The application of retinal organoids in ophthalmic regenerative medicine: A mini-review.

Retinal organoids are three-dimensional (3D) microscopic tissues that are induced and differentiated from stem cells or progenitor cells in vitro and have a highly similar structure to the retina. With the optimization and development of 3D retinal culture system and the improvement of induced differentiation technology, retinal organoids have broad application prospects in retinal development, regenerative medicine, biomaterial evaluation, disease mechanism investigation, and drug screening. In this review we summarize recent development of retinal organoids and their applications in ophthalmic regenerative medicine.

Physiological and molecular mechanisms of carbon quantum dots alleviating Cu toxicity in Salvia miltiorrhiza bunge.

Excessive Cu is toxic to plants. Carbon quantum dots (CQDs) exhibit certain chelating properties towards heavy metals, and they also demonstrate antioxidant activities. To explore the mechanism for alleviating the Cu toxicity of Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge mediated by CQDs, CQDs that contained CC, CO, H-O, C-N and C-O functional groups with particle size less than 10 nm and that emitted blue fluorescence were prepared.

Alexithymia is associated with insomnia in Chinese patients with schizophrenia.

Background: Sleep disorders are prevalent among patients with schizophrenia and are associated with several negative consequences. Although, researchers have recently suggested that sleep disorders have a close correlation with alexithymia, and schizophrenia also has a strong correlation with alexithymia, there have been few studies on the relationships between schizophrenia, sleep disorders and alexithymia. Therefore, this study aimed to explore the relationships between psychiatric symptoms, alexithymia and sleep problems in patients with schizophrenia so as to provide a reference for the clinical treatment of this comorbidity.

Design of Tunable Broadband Graphene-Based Metasurface with Amplitude-Phase Modulation.

Due to the growing scarcity of spectrum resources in the low-frequency band, the requirement of beam-reconfigurable antennas in the millimeter wave band is urgent. In this paper, a W-band graphene-based metasurface working in a broad bandwidth is proposed with reflective amplitude coding. Here, graphene sheets play a dual role in radiating and regulating electromagnetic waves.

SARM1 deletion in parvalbumin neurons is associated with autism-like behaviors in mice.

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD), a group of neurodevelopmental disorder diseases, is characterized by social deficits, communication difficulties, and repetitive behaviors. Sterile alpha and TIR motif-containing 1 protein (SARM1) is known as an autism-associated protein and is enriched in brain tissue. Moreover, SARM1 knockdown mice exhibit autism-like behaviors.

Hyperthermia-triggered UK release nanovectors for deep venous thrombosis therapy.

Deep vein thrombosis (DVT) is a common and lethal complication of surgery. In the clinic, thrombolytic drugs are primarily used for treating DVT. However, the utilization of thrombolytic drugs is limited due to the risk of urokinase (UK)-related hemorrhagic complications.

Research progress of novel inorganic nanometre materials carriers in nanomedicine for cancer diagnosis and treatment.

Nanomedicine, as the new achievement in combination of nanotechnology and medical science, has the potential to accurately monitor tumor for early diagnosis and dramatically improve the targeted, long-lasting and combinational therapy. Compared with traditional chemotheraphy, nanomedicine would effectively improve the drug accumulation and controlled release in the tumor sites to improve the therapeutic effect. Recently, all kinds of nanomedicines are designed and synthesized for tumor diagnosis and treatment based on inorganic nanocarriers, such as quantum dots, gold nanoparticles, silicon nanoparticles and so on.

Non-Gaussian Systems Control Performance Assessment Based on Rational Entropy.

Control loop Performance Assessment (CPA) plays an important role in system operations. Stochastic statistical CPA index, such as a minimum variance controller (MVC)-based CPA index, is one of the most widely used CPA indices. In this paper, a new minimum entropy controller (MEC)-based CPA method of linear non-Gaussian systems is proposed.

[Screening, denitrification characteristics, and anaerobic ammonium oxidation ability of denitrifying bacterium aHD7].

A highly efficient denitrifying bacterium aHD7 was screened from activated sludge. After static culture at 30 degrees C for 3 days, the denitrification rate of the aHD7 reached 91.7%, and during denitrification, nitrite had lower accumulation, with its concentration basically maintained at 1.

[Isolation and identification of aerobic denitrifying bacterium Defluvibacter lusatiensis strain DN7 and its heterotrophic nitrification ability].

An aerobic denitrifying bacterium strain DN7 with excellent nitrate removal ability was isolated from the bio-contact oxidation reactor treating bamboo process wastewater. The strain had a nitrate removal efficiency of 99.4% in 72 h.

[Identification of a new heterotrophic nitrobacterium strain Colloides sp. JZ1-1 and its nitrifying capability].

A heterotrophic nitrobacterium strain JZ1-1 with higher nitrifying capability was isolated and mutagenized from an acclimated activated sludge. The JZ1-1 was identified as Colloides sp., according to its morphological and physiological features.

A meta-analysis of evidence for hormesis in animal radiation carcinogenesis, including a discussion of potential pitfalls in statistical analyses to detect hormesis.

A database containing 800 datasets on the incidence of specific tumor types from 262 radiation carcinogenicity experiments identified in a comprehensive literature search through September 2000 was analyzed for evidence of hormesis. This database includes lifetime studies of tumorigenic responses in mice, rats, and dogs to exposures to alpha, beta, gamma, neutron, or x-ray radiation. A J-shaped dose response, in the form of a significant decreased response at some low dose followed by a significant increased response at a higher dose, was found in only four datasets from three experiments.

Database of radiogenic cancer in experimental animals exposed to low doses of ionizing radiation.

For decades, there have been debates regarding the nature of the relationship between exposure to low doses of ionizing radiation and cancer risk. Under the linear no-threshold hypothesis, which serves as a theoretical basis for current radiation protection standards, the risk of cancer at low levels of exposure is presumed to be directly proportional to dose. Opponents of this hypothesis claim that there are threshold doses for radiation carcinogenesis, or even a reduction in cancer risk at low doses (a phenomenon referred to as "radiation hormesis").

Health outcomes of low-dose ionizing radiation exposure among medical workers: a cohort study of the Canadian national dose registry of radiation workers.

Background: Medical workers can be exposed to low-dose ionizing radiation from various sources. The potential cancer risks associated with ionizing radiation exposure have been derived from cohort studies of Japanese atomic bomb survivors who had experienced acute, high-level exposure. Since such extrapolations are subject to uncertainty, direct information is needed on the risk associated with chronic low-dose occupational exposure to ionizing radiation.

Low dose ionizing radiation exposure and cardiovascular disease mortality: cohort study based on Canadian national dose registry of radiation workers.

Objectives: The purpose of our study was to assess the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality in a Canadian cohort of 337 397 individuals (169 256 men and 168 141 women) occupationally exposed to ionizing radiation and included in the National Dose Registry (NDR) of Canada.

Material And Methods: Exposure to high doses of ionizing radiation, such as those received during radiotherapy, leads to increased risk of cardiovascular diseases. The emerging evidence of excess risk of CVDs after exposure to doses well below those previously considered as safe warrants epidemiological studies of populations exposed to low levels of ionizing radiation.

A preliminary radon map for Canada according to health region.

The recent publications of the combined analyses of residential radon studies in Europe and North America have shown that there is a significant risk of lung cancer at residential radon levels. In order to assess the population risk due to radon, the knowledge of the spatial distribution of indoor radon levels is essential. Here a preliminary radon map for Canada is presented, based on historical radon measurements collected in 6016 locations across Canada with the health region as the basic geographic units.