Preparation and application of single-atom nanozymes in oncology: a review.

Single-atom nanozymes (SAzymes) represent a cutting-edge advancement in nanomaterials, merging the high catalytic efficiency of natural enzymes with the benefits of atomic economy. Traditionally, natural enzymes exhibit high specificity and efficiency, but their stability are limited by environmental conditions and production costs. Here we show that SAzymes, with their large specific surface area and high atomic utilization, achieve superior catalytic activity.

Evolving Patterns of Hyperfluorescent Fundus Autofluorescence Accompany Retinal Atrophy in the Rat and Mimic Atrophic Age-Related Macular Degeneration.

Purpose: Complex two-dimensional (2D) patterns of hyperfluorescent short-wave fundus autofluorescence (FAF) at the border of geographic atrophy (GA) can predict its expansion in patients with late non-exudative "dry" AMD. However, preclinical models do not phenocopy this important feature of disease. We sought to describe the spatiotemporal changes in hyperfluorescent FAF patterns that occur following acute oxidative stress, potentially in association with GA expansion.

Fundus autofluorescence (FAF) non-invasively identifies chorioretinal toxicity in a rat model of retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) damage.

Introduction: Traditional methods of pre-clinical ocular toxicology require that multiple cohorts of animals be sacrificed over time for terminal histological analysis. By contrast, in vivo techniques capable of following the same cohort prospectively have the potential to be efficient and cost-saving. We therefore asked if fundus autofluorescence (FAF), a non-invasive imaging technique, could detect damage to the posterior pole.

Delayed near-infrared analysis permits visualization of rodent retinal pigment epithelium layer in vivo.

Patches of atrophy of the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) have not been described in rodent models of retinal degeneration, as they have the clinical setting using fundus autofluorescence. We hypothesize that prelabeling the RPE would increase contrast and allow for improved visualization of RPE loss in vivo. Here, we demonstrate a new technique termed “delayed near-infrared analysis (DNIRA)” that permits ready detection of rat RPE, using optical imaging in the near-infrared (IR) spectrum with aid of indocyanine green (ICG) dye.