Spatial-Temporal Diversity of Extrachromosomal DNA Shapes Urothelial Carcinoma Evolution and Tumor-Immune Microenvironment.

Extrachromosomal DNA (ecDNA) presents a promising target for cancer therapy; however, its spatial-temporal diversity and influence on tumor evolution and the immune microenvironment remain largely unclear. We apply computational methods to analyze ecDNA from whole-genome sequencing data of 595 urothelial carcinoma (UC) patients. We demonstrate that ecDNA drives clonal evolution through structural rearrangements during malignant transformation and recurrence of UC.

Mapping the chromothripsis landscape in urothelial carcinoma unravels great intratumoral and intertumoral heterogeneity.

Chromothripsis, a hallmark of cancer, is characterized by extensive and localized DNA rearrangements involving one or a few chromosomes. However, its genome-wide frequency and characteristics in urothelial carcinoma (UC) remain largely unknown. Here, by analyzing single-regional and multi-regional whole-genome sequencing (WGS), we present the chromothripsis blueprint in 488 UC patients.

Tracking-seq reveals the heterogeneity of off-target effects in CRISPR-Cas9-mediated genome editing.

The continued development of novel genome editors calls for a universal method to analyze their off-target effects. Here we describe a versatile method, called Tracking-seq, for in situ identification of off-target effects that is broadly applicable to common genome-editing tools, including Cas9, base editors and prime editors. Through tracking replication protein A (RPA)-bound single-stranded DNA followed by strand-specific library construction, Tracking-seq requires a low cell input and is suitable for in vitro, ex vivo and in vivo genome editing, providing a sensitive and practical genome-wide approach for off-target detection in various scenarios.

Novel Pathogenic Mutation of P209L in TRPC6 Gene Causes Adult Focal Segmental Glomerulosclerosis.

Focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) is a leading kidney disease, clinically associated with proteinuria and progressive renal failure. The occurrence of this disease is partly related to gene mutations. We describe a single affected family member who presented with FSGS.

Joint analysis of WES and RNA-Seq identify signature genes related to metastasis in prostate cancer.

Prostate cancer (PCa) has a certain degree of heritability, and metastasis occurs as cancer progresses. However, its underlying mechanism remains largely unknown. We sequenced four cases of cancer without metastasis, four metastatic cancer, and four benign hyperplasia tissues as controls.

Haemaphysalis longicornis calreticulin is not an effective molecular tool for tick bite diagnosis and disruption of tick infestations.

Background: Tick calreticulin (CRT) is a calcium-binding protein secreted into the host during blood feeding. It has been used as a biomarker of tick exposure and has potential as an anti-tick vaccine, but there is no information about these uses for Haemaphysalis longicornis CRT (HlCRT). We synthesized recombinant H.

Preliminary investigation of ixodid ticks in Jiangxi Province of Eastern China.

In recent years, a large effort has been made for tick surveys for public health importance around China, especially after outbreaks of severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS) occurred in humans in 2009. In this paper, the preliminary species composition and population distribution of ticks in Jiangxi Province of Eastern China is reported. Ticks were collected in three habitats (grassland, shrubs and woodland) and from nine host groups in 12 sampling sites throughout Jiangxi Province between 2011 and 2018.

Molecular differentiation and species composition of genus Culicoides biting midges (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae) in different habitats in southern China.

Culicoides biting midges (Diptera:Ceratopogonidae) cause a significant biting nuisance to humans, livestock, which are the biological vectors of a range of risky pathogens. Accurate illustration of vector play a key role in arthropod borne diseases surveillance. However, few studies have focused on the Culicoides, which caused bluetongue disease in 29 provinces of China since 1979.

First Molecular Evidence of Anaplasma phagocytophilum in Rodent Populations of Nanchang, China.

In this study, systematic surveillance of rodent populations in Nanchang of China and determination of Anaplasma phagocytophilum infection in rodents were performed. Between 2011 and 2015, 110,084 rodent snap traps were set in 4 counties and in the city center of Nanchang, China. Finally, 942 rodents were captured, with a relative density of 0.

First molecular detection of tick-borne pathogens in dogs from Jiangxi, China.

In this study, blood samples obtained from 162 dogs in Jiangxi, China, were employed in molecular screening of canine tick-borne pathogens by PCR and sequencing. Babesia spp. gene fragment was detected in 12 (7.