Effect of bioturbation of the mitten crab on distribution of tire wear particles and their combined effect on sediment ecosystem.

Tire wear particles (TWPs) are a major source of environmental microplastic pollution which gradually settle and accumulate in sediments after entering the aquatic environment, which can affect the behaviors of benthic organisms. Bioturbation of benthic species could affect the fate, impacts and potential risks of TWPs by altering the properties and structure of sediments. Therefore, in this study, the effect of TWPs on the burrowing activity of Chinese mitten crab (Eriocheir sinensis) was investigated.

Yeast enrichment facilitated lipid removal and bioconversion by black soldier fly larvae in the food waste treatment.

Food waste can be converted into insectile fatty acids (FAs) by the larvae of black soldier fly (BSFL), Hermetia illucens, for use in the feed sector or as a source of biodiesel. However, waste oil was less decomposed than carbohydrate or protein in frass due to the limitation of larval lipid metabolism. In this study, 10 yeast strains were screened, corresponding to six species, to examine their capacity of improving lipid transformation performance by BSFL.

Leaching of di-2-ethylhexyl phthalate from biodegradable and conventional microplastics and the potential risks.

There has been a growing concern about plastic pollution, both from a health and ecological perspective. One of the major concerns with plastic debris, especially microplastics (MPs) relates to their strong potential for releasing additives and chemicals. Di-2-ethylhexyl phthalate (DEHP) is a common plastic additive widely used as plasticizer in plastic products, and is of global concern due to its widespread contamination in the environment.

Characteristics of sludge-based pyrolysis biochar and its application of enhancing denitrification.

A modified biochar for enhanced denitrification was developed through a facile pyrolysis method using sewage sludge as raw material and melamine as nitrogen source. Through electrochemical analysis, sludge-based pyrolysis biochar (SPBC) has superior electrical conductivity and poor redox activity. SPBC can increase the electron transfer through the geoconductor mechanism.

C/N-Dependent Element Bioconversion Efficiency and Antimicrobial Protein Expression in Food Waste Treatment by Black Soldier Fly Larvae.

The black soldier fly (BSF), Hermetia illucens, has emerged as a promising species for waste bioconversion and source of antimicrobial proteins (AMPs). However, there is a scarcity of research on the element transformation efficiency and molecular characterization of AMPs derived from waste management. Here, food waste treatment was performed using BSF larvae (BSFL) in a C/N ratio of 21:1−10:1, with a focus on the C/N-dependent element bioconversion, AMP antimicrobial activity, and transcriptome profiling.

Micro- and nanoplastics released from biodegradable and conventional plastics during degradation: Formation, aging factors, and toxicity.

The use of biodegradable plastics may solve the pollution caused by conventional plastics in the future. However, microplastics and nanoplastics are produced during the aging process of biodegradable plastics. This work evaluated the formation of secondary microplastics and nanoplastics and the effects of aging factors (UV radiation and mechanical forces) during the degradation processes of various biodegradable plastics (poly(butylene adipate co-terephtalate) (PBAT), poly(butylene succinate) (PBS), and polylactic acid (PLA)) and conventional plastics (polyethylene (PE), polystyrene (PS), and polyvinyl chloride (PVC)).

Effects of Different Nitrogen Sources and Ratios to Carbon on Larval Development and Bioconversion Efficiency in Food Waste Treatment by Black Soldier Fly Larvae ().

Biowaste treatment by black soldier fly larvae (BSFL, ) has received global research interest and growing industrial application. Larvae farming conditions, such as temperature, pH, and moisture, have been critically examined. However, the substrate carbon to nitrogen ratio (C/N), one of the key parameters that may affect larval survival and bioconversion efficiency, is significantly less studied.

Adsorption and Desorption of Triclosan on Biodegradable Polyhydroxybutyrate Microplastics.

Biodegradable plastics have been increasingly used as a solution to the problem of plastic pollution in recent years. However, there are few studies on the negative effects of biodegradable microplastics. Triclosan, a widely used disinfectant, is a highly toxic substance.

Rhodamine B dye staining for visualizing microplastics in laboratory-based studies.

In the recent years, microplastics have attracted much attention as new emerging environmental pollutants. Previously, several studies were performed to understand the source and fate of microplastics in the environment, organisms, and food webs. To track microplastics and improve their legibility, labeling them is a very effective method during laboratory experiments.

Occurrence and identification of microplastics in tap water from China.

Microplastics as new emerging pollutants in aquatic environments have received much attention in recent years. However, up to now, microplastic contamination in tap water has only been investigated by few studies. Therefore, this study investigated the presence of microplastics in tap water.

Metals in Occluded Water: A New Perspective for Pollution in Drinking Water Distribution Systems.

Occluded water is water that remains inside corrosion scales within deteriorating distribution pipes. The accumulation of iron and manganese in the occluded water is a potential risk for water quality. Thus, this study investigated the change in metal (iron, manganese, copper and chromium) concentration in occluded water, the effect of these metals on the flowing water, and the source of iron and manganese in the occluded water using a simulation device.

Identification and characterization of steady and occluded water in drinking water distribution systems.

Deterioration and leakage of drinking water in distribution systems have been a major issue in the water industry for years, which are associated with corrosion. This paper discovers that occluded water in the scales of the pipes has an acidic environment and high concentration of iron, manganese, chloride, sulfate and nitrate, which aggravates many pipeline leakage accidents. Six types of water samples have been analyzed under the flowing and stagnant periods.