Fatty acid composition of the plasma lipids of the maternal and newborn horse.

The fatty acid composition of the plasma free fatty acid, triacylglycerol and phospholipid fractions was measured in blood and milk samples taken daily from 3 mares and their foals on Days 1-9 post partum inclusive, and from a total of 12 mares and foals on Days 22, 30 and 51. A rise in the plasma concentrations of triacylglycerol and phospholipid similar to that well documented in other species occurred in the neonatal period. Alterations in the composition of the foal plasma phospholipid after birth lend support to the view that the placenta rather than the fetus could be responsible for the elongation and desaturation of the essential fatty acids to provide long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids for the fetus.

Rabbit corneal endothelial physiologic and morphologic characteristics following storage in MK medium and K-Sol.

Rabbit corneas were stored for 3, 7, 10 or 14 days in MK medium or K-Sol. Corneas were thinner immediately following removal from K-Sol than following removal from MK medium at all time periods studied. Following 3 days of storage, corneas stored in both solutions showed similar temperature reversal characteristics.

The nucleotide sequence of the mRNA encoding the fusion protein of measles virus (Edmonston strain): a comparison of fusion proteins from several different paramyxoviruses.

Membrane fusion is the primary cytopathic effect observed in cells infected with measles virus. The viral protein responsible for this process has previously been defined as the fusion (F) protein. Fusion is activated by the proteolytic cleavage of a precursor molecule (F0) to yield two disulfide-linked polypeptides (F1 and F2).

Sciatic artery aneurysms: report of three cases and review of the literature.

Sciatic artery aneurysms (SAAs) develop in a persistent sciatic artery, which is a congenital anomalous continuation of the internal iliac artery and may be the major blood supply to the lower extremity. SAAs may appear clinically with rupture, thrombosis, distal embolization, or compression of the sciatic nerve. We have reviewed our three cases and the literature to delineate those factors that permit correct preoperative diagnosis and appropriate surgical intervention.

Effect of ambient pH on corneal endothelial sodium fluxes.

Sodium fluxes across the isolated rabbit corneal endothelium were measured as a function of ambient pH and bicarbonate concentrations. At pH 7, the net sodium flux (J endo str net) was effectively obliterated at all bicarbonate concentrations, relative to controls at pH 7.5.

Effect of dextran-bound acetazolamide on rabbit corneal endothelial ion fluxes.

The effects of a carbonic anhydrase inhibitor, acetazolamide, bound to a 72,000 dalton dextran (DBI) on bicarbonate and sodium fluxes across the isolated rabbit corneal endothelium have been examined. When DBI was present on the aqueous-facing endothelial surface, there was a marked inhibition of both the stromal to endothelial unidirectional and net flux of bicarbonate. This suggests that the exit of bicarbonate from the cell into the aqueous-facing solution is influenced by the enzyme carbonic anhydrase.

Prevention of postneonatal mortality.

Studies of postneonatal mortality in Nottingham between 1974 and 1977 showed a familiar pattern of high death rates in socially deprived parts of the city. A birth scoring system was devised, which identified at birth 9% of infants in whom 53% of postneonatal deaths could be expected to occur From 1 January 1978 this group was identified by midwives and followed up intensively by health visitors. The postneonatal mortality in the city of Nottingham fell from 8.

Lupus erythematosus keratoconjunctivitis.

A patient with systemic lupus erythematosus and a three-month history of bilateral follicular conjunctivitis had both a superficial and deep culture-negative keratitis. Although SLE interstitial keratitis is uncommon, it must be recognized as a definite clinical entity. Its prompt recognition and treatment with corticosteroids may quickly bring about improvement, whereas if it is unrecognized, corneal scarring and loss of vision may follow.

BSS and BSS-plus: effect on corneal endothelial ionic and non-ionic fluxes.

Rabbit corneas were mounted in water jacketed chambers and the endothelial surface perfused with either BSS (Balanced Salt Solution) or BSS-Plus for 3 hr. Unidirectional and net fluxes of sodium were similar in both groups of corneas. Bicarbonate fluxes in BSS-Plus were statistically similar to those in Krebs-Ringer solution.

Children intoxicated by alcohol in Nottingham and Glasgow, 1973-84.

The circumstances of ingestion, clinical course, and long term sequelae were examined retrospectively in 143 children (108 boys, 35 girls) admitted with acute alcohol intoxication in Glasgow and Nottingham over the 12 years 1973-84. Fifty three of the children were aged less than 7 years and 90 were aged 7-14. Twelve of the children were hypoglycaemic on arrival at hospital.

Evaluation of a special low birth weight formula, with and without the use of medium chain triacylglycerols.

A special low birth weight formula containing 1.8 g/100 ml of medium chain triacylglycerols (Nenatal) was compared with 'modified' Nenatal (medium chain triacylglycerols (MCT) replaced by long chain triacylglycerols (LCT)) and standard modified baby milk (Cow and Gate Premium). 22 infants of birth weight less than 1500 g and gestational age less than 33 weeks were studied for three weeks when enteral feeds were well tolerated.

The preferred environmental temperature of newborn rabbits.

The preferred environmental temperature (TE) and rates of oxygen consumption (VO2) around the thermal neutral range were measured in rabbits on the day of birth and 2, 7 and 14 days after birth. On day 0, the preferred TE was 38.0 +/- 0.

Cigarette smoking and duodenal ulcer.

Tobacco smoking delays healing of gastric ulcer and may influence duodenal ulceration. Seventy men, all cigarette smokers, were found to have duodenal ulceration at endoscopy. All were advised to stop smoking and received a three-month course of cimetidine.

Effect of hematoporphyrin derivative on rabbit corneal endothelial cell function and ultrastructure.

Hematoporphyrin derivative (HpD) is a systemically administered photosensitizing agent that may be of value in the treatment of solid tumors. When corneal endothelial cells were perfused in the specular microscope with HpD and exposed to a 25-W incandescent light at 5 cm (5.5 mW/cm2) there was anatomic disruption of corneal endothelial cells and swelling of the corneal stroma.

Thermal control in the neonatal unit.

The term infant is ready for independent life and responds appropriately in response to changes in environmental conditions by physiological adjustments and giving signals or showing signs to his attendants. Preterms above 32 weeks gestation have a weaker but similar capacity. Infants below 28 weeks gestation have very limited responses and benefit from a strict control of environmental conditions.

Effect of oxygen free radical products on rabbit iris vascular permeability.

Oxygen free radicals and their products are known to be elaborated by inflammatory cells during the 'respiratory burst'. Xanthine oxidase combined with hypoxanthine was injected into the anterior chamber of rabbit eyes. This combination is known to result in the production of oxygen free radicals.

The transfer of free fatty acids across the human placenta.

Thirty-three matched maternal venous and umbilical cord vein and artery plasma samples were obtained at elective caesarean section and the concentrations of the individual free fatty acids determined. The maternal levels were 1.009 (SEM 0.