TMT-based quantitative proteomics reveals the nutritional and stress resistance functions of anaerobic fungi in yak rumen during passage at different time intervals.

Objectives: Anaerobic fungi are critical for nutrient digestion in the yak rumen. Although studies have reported the effects of passage at different time intervals on the community structure of yak rumen anaerobic fungi, it is unknown whether passage culture at different time intervals affects the microbial proteins of rumen anaerobic fungi and their functions.

Methods: Mycelium was obtained using the anaerobic continuous batch culture (CBC) of yak rumen fluid at intervals of 3 d, 5 d and 7 d.

Redescription and phylogenetic position of the terrestrial ciliates Gastrostylides dorsicirratus and Heterourosomoida lanceolata (Hypotricha, Dorsomarginalia).

The morphology and infraciliature of two soil hypotrichous ciliates, Heterourosomoida lanceolata (Shibuya, 1930) Singh and Kamra, 2015 and Gastrostylides dorsicirratus (Foissner, 1982) Foissner, 2016, were investigated using live observation and protargol staining. The Chinese population of H. lanceolata differs slightly from other populations in the body size in vivo, the relative length of the adoral zone, the number of right and left marginal cirri, the total number of dorsal bristles, and the number of micronuclei.

Effects of water saving and nitrogen reduction on the yield, quality, water and nitrogen use efficiency of Isatis indigotica in Hexi Oasis.

Isatis indigotica planting is the backbone of the medicinal industry in Hexi Oasis, Gansu. In order to solve the problems insufficient water resources and excessive application of nitrogen fertilizer in this area, this paper explored the irrigation and nitrogen levels that can meet the multiple goals of Isatis indigotica. The two-factor split-plot field experiment (2018‒2019) was conducted in Minle County, Gansu Province, China, which contains 9 treatments.

Effects of swine manure composting by microbial inoculation: Heavy metal fractions, humic substances, and bacterial community metabolism.

This study aimed to investigate the effect of swine manure composting with microbial inoculation (MI) and without MI (CK) on heavy metal (Cr, Cd, and Pb) fractions, humic substance (HS), and metabolism pathway. The results showed that MI could passivate the heavy metal Cr and reduce the proportion of exchangeable (EXC) fraction of Cd, but it does not affect the EXC fraction of Pb. Compared to CK, HS, humic acid (HA), and fulvic acid (FA) were significantly increased with MI at the maturity stage.

Glucose-induced changes in the bacterial communities of mine tailings at different acidification stages.

Ecological restoration technologies applied to tailings can influence the associated bacterial communities. However, it is unknown if the shifts in these bacterial communities are caused by increased organic carbon. Glucose-induced respiration and high-throughput sequencing were used to assess the microbial activity and bacterial communities, respectively.

Dietary intakes and dietary patterns among pregnant women in Northwest China.

Objective: To describe nutrient intakes, characterize dietary patterns and analyse their associations with sociodemographic characteristics among pregnant women in Shaanxi, China.

Design: Population-based cross-sectional survey.

Setting: Twenty counties and ten districts in Shaanxi Province of Northwest China, 2013.

3-Methylthiopropionic Acid of Rhizoctonia solani AG-3 and Its Role in the Pathogenicity of the Fungus.

Studies were conducted to determine the role of 3-methylthioproprionic acid (MTPA) in the pathogenicity of potato stem canker, Rhizoctonia solani, and the concentrations required to inhibit growth of R. solani under laboratory and plant house-based conditions. The experiments were laid out in a completely randomized design with five treatments and five replications.

[Control of continuous potato monoculture barrier via biological soil disinfestation method in Yellow River irrigation areas of central Gansu Province, Northwest China].

The potential of biological soil disinfestation (BSD) in control of continuous potato monoculture barrier was investigated in present study. BSD involves the induction of soil reduction conditions through incorporation of easily decomposed organic materials into soil, flooding the soil by irrigation, and covering the soil surface with plastic film. Control (CK) was left without cover and organic amendment as well as flooding.

[Identification of chemicals in root exudates of potato and their effects on Rhizoctonia solani].

This study was conducted to identify chemicals in root exudates and their effect on Rhizoctonia solani in potato cropping systems. Root exudates were collected from the fields with 5 years of continuous potato cropping in comparison with rotational cropping of potato and other crops, using in-house made root boxes at the seedling and squaring stages. Chemicals in the root exudates were identified using the GC-MS method.

Prenatal Alcohol Exposure and Congenital Heart Defects: A Meta-Analysis.

Background: There are still inconsistent conclusions about the association of prenatal alcohol drinking with congenital heart defects (CHDs). We conducted this meta-analysis to investigate the association between prenatal alcohol exposure and the risk of overall CHDs and the CHDs subtypes.

Methods: Case-control and cohort studies published before March 2015 were searched through PubMed and Embase.

Microbial community diversities and taxa abundances in soils along a seven-year gradient of potato monoculture using high throughput pyrosequencing approach.

Background: Previous studies have focused on linking soil community structure, diversity, or specific taxa to disturbances. Relatively little attention has been directed to crop monoculture soils, particularly potato monoculture. Information about microbial community changes over time between monoculture and non-monoculture treatments is lacking.

[Characteristics of dry matter and potassium accumulation and distribution in potato plant in semi-arid rainfed areas].

In 2010, a field experiment with potato (Solanum tuberosum) cultivar 'Xindaping' was conducted at the Dingxi Extension Center of Gansu Province, Northwest China, aimed to understand the accumulation and distribution patterns of dry matter (DM) and potassium (K) in the organs of potato plant in semi-arid rainfed areas. During the whole growth period of the cultivar, the DM accumulation in root, stem, and leaf all showed a unimodal curve, with the DM accumulation rate being leaf > stem > root, whereas the DM accumulation in whole plant and tuber was an S-curve. The maximum DM accumulation rate of the whole plant was higher than that of the tuber, and appeared 17 days earlier.

[Fungal population structure and its biological effect in rhizosphere soil of continuously cropped potato].

Continuous cropping obstacle is one of the main restriction factors in potato industry. In order to explore the mechanisms of potato's continuous cropping obstacle and to reduce the impact on potato's tuber yield, a field experiment combined with PCR-DGGE molecular fingerprinting was conducted to investigate the fungal population structure and its biological effect in rhizosphere soil of continuously cropped potato. With the increasing year of potato' s continuous cropping, the numbers of visible bands in rhizosphere fungal DGGE profiles increased obviously.