the lateral and medial femoral condyles of 18 New Zealand White rabbits.

Biological evaluation of the effect of magnetron sputtered Ca/P coatings on osteoblast-like cells in vitro.

A rat bone marrow cell culture was used to evaluate the osteogenic potential of amorphous and crystalline thin calcium phosphate (Ca/P) coatings. The coatings were deposited on titanium discs using a radiofrequency magnetron sputter procedure. Amorphous and crystalline plasma spray Ca/P coated and noncoated titanium discs served as reference material.