Pd-Catalyzed Hydrocyanation of Methylenecyclopropanes: A Highly Selective Ring-Opening Access to 2-Substituted Allylic Nitriles.

Transition-metal-catalyzed hydrofunctionalization of methylenecyclopropanes presents a useful but challenging transformation due to the complex selectivity and multiple reaction pathways. We describe herein an unprecedented highly efficient and selective palladium-catalyzed hydrocyanation of methylenecyclopropanes to give various 2-substituted allylic nitriles. Mechanistic studies demonstrated that the transformation may undergo Markovnikov-type hydrometalation and β-carbon elimination.

First-Line Autologous Stem Cell Transplantation for Mantle Cell Lymphoma: A Systematic Analysis and Treatment Recommendation.

Background: In the era of immunotherapy, autologous stem cell transplantation (ASCT) in first-line therapy in patients with mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) has been a controversial topic. This report aimed to explore the association between ASCT and MCL survival through a systematic review with meta-analysis.

Methods: We performed a systematic search of original articles published from inception to September 2021 using PubMed, MEDLINE, Embase, and Cochrane Library databases.

Low dose IL-2 increase regulatory T cells and elevate platelets in a patient with immune thrombocytopenia.

Immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) is an autoimmune disorder in which its immune system destroys platelets and leads to haemorrhage symptom. Recent studies have found that regulatory T cells (Tregs) in peripheral blood, bone marrow, and spleen were reduced in ITP patients and recovered after effective ITP therapy. Low-dose Interleukin-2 (IL-2) has been reported recently to increase Tregs and used to treat autoimmune disease including graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) after organ transplantation and HCV-related autoimmune vasculitis.