The combined effect of diabetes mellitus and sarcopenia on depression and cognitive function: insights from the CHARLS cohort, 2011-2020.

Background: Diabetes mellitus (DM) and sarcopenia are bidirectionally linked and commonly co-occur among middle-aged and elderly individuals. This study aims to examine the combined effect of DM and sarcopenia on depressive symptoms and cognitive function.

Methods: This was a nationwide cohort study using data from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study.

The Notch1/Hes1 pathway regulates Neuregulin 1/ErbB4 and participates in microglial activation in rats with VPA-induced autism.

The core clinical characteristics of autism, which is a neurodevelopmental disease, involve repetitive behavior and impaired social interactions. Studies have shown that the Notch and Neuregulin1 (NRG1) signaling pathways are abnormally activated in autism, but the mechanism by which these two signaling pathways interact to contribute to the progression of autism has not been determined. Our results suggest that the levels of Notch1, Hes1, NRG1, and phosphorylated ErbB4 in the cerebellum (CB), hippocampus (HC), and prefrontal cortex (PFC) were increased in rats with valproic acid (VPA)-induced autism compared to those in the Con group.

Plant-derived strategies to fight against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2.

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has caused an unprecedented crisis, which has been exacerbated because specific drugs and treatments have not yet been developed. In the post-pandemic era, humans and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) will remain in equilibrium for a long time. Therefore, we still need to be vigilant against mutated SARS-CoV-2 variants and other emerging human viruses.

Targeting ferroptosis by poly(acrylic) acid coated MnO nanoparticles alleviates acute liver injury.

Ferroptosis, a newly characterized form of regulated cell death, is induced by excessive accumulation of lipid peroxidation catalyzed by intracellular bioactive iron. Increasing evidence has suggested that ferroptosis is involved in the pathogenesis of several human diseases, including acute liver injury. Targeted inhibition of ferroptosis holds great promise for the clinical treatment of these diseases.

Carbon-Based Nanomaterials for Sustainable Agriculture: Their Application as Light Converters, Nanosensors, and Delivery Tools.

Nano-enabled agriculture is now receiving increasing attentions. Among the used nanomaterials, carbon-based nanomaterials are good candidates for sustainable agriculture. Previous review papers about the role of carbon-based nanomaterials in agriculture are either focused on one type of carbon-based nanomaterial or lack systematic discussion of the potential wide applications in agriculture.

Screening and Identification of Transcription Factors Potentially Regulating Expression in Ovary.

is an evolutionarily conserved female sex gene, which is specifically expressed in the ovary and mainly involved in oogenesis and ovarian function maintenance. However, little is known about the mechanism that regulates specific expression during the ovary development. In the present study, we constructed the gonadal yeast one-hybrid (Y1H) library of with ovaries and testes at different developmental stages using the Gateway technology.

Engineering Mn atomic sites in multi-dimensional nitrogen-doped carbon for highly efficient oxygen reduction reaction.

Nitrogen-coordinated single-atom manganese in multi-dimensional nitrogen-doped carbon electrocatalysts (Mn-NC) were successfully constructed by combining two-dimensional nanosheets and one-dimensional nanofibers. The Mn-NC exhibited excellent oxygen reduction reaction catalytic activity with a half-wave potential of 0.88 V, which is higher than the 0.

SOX2 participates in spermatogenesis of Zhikong scallop Chlamys farreri.

As an important transcription factor, SOX2 involves in embryogenesis, maintenance of stem cells and proliferation of primordial germ cell (PGC). However, little was known about its function in mature gonads. Herein, we investigated the SOX2 gene profiles in testis of scallop, Chlamys farreri.

Spatial and Seasonal Dynamics of Ship Emissions over the Yangtze River Delta and East China Sea and Their Potential Environmental Influence.

The Yangtze River Delta (YRD) port cluster is one of five major port clusters in China and is home to Shanghai port, the largest port worldwide. In this study, an automatic identification system-based model was built to estimate the ship exhaust emissions in the YRD and the East China Sea within 400 km of the coastline. In 2010, the total emissions of SO2, NOX, and PM2.

Quantitative analysis of the neonicotinoid insecticides imidacloprid and thiamethoxam in fruit juices by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays.

Rapid and sensitive ELISAs have been applied to analyze imidacloprid and thiamethoxam residues in apple, grape, orange, and peach juices after simple dilution of the samples without any extraction and cleanup. The matrix interference of the fruit juices was eliminated after 100-fold dilution, and the ELISAs gave method LODs of imidacloprid and thiamethoxam in fruit juices down to 20 and 5 ng/g, respectively. Average recoveries of imidacloprid and thiamethoxam from the spiked fruit juices were in the range of 92-115% and 87-118%, respectively.

Application of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for quantification of the insecticides imidacloprid and thiamethoxam in honey samples.

An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used for the determination of residues of imidacloprid and thiamethoxam insecticides in honey after simple dilution of the samples without either extraction or cleanup. The ELISA enabled accurate determination of imidacloprid and thiamethoxam down to limits of 20 and 5 ng g(-1) in honey, respectively. Average recoveries of imidacloprid and thiamethoxam from the fortified honey samples were 90-120 and 96-122%, and coefficients of variation ranged 5-12 and 3-15%, respectively.