Sequenced-based Rwanda population provides insights into demographic history.

Rwanda is known as the heart of Africa, reflecting the history of the world. Colonization and genocide have led to Rwanda's existing genetic structure. Herein, we used massively parallel sequencing to analyze 296 loci in 185 Rwandans and constructed a database for Rwandan forensic data for the first time.

Effect of Butylphthalide Capsules on Smac and XIAP Expression in Rats after Ischemia Reperfusion.

Introduction: Little is known about the protective effects of butylphthalide on cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury. This study aims to investigate the impact on the second mitochondrial-derived activator of Caspases (Smac) and X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis protein (XIAP) expression in the ischemic semidark area using a rat model of carotid artery stenosis.

Methods: Thirty Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into the sham-operated group, carotid stenosis model controls, low-dose (20 mg/kg), medium-dose (40 mg/kg), and high-dose (80 mg/kg) butylphthalide groups.

In situ deletions reveal regulatory components for expression of an intracellular immune receptor gene and its co-expressed genes in Arabidopsis.

Intracellular immune receptor nucleotide-binding leucine-rich repeats (NLRs) are highly regulated transcriptionally and post-transcriptionally for balanced plant defence and growth. NLR genes often exist in gene clusters and are usually co-expressed under various conditions. Despite of intensive studies of regulation of NLR proteins, cis-acting elements for NLR gene induction, repression or co-expression are largely unknown due to a larger than usual cis-region for their expression regulation.

In situ deletions reveal regulatory components for expression of an intracellular immune receptor gene and its co-expressed genes in Arabidopsis.

Intracellular immune receptor nucleotide-binding leucine-rich repeats (NLRs) are highly regulated transcriptionally and post-transcriptionally for balanced plant defense and growth. NLR genes often exist in gene clusters and are usually co-expressed under various conditions. Despite intensive studies of the regulation of NLR proteins, cis-acting elements for NLR gene induction, repression or co-expression are largely unknown due to a larger than usual cis-region for their expression regulation.

Effects of carbamazepine and sodium valproate on efficacy, cognitive function and uric acid in epileptic patients with first generalized seizure.

Objective: To investigate the effects of carbamazepine and sodium valproate on efficacy, cognitive function and uric acid in epileptic patients with first generalized seizure.

Methods: 120 epilepsy patients with first generalized seizure who admitted to our hospital from March 2017 to March 2019, were selected and randomly divided into carbamazepine-group and sodium valproate-group, with 60 objects in each group. Both groups of patients received medication for one year.

Evaluation of a Custom SNP Panel for Identifying and Rectifying of Misjudged Paternity in Deficiency Cases.

Parentage testing is routinely performed by genotyping short tandem repeat (STR) through capillary electrophoresis in the present. However, ambiguous or even misjudged paternity based on STRs happens from time to time in cases where only one putative parent is available. We analyzed STR data of 7,818,969 unrelated pairs and 75 close-relative pairs and found that although the probability of a random false match between non-relatives was 4.

Effects of Different Degrees of Carotid Artery Stenosis on the Expression of XIAP and Smac in the Ischemic Penumbra of Rats with Cerebral Ischemia-Reperfusion.

Objective: To investigate the effects of different degrees of carotid artery stenosis (CAS) on the expression of XIAP and Smac in ischemic penumbra of rats with cerebral ischemia-reperfusion (I/R).

Materials And Methods: Samples were collected at 12 h and 24 h after reperfusion, and then the treated groups were divided into the NC-12 group, NC-24 group, MIS-12 group, MIS-24 group, MOS-12 group, MOS-24 group, SES-12 group and SES-24 group. HE staining was used to observe the pathological changes of the brain tissue.

A novel forensic panel of 186-plex SNPs and 123-plex STR loci based on massively parallel sequencing.

The MiSeq® FGX Forensic system and the HID-Ion AmpliSeq Panel were previously developed for massively parallel sequencing (MPS) for forensic casework. Among the three major sequencing platforms, BGISEQ-500, which is based on multiple PCRs, is still lacking in forensics. Here, a novel forensic panel was constructed to detect 186 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and 123 short tandem repeats (STRs) with MPS technology on the BGISEQ-500™ platform.

Development and Verification of an Economical Method of Custom Target Library Construction.

