A novel hydraulic biogas digester controlling the scum formation in batch and semi-continuous tests using banana stems.

Scum formation is a widespread phenomenon and causes serious damage in straw biogas digesters. A 10-L novel hydraulic conical digester for controlling scum was developed in this work and compared with a hydraulic cylindrical digester that simulated the conventional digester. After 30 d of batch and 120 d of semi-continuous fermentations using banana stems, the scum volumes of in cylindrical digesters were 4.

The inhibitory activities and antiviral mechanism of Viola philippica aqueous extracts against grouper iridovirus infection in vitro and in vivo.

Grouper iridovirus (GIV) is one of the most serious pathogens in mariculture and causes high mortality rates in cultured groupers; then, effective medicines for controlling GIV infections are urgently needed. Viola philippica is a well-known medicinal plant, and the application of V. philippica aqueous extracts against GIV infection was assessed by different methods in this study.

Selection and characterization of ssDNA aptamers specifically recognizing pathogenic Vibrio alginolyticus.

Vibrio alginolyticus (V. alginolyticus) is a major opportunistic pathogen to both marine animals and humans, which has also caused heavy economic losses to mariculture. The aim of this study was to develop highly specific aptamers for V.

[Optimization of succinic acid fermentation with Actinobacillus succinogenes by response surface methodology].

Succinic acid is an important C4 platform chemical in the synthesis of many commodity and special chemicals. In the present work, different compounds were evaluated for succinic acid production by Actinobacillus succinogenes GXAS 137. Important parameters were screened by the single factor experiment and Plackeet-Burman design.

Tumebacillus flagellatus sp. nov., an α-amylase/pullulanase-producing bacterium isolated from cassava wastewater.

A novel α-amylase/pullulanase-producing bacterium, designated strain GST4(T), was isolated from samples collected from the wastewater of a cassava starch factory in Nanning, Guangxi Autonomous Region, southern China. Cells of strain GST4(T) were rod-shaped bacilli containing ellipsoidal terminal spores and found to be Gram-reaction-positive, aerobic, motile, oxidase-positive, catalase-negative and formed light yellow colonies on agar plates. Strain GST4(T) was able to grow at pH 4.