Although technological advances have greatly reduced the cost of DNA sequencing, sample preparation time and reagent costs remain the limiting factors for many studies. Based on low-cost targeted amplification, we developed an economical method for custom target library construction based on DNA nanoball (DNB) technology and two-step polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Here, we refer to this method as the two-step PCR, which was compared to traditional multiplex PCR methods in three aspects, data quality, efficiency, and specificity to humans.

Effects of spinetoram on the developmental toxicity and immunotoxicity of zebrafish.

Our study investigated the effects of spinetoram on the developmental toxicity and immunotoxicity of zebrafish. 10 h post-fertilization (hpf) zebrafish embryos were exposed to several concentrations of spinetoram (0, 5.0 mg/L, 7.

Low Temperature Enhances Plant Immunity via Salicylic Acid Pathway Genes That Are Repressed by Ethylene.

Temperature has a large impact on plant immune responses. Earlier studies identified intracellular immune receptor nucleotide-binding leucine-rich repeat (NLR) genes and salicylic acid (SA) as targets of high-temperature inhibition of plant immunity. Here, we report that moderately low temperature enhances immunity to the bacterial pathogen in Arabidopsis ().

Cell autonomous and non-autonomous functions of plant intracellular immune receptors in stomatal defense and apoplastic defense.

Stomatal closure defense and apoplastic defense are two major immunity mechanisms restricting the entry and propagation of microbe pathogens in plants. Surprisingly, activation of plant intracellular immune receptor NLR genes, while enhancing whole plant disease resistance, was sometimes linked to a defective stomatal defense in autoimmune mutants. Here we report the use of high temperature and genetic chimera to investigate the inter-dependence of stomatal and apoplastic defenses in autoimmunity.

Development and comprehensive evaluation of a noninvasive prenatal paternity testing method through a scaled trial.

Purpose: To eliminate the miscarriage risks caused by traditional invasive sampling methods, we develop a noninvasive prenatal paternity testing (NIPPT) method and evaluate its efficiency, reliability and sensitivity based on a scaled trial.

Methods: We use maternal cell-free DNA and massive parallel sequencing to obtain NIPPT genotypes for parents and fetuses based on quality-controlled genome-wide single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). In a preliminary testing, data from 14 pregnant women and 7 negative controls are used for setting threshold of fetal genotyping in reference to postpartum children.

Overlapping and differential roles of plasma membrane calcium ATPases in Arabidopsis growth and environmental responses.

Plant cells have multiple plasma membrane (PM)-localized calcium ATPases (ACAs) pumping calcium ions out of the cytosol. Although the involvement of some of these ACAs in plant growth and immunity has been reported, their individual and combined functions have not been fully examined. Here, we analysed the effects of single and combined mutations of four ACA genes, ACA8, ACA10, ACA12, and ACA13, in a number of processes.

[Percutaneous Edge-to-Edge Mitral Valve Repair: New Transcatheter Approach and Nursing Experience in Patients With Severe Mitral Regurgitation and Prohibitive Surgical Risk].

Open-heart surgery and conservative medical treatments have been the traditional, mainstay treatments for patients with severe mitral regurgitation (MR). Transcatheter edge-to-edge mitral repair is a novel technique. Using the transcatheter approach allows delivery of the clip into the left ventricle and the clipping of the orifice of the MR.

Calcium Pumps and Interacting BON1 Protein Modulate Calcium Signature, Stomatal Closure, and Plant Immunity.

Calcium signaling is essential for environmental responses including immune responses. Here, we provide evidence that the evolutionarily conserved protein BONZAI1 (BON1) functions together with autoinhibited calcium ATPase10 (ACA10) and ACA8 to regulate calcium signals in Arabidopsis. BON1 is a plasma membrane localized protein that negatively regulates the expression of immune receptor genes and positively regulates stomatal closure.

Overexpression of AmRosea1 Gene Confers Drought and Salt Tolerance in Rice.

Ectopic expression of the MYB transcription factor of AmROSEA1 from has been reported to change anthocyanin and other metabolites in several species. In this study, we found that overexpression of significantly improved the tolerance of transgenic rice to drought and salinity stresses. Transcriptome analysis revealed that a considerable number of stress-related genes were affected by exogenous during both drought and salinity stress treatments.

Evaluating nurses' knowledge of chemotherapy.

Background: The characteristics of the drugs that are used in chemotherapy have given rise to many issues, one of which is whether nurses are competent when working with chemotherapy.

Methods: Nurses' knowledge of chemotherapy was evaluated with a questionnaire that included 20 true-or-false questions. The questionnaire was developed from literature and expert input and validated by subject experts (content validity